镫骨上的

基本解释 (translations)

suprastapedial

与镫骨上的相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Into the membranous floor of this chamber stretched a spoon-shaped and very delicate stapes, which presumably vibrated in response to sound impinging directly on the air in the chamber, transmitting these vibrations to the inner ear through a hole in the wall of the braincase .

在这气室的膜状地板上，有一个汤匙状的精巧镫骨，应该会对气室中传递声音的空气直接反应而振动，把这些振动经由颅骨壁上的洞传递到内耳。

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of epitympanum approach tympanotomy in treating traumatic ossicular chain disruption.

目的：评估完壁式上鼓室进路鼓室探查术治疗外伤性听骨链中断的临床疗效。方法：10例颞骨骨折和耳外伤而鼓膜完整的患者，颞骨CT轴位示锤砧关节不规整，冠状位示砧镫关节不连续。

The raw data was processed by using axial, coronal and double oblique multi-planar reformation; Images obtained were graded in terms of quality with a 5-point scale(5=excellent, 4=good, 3=fair, 2=poor, and 1=nondiagnostic). In grading image quality at axial MPR, The radiologic specialists focused on the subarcuate fossa, tendon of tensor tympani, facial recess, vestibular aqueduct and pyramidal eminence, In grading image quality at coronal MPR, attention was given to the scute, crista transversa, fenestra cochleae, lateral malleal ligament and snake eyes signature of cranial nerve, In the grading of the image quality at double oblique MPR, the radiologic specialists concentrated on the malleus, incus, stirrup bone, upper bony semicircular and aquaeductus fallopii, and then to implement statistical analysis. In order to choose the minimum tube current values and the maximum pitch that can satisfy the diagnosis request, image quality of axial, coronal and double oblique reformation images was compared with different tube current groups. 15 ears of volunteers were used to test the validity with the scanning parameter. Subsequently noise, MTF and dose length product were measured by phantoms in different tube current and pitch, the parameters obtained were compared and taken into statistics analysis.

扫描模式使用临床常用的颞骨螺旋扫描方式：管电压120 kV，准直宽度20×0.6 mm，视野200 mm，重建矩阵512×512，旋转时间1 s/r，重建层厚0.6 mm，重建间隔0.3 mm，分别改变管电流(380、300、200、160、120和80 mA)和螺距(0.8、1.0和1.2)进行扫描和重建，然后对颞骨进行横断面、冠状面和双斜面多平面重组，于重组后的横断层面图像上选取弓形下窝、鼓膜张肌腱、面神经隐窝、前庭导水管和锥隆起5个解剖结构，冠状面重组图像上选取盾板、横嵴、蜗窗、面神经的蛇眼征和锤骨外侧韧带5个解剖结构，双斜面重组图像上选取锤骨、砧骨、镫骨、上骨半规管和面神经管5个解剖结构，在双盲的情况下由放射学专家分别对各管电流和螺距下扫描的重组图像进行评分，随后进行统计学处理，从中筛选出满足诊断要求的最低管电流值和最大的螺距，分别采用患者25例(15耳)用该管电流值和螺距验证其可行性；然后利用模体分别测试各管电流和螺距下的图像的空间分辨率、噪声及其剂量长度积，并对测试所得参数数值进行比较和统计学处理。

Results CTVE could clearly demonstrate the shape,size,and relation of the normal auditory ossicular chain.A visualization rate of malleus,incus,and incudomalleal articulation was 100%,and was 32% for the stapedial footplate.However,in only 21% could the anterior and posterior crura of stapes be distinguished.Cholesteatoma was found in 12 cases with chronic otitis media,in which CTVE demonstrated varying degrees of destruction of the auditory ossicle.In 1 case with congenital anomaly,ossicle dysplasia was seen.

结果 CTVE能清楚显示正常听骨链的形态、大小及相互关系，锤骨、砧骨及锤砧关节的显示率为100%(38/38)，镫骨底板的显示率为32%(12/38)，只有21%(8/38)可以分辨镫骨的前、后脚；18例中耳炎患者中12例胆脂瘤形成，CTVE上有不同程度的听小骨破坏。1例中耳畸形显示听骨链发育异常。

Type II tympanoplasty: When incus and malleus were eroded off with normal stapes, bone cortex was fixed to the head of stapes in order to make the stapes connect to the artificial tympanic membrane.

型镫骨加高术：镫骨正常，镫骨以外的听骨腐损，在镫骨头上固定骨皮质，使镫骨加高与人工鼓膜相接。

Results:① The distance between handle of malleus and stapes head was(2.38±0.19)cm(2.00～2.70cm), the point selecting for measuring was outer margin of handle of malleus and stpes head.②The cross section form of one_third of the handle of malleus at the end, was triangle, the anteroposterior diameter of handle of malleus was(0.79±0.12)mm, the exterior and interior diameter was(0.58±0.10)mm at the crook point,the angle of line of manubrium mallei laid(83.24±8.33)°(66～98°)posteroinferior to arch of zygoma.③The long axis of prosthesis formed(27.60±1.75)°(24.6～30.2°)angle with the perpendicular of stapes.④The dependablity between the malleus_stapes distance and transverse diameter of tympanum, the location of umbo in tympanic membrane, the diameter of manubrium mallei, angle of line of manubrium mallei and arch of zygoma were not statistically significant.

结果：①锤_镫距离最短为(2.38±0.19)cm(2.00～2.70cm)，测量点为锤骨柄末端1/3处外缘和镫骨头；②锤骨柄末段1/3横断面形状接近三角形，弯曲处前、后方向直径为(0.79±0.12)mm，内、外方向直径为(0.58±0.10)mm；锤骨柄与颞线的成角为(83.24±8.33)°(66～98°)；③赝复物长轴与镫骨垂直方向成角平均为(27.60±1.75)°(24.6～30.2°)；④锤_镫距离与鼓室横径、鼓脐在鼓膜上的位置、锤骨柄直径、锤骨柄的方位的可能相关因素之间相关性检验无统计学意义。

Methods Twenty-two pieces of temporal bone were taken for this study. The mastoid cavity was opened, scutum removed,"bridge" broken down, posterior wall of external auditory canal abraded and the related anatomic structures were fully exposed. The distance between the origin of facial nerve canal and the anterior border of round window （ OOFNC-ABORW ）, between the highest point of the facial nerve canal and the bottom of posterior mastoid sinus,and between the stapes head and round window niche was measured under operating microscope.

方法取成人颞骨22侧（左右各11侧），用耳科钻磨开乳突腔，去上鼓室盾板、断"桥"，磨低骨性外耳道后壁，充分暴露相关结构，在手术显微镜下测量面神经管垂直段起始部前缘至圆窗龛前缘的距离、面神经管最高点与后鼓室底壁之间的距离、锥隆起的高度（即锥隆起基底到锥隆起顶端的距离）、镫骨头至圆窗龛前缘的距离。

Since the decrease of the acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude is mediated by the auditory efferent system in sound field, in clinical practice the function of the auditory efferents can be evaluated by testing the change of acoustic stapedius reflex amplitude with the stimulation of the wide band noise in sound field.

声场下白噪声刺激可致镫骨肌声反射幅值降低，临床上可以通过检测声场下白噪声刺激后镫骨肌声反射幅值的变化评枯听觉传出神经的功能。

Methods Twenty-two pieces of temporal bone were taken for this study. The mastoid cavity was opened, scutum removed,"bridge" broken down, posterior wall of external auditory canal abraded and the related anatomic structures were fully exposed. The distance between the origin of facial nerve canal and the anterior border of round window （ OOFNC-ABORW ）, between the highest point of the facial nerve canal and the bottom of posterior mastoid sinus,and between the stapes head and round window niche was measured under operating microscope.

方法取成人颞骨22侧（左右各11侧），用耳科钻磨开乳突腔，去上鼓室盾板、断&桥&，磨低骨性外耳道后壁，充分暴露相关结构，在手术显微镜下测量面神经管垂直段起始部前缘至圆窗龛前缘的距离、面神经管最高点与后鼓室底壁之间的距离、锥隆起的高度（即锥隆起基底到锥隆起顶端的距离）、镫骨头至圆窗龛前缘的距离。

与镫骨上的相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

anvil：砧骨

中耳有3块听小骨,从外向内分别称为锤骨(hammer)、砧骨(anvil)和镫骨(stirrup). 这3块听小骨连成一个杠杆样装置,锤骨的外端附着于鼓膜内面,镫骨的内端附着于中耳深部的一个卵圆形膜,即卵圆窗(oval window)上. 卵圆窗的下面还有一个圆形薄膜,

columella auris：耳柱骨

因为呈马镫状而有此名. 在镫骨的底部紧贴内耳的前庭窗,在其对侧以镫骨小头与砧骨之间形成砧镫关节(incudostapedial articulation). 另外在小头上从鼓室壁起始的镫骨肌终止于此. 镫骨与蜴形类的耳柱骨(columella auris)相同,来源于鱼类的舌颚骨.

Hartmann：鱼骨和软填塞物

1883 Politzer 在Toynbee的鼓膜上加上从尸体取得的镫骨 | 1883 Hartmann 鱼骨和软填塞物 | 1886 Berthold 鸡蛋蛋黄膜

reduced form：还原态

碳燃料通常以一种还原态(reduced form)的形式存在――也就是说,碳原子大多数都附着在氢原子上. 在燃烧时,碳被氧化(与空气中的氧原子结合),生成二氧化碳. 因为氧原子比氢原子重得多,所以燃烧产...中耳的锤骨(hammer bone)、砧骨(anvil bone ) 和镫骨(stirrup bone)总称为听小骨(ossicle),

stirrup：镫骨

中耳有3块听小骨,从外向内分别称为锤骨(hammer)、砧骨(anvil)和镫骨(stirrup). 这3块听小骨连成一个杠杆样装置,锤骨的外端附着于鼓膜内面,镫骨的内端附着于中耳深部的一个卵圆形膜,即卵圆窗(oval window)上. 卵圆窗的下面还有一个圆形薄膜,

stapedectomy：镫骨切除术

1.镫骨手术 包括镫骨撼动术(stapediolysis)及各种类型镫骨切除术(stapedectomy). 2.内耳开窗术 内耳开窗术(fenestration of inner ear),先哲们曾经试图在鼓岬、上半规管、后半规管及外侧半规管上开窗,都曾获得短期的听力改善.

suprastapedial：上镫骨

气门上线 supraspiracular line | 上镫骨 suprastapedial | 胸骨上方的 suprasternal

suprasternal：胸骨上方的

上镫骨 suprastapedial | 胸骨上方的 suprasternal | 气门上瘤 suprastigmatal tubercle