查询词典 Arabidopsis

Resistance responses were studied in different Arabidopsis ecotypes after being inoculated by some important plant pathogens. According to the results, molecular mechanisms of resistance and expression of the defense-related genes in resistance and susceptible Arabidopsis ecotypes were studied. Results followed in this paper.All the 11 Arabidopsis ecotypes tested were incompatible to Erysiphe convolvuli, Alternaria brassicicola, Setosphaeria turcica and Verticillium dahliae.

本文在对拟南芥不同生态型接种不同植物病原菌后的抗病反应基础上对抗感表现不同的生态型的抗性机制及抗性相关基因的差异表达进行了研究，结果如下：测定拟南芥11个生态型接种8种不同植物病原菌后发现，供试拟南芥对田璇花白粉病菌、白菜黑斑病菌、玉米大斑病菌和棉花黄萎病菌均表现为非亲和反应。

Comparabilityof some segments reached about 86% to 90% including Arabidopsis thaliana CIPK7、Arabidopsis thaliana At3g23000 gene、Arabidopsis thaliana SNF1 related protein kinase(At3g23000; MXC7.3) mRNA、Cucumis sativus RBL1 mRNA, complete cds、Ranunculusmacranthus ribosomal protein L14 (rp114) gene, partial cds、Daucus carota chromasomecomplete genome and so on. There are also some other segments had a low identity andconsidered as unknown genes.

对部分差异条带进行了克隆测序，登陆GENEBANK对差异cDNA片断的序列进行核苷酸及氨基酸的同源性对比，其中一些片断与拟南芥CIPK7、拟南芥At3g23000基因、拟南芥SNF1相关蛋白激酶mRNA、栽培黄瓜RBL1mRNA全序列、毛茛核糖体蛋白L14基因、胡萝卜染色体基因组等均有86％-90％左右的同源性，还有部分片断的同源性很低，可能为未知基因序列。

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

We have constructed a bivalence expression vector with SsNHX1 and AVP1 and transformed them into Arabidopsis. The results showed that the transgenic Arabidopsis plants 101 and 127 grew much better than wild type plants in the medium containing 100 and 200 mmol/L NaCl, which further indicated the important roles of Na〓 compartmentalization in vacuoles on plant salt tolerance.

2构建了同时含有液泡膜Na〓/H〓 antiporter与H〓-PPase基因的双元植物表达载体并转入拟南芥，筛选到在100和200mMol/LNaCl胁迫环境下生长发育均明显好于野生型的转基因拟南芥植株101和127，进一步验证了液泡Na〓区隔化在植物耐盐方面的重要作用。

There are 3 and 4 homologous bolA genes in rice and Arabidopsis thaliana respectively, and genes encoding proteins with a SufE motif and a BolA motif are existed in both rice and Arabidopsis.

水稻和拟南芥中各有3和4个相关的同源基因，其中各有一个基因编码的蛋白还多含一个SufE结构域。

Recently, Thellungiella halophila, a close-relative ofArabidopsis thaliana, which is been suggested and be developed as a new salttolerance model plant. Thellungiella halophila is a salt-tolerance crucifer with a shortlife cycle, small genome, and with high sequence similarity(about 90-95% on cDNAlevel), similar heredity characteristics and growth habits with Arabidopsis thaliana.So it is convenience for T. halophila to benefit from a lot of Arabidopsis thalianainformation data.

最近，另一个盐生植物盐芥被提议为研究植物耐盐性的模式系统，它是拟南芥的近缘，为生长周期短、基因组较小、耐盐性较强的十字花科的盐生植物；在cDNA水平上与拟南芥有大约90-95％的同源性，因此，可以方便地将拟南芥的很多信息移至盐芥耐盐性的分子生物学研究；而且，盐芥具有拟南芥很多同样的优点以作为实验系统。

The multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that each genewas a member of a multigene family. 3. The function of 3GT gene was confirmed by Agrobacterium-mediatedtransformation of arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed by floral dip method with AgrobacteriumGV3101 carrying expression vector pG3GT. Four transformants were selected for theirgrowth ability on 1/2MS medium containing 50mg/L kanamycin.

马铃薯野生种3GT基因的功能验证为了验证马铃薯野生种3GT基因的功能，构建带CaMV 35S启动子的表达载体pG3GT，转化农杆菌GV3101，用茵液浸泡花序法对拟南芥进行遗传转化，在含50mg／LKan的1／2MS培养基上筛选，得到4个抗性幼苗，转化率为0.13％，对移栽成活的3株进行PCR检测为阳性，Southern blot分析2株表现为阳性并为单拷贝整合。

Jasmonic acid has been recognized as a phytohormone, which is involved in both developments and defense pathways in Arabidopsis. How the integration of light and JA affects Arabidopsis development remains to be elucidated.

除此之外，Jasmonic acid已被认为一种植物荷尔蒙，参与在阿拉伯芥的生长发育与防御机制之中，然而在植物体中如何整合光和JA的讯息传递仍有待研究。

Since there is no any record on Arabidopsis Sclerotinia stem rot, we first identified the pathogen and then studied the molecular mechanism of Arabidopsis- Sclerotinia interaction.

Northern blot分析表明：PDF1.2在接种12h后开始表达，在之后的4个时间段其表达量逐步增强；而PR1在整个过程中表达量变化不大。

To understand whether the GST can protect plant from the damage of ultra-violet radiation,a UV inducible GST gene was isolated from an Arabidopsis cDNA library.The plant expression vector containing the GST cDNA was constructed and transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana plants by the Agrobacterium-mediated vacuum method.Molecular genetic analyses showed that the overexpression of the UV inducible GST could increase the tolerance of the transgenic plants to UV radiation

为了阐明GST在紫外辐射下是否对植物有保护作用，以紫外强烈诱导表达的GST cDNA为探针，筛选拟南芥cDNA文库，获得了这种GST的全长cDNA；利用此cDNA构建植物表达载体，并通过农杆菌介导法转化拟南芥，使其在拟南芥中得到大量表达；通过对转基因植株的紫外辐射耐性分析，证实了该GST的过量表达可明显增强拟南芥对紫外辐射损伤作用的耐受性。

It is possible that houses were outrageously priced one year ago and that they are still priced much higher than the national average.

情况有可能是，这里的房价曾贵得离谱，现在的房价仍然远高于全国的平均指数。

This is a mother's love for her child.

这是母亲对孩子的关爱。