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Progress in dissymmetric Gemini surfactants;2. A series of dissymmetric Gemini surfactants with the structure ofC_(12H_(25)CH_(3_(2)N~CH_(2_(4)N~CH_(3_(2)C_mH_(2m+1),denoted as C_(12)-4-C_m(m is 14,16,18),have been synthesized with N,N-dimethylalkylamine and 1,4-dibromobutane as the initial reagents.

以N，N-二甲基脂肪胺和1，4-二溴丁烷为原料，合成了一系列具有不同疏水链的不对称Gemini表面活性剂C12H25(CH3)2N+(CH2)4N+(CH3)2CmH2m+1(C12-4-Cm，m=12，14，16，18)，并通过1H NMR、MS和元素分析等方法鉴定其结构。

We investigated the effects of specificPDE-3 inhibitors (olprinone, milrinone, and amrinone) on contractedhuman gastroepiploic arteries ( n = 70), internal mammary arteries( n = 72), and radial arteries ( n = 70) harvested from a totalof 134 patients, all of whom were undergoing coronary arterybypass surgery.

我们在总共134例行冠脉搭桥手术患者身上采集了人胃网膜动脉（ n = 70）、乳内动脉（ n = 72）和挠动脉（ n = 70），并探讨了特异性 PDE －3抑制剂（奥普力农、米力农和氨力农）对这些血管收缩的影响。

This invention pertains to compounds of Formula I, their N-oxides and suitable salts wherein A is O or S; G is a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring or a 5- or 6-membered nonaromatic heterocyclic ring optionally including one or two ring members selected from the group consisting of C, SO or S2, each ring optionally substituted with from one to four R; each J is independently a phenyl ring, a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring or an aromatic 8-, 9- or 10-membered fused carbobicyclic or heterobicyclic ring system, wherein each ring or ring system is optionally substituted with from one to four R; and R, R, R, R and n are as defined in the disclosure.

本发明涉及式I的化合物、其N-氧化物和适当盐，其中A是O或S；G是任选地包含一个或两个独立选自C、SO或S 2 的环成员的5-或6-员杂芳环或5-或6-员非芳族杂环，各环任选地被1-4个R 2 取代；各J独立地是苯环，5-或6-员杂芳环或芳族8-，9-或10-员稠合的碳二环或杂二环系，其中各环或环系任选地被1-4个R 3 取代；R 1 ，R 2 ，R 3 ，R 4 和n如说明书中定义。

One hundred and thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham scald group (n=10), thermal injury group (n=60, 40 ml/kg normal saline was infused peritoneally 6 hours postburn), and Xuebijing treatment group (n=60, 4 ml/kg Xuebijing injection was injected twice a day in addition to delayed resuscitation).

采用大鼠30%总体表面积Ⅲ度烫伤模型。130只雄性Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为假伤组（n=10）、烫伤组（n=60，伤后6 h腹腔内注射40 ml/kg生理盐水）和血必净组（n=60，血必净注射液4 ml/kg，每日2次）。

To explore new synthetic methods, we set out a careful investigation of the reaction of benzimidazolium salt with many nucleophilic agents, including the active aromatic compounds and heteratom nucleophilic agents, and found that the quaternary C=N is not so active; when benzimidazolium salt is reacted with big nitrogen nucleophilic agent? phthalimide, it does not give the expected addition product, instead, produces N-alkyl phthalimide through alkyl-transfermation from benzimidazolium salt to phthalimide.

为了开发新的合成方法，研究了苯并咪唑盐与各种亲核试剂（活泼芳环与杂原子亲核试剂）的反应，发现苯并咪唑盐不与活泼芳环及杂原子亲核试剂发生2位加成反应；在与体积较大的位阻型N亲核试剂邻苯二甲酚亚胺反应时，未得到亲核试剂与极化的C＝N的加成产物，而是得到N烷基化的邻苯二甲酰亚胺，进一步研究表明，苯并咪唑盐将1（3）位N上的烷基转移给了邻苯二甲酰亚胺，并讨论了其反应机理和取代基，溶剂效应。

With diluted anaerobically pretreated wastewater from a pig farm and Spirodela oligorrhiza, TN, NH(superscript + subscript 4)-N and NO(superscript – subscript x)-N removal pathways in shallow-water duckweed-based wastewater treatment systems were studied in summer and winter.

以稀释的猪场厌氧污水为供试水样，少根紫萍为供试生物材料，对夏、冬2季浅水体浮萍污水净化系统TN、NH(上标+下标 4)-N和NO-N（NO(上标–下标 2)-N与NO(上标–下标 3)-N之和）的去除途径进行了试验研究。

With diluted anaerobically pretreated wastewater from a pig farm and Spirodela oligorrhiza,TN,NH~+_4-N and NO~-_x-N removal pathways in shallow-water duckweed-based wastewater treatment systems were studied in summer and winter.

以稀释的猪场厌氧污水为供试水样，少根紫萍为供试生物材料，对夏、冬2季浅水体浮萍污水净化系统TN、NH4+-N和NOx--N(NO2--N与NO3--N之和)的去除途径进行了试验研究。

In this paper,by the matrix method,a necessary and sufficient condition for two n-dimensional synclastic simplexes to be able embedded in the n-dimensional Euclidean space is obtained,as well as for two group finite point sets.

该文利用矩阵的方法，获得了两个同向的n维单形同时等距嵌入E~n维欧氏空间的一个充分必要条件是：对于预给(n+1)~2个距离，满足一组具有行列式形式的不等式组det，由此可以得到两组等数量的有限点集合到E~n维欧氏空间中等长嵌入的一个充分必要条件。

N - Fmoc - L - B - homoglutamine and N - Fmoc - L - B - homoasparagine have been prepared by anidt - eistert synthesis from commercially available N - Fmoc - L - a - glutamine and Na - Fmoc - Nr - trityl - L -asparagine.

描述了应用Arndt-Eistert反应合成两种含酰胺基的N-Fmoc-L-β-氨基酸的方法，讨论了在Wolff重排过程中，N-Fmoc-L-α-谷氨酰胺重氮甲基酮和N-Fmoc-L-α-天冬酰胺重氮甲基酮的各自特点及反应过程中生成的副产物。

A one-step method for the synthesis of aromatic indolizine derivatives byintramolecular 1,5-dipolar cyclization reaction of 2-(2-arylethenyl)pyridinium N-ylidesin the presence of an oxidant has been studied for the first time. In the presence ofelectron-deficient olefins, however, 2-(2-phenylethenyl)pyridinium N-ylides underwent1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and then aromatized in situ by TPCD to produce indolizinederivatives, indicating 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition proceed more readily than 1 ,5-dipolarcyclization in these conditions. Pyridinium disubstituted N-ylides, readily obtainedfrom corresponding pridinium and β-chlorovinyl ketone, underwent thermalintramolecular 1,5-dipolar cyclization to give indolizine derivatives easily.Indolizinecarbaldehyde derivatives were synthesized starting from 2-pyridinecarbaldehyde in four-steps involving 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.

本文首次研究了2-(2-芳基乙烯基)吡啶N-叶立德在氧化剂存在下的分子内1，5-偶极环化反应，采用一锅法合成了中氮茚衍生物；研究了这些N-叶立德的1，5-偶极环化和1，3-偶极环加成反应的选择性，发现当有缺电子烯烃存在时，优先进行1，3-偶极环加成反应，而不再发生分子内1，5-偶极环化反应；由β-氯乙烯酮方便地得到了烯丙基N-叶立德，他们在加热时进行分子内1，5-偶极环化反应而得到中氮茚衍生物；由2-吡啶甲醛为起始原料，通过1，3-偶极环加成反应等四步反应，得到了重要的中氮茚甲醛衍生物，这些反应都具有条件温和和操作简便的特点，是合成中氮茚衍生物的新方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。