查询词典 Boas

Although Boas was making a very specific contribution to the methods of descriptive linguistics, his ultimate point is far reaching: observer bias need not be personal, it can be cultural.

尽管鲍亚士对描述语言学的研究方法提供非常特殊的贡献，但是他最终的论点是意义深远：观察者的偏见并不必然是个人的偏见，它可能是文化的。

Language acts as not only a tool of thinking for human beings but also influences and restricts human beings" thought. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis originated in German linguistics tradition. In the eighteenth century, German scholar Herder once put forth that language was the tool, the content and the style of man"s thought. German linguist Humboldt further asserted that language was the formation organ of "thought", every language consisted of a peculiar view on the world. Boas created American descriptive linguistics by emphasizing on the description of language structure.

假说发端于德国语言学传统，德国学者赫尔得在18世纪就曾提出过&语言是人类思想的工具、内容和形式&，语言学家洪堡特发展其观点，指出语言是&思想形成的器官&、&每一种语言都包含着一个独特的世界观&。20世纪初，德裔美国语言学家鲍阿斯创立以语言的外部形式特征为重点的客观描写主义，并且首次阐述了不同语言是以不同方式对经验进行分类和划分的观点，为假说形成提供了的重要论据和研究的方法论基础。

Boas had studied anatomy with Virchow two years earlier, while preparing for the Baffin Island expedition.

引用|我早年的思想背景来自一个德国家庭，其中

Boas was familiar with what Brinton was talking about; he had experienced something similar during his research in Baffin Island and in the Pacific Northwest.

鲍亚士对布林顿所讨论的内容十分熟悉；他在巴芬岛和太平洋西北从事研究时也经历类似事情。

In 1887, after his Baffin Island expedition, Boas wrote "The Principles of Ethnological Classification," in which he developed this argument in application to anthropology

他在柏林经过介绍而结识

The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

这些新被描述的语言通常与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责博厄斯和萨皮尔的资料是编造的。

And Sapir of fabricating their data.

一些学者甚至指责 Boas 和 Sapir 编造了他们的资料

Well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

这些新近被描述的各种语言与经过充分研究的欧洲和东南亚的语言是如此显著地不同，以至于一些学者甚至指责博厄斯和萨皮尔编造了资料。

The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责博厄斯和萨皮尔编造了材料。

The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

搭配这些才被描述到的语言，经常与欧洲和东南亚的那些被细致研究过的语言有如此明显的差异，以至于有些学者指责鲍尔斯和萨皮尔伪造了他们的研究数据。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。