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[Objective]To identify the standard of radiographic diagnosis and analyse the measurement between tailor's bunion and normal feet.[Methods]The fourth-fifth intermetatarsal angle (IM4~5),modified fourth-fifth intermetatarsal angle (MIM4~5),metatarsophalangeal-fifth angle,lateral deviation of the fifth metatarsal angle,width of fifth metatarsal head,distance of prominence of the fifth metatarsal head were measured by X-ray for 131 feet of normal persons and 117 feet of tailor's bunion. The measured results and other clinical presentations were compared.
[目的]通过对小趾囊炎足与正常足X线的测量及对比分析研究,明确小趾囊炎足X线诊断标准[方法]对131例正常足与117例小趾囊炎足的第4~5跖骨间角(IM4~5),改良4~5跖骨间角(MIM4~5),小趾内翻角,第5跖骨外翻角,第5跖骨头宽度及突出距离进行X线测量,结合临床对测量结果进行对比分析研究。
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Methods]The fourth-fifth intermetatarsal angle (IM4~5),modified fourth-fifth intermetatarsal angle (MIM4~5),metatarsophalangeal-fifth angle,lateral deviation of the fifth metatarsal angle,width of fifth metatarsal head,distance of prominence of the fifth metatarsal head were measured by X-ray for 131 feet of normal persons and 117 feet of tailor's bunion.
方法]对131例正常足与117例小趾囊炎足的第4~5跖骨间角(IM4~5),改良4~5跖骨间角(MIM4~5),小趾内翻角,第5跖骨外翻角,第5跖骨头宽度及突出距离进行X线测量,结合临床对测量结果进行对比分析研究。
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In order to understand the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of PA and carvacrol, the superoxide dismutase, glutahoine reductase, glutahoine peroxidase activities in liver and malondialdehyde , cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α levels were eveluated. Also observed inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the pathological histology in λ-carrageenan induced paw edema in mice.
本研究首先以醋酸扭体试验评估左手香水抽提物及其活性成分香芹酚是否具有镇痛效果,以福马林舔足试验辨别其镇痛作用是在周边或是中枢,再以λ-角叉菜胶诱导小鼠足跖肿胀试验探讨其抗发炎作用,并分析其肝脏组织中的超氧歧化酶、麸胱甘肽还原酶、麸胱甘肽过氧化酶活性、发炎足跖组织中的脂质过氧化指标产物丙二醛、肿瘤坏死因子-α及环氧化酶-2之含量变化,观察诱导型一氧化氮合成酶及环氧化酶-2之蛋白质表现量,并将肿胀足跖做病理切片观察之,以探讨左手香水抽提物及香芹酚之抗发炎机转。
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Research on the diversity of shape and structure of avian tarsometatarsus,not only did it present evidences to realize the ecological habit of birds of different species,but made the knowledge of functional behavior of avian hindlimbs perfect progressively also.
不同类型鸟类跗跖骨的形态多样性分异反映了鸟类对外界环境的选择性适应。1鸟类跗跖骨的特征1·1鸟类跗跖骨的组构在鸟类后肢骨骼系统中,其下端的跗跖骨为一块愈合完整的骨骼,这亦成为鸟类特有的骨骼结构,与其他四足动物(跗骨、跖骨由多块分离的骨骼组成)明显不同,鸟类由于飞行使得
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Correlation analysis and factor analysis indicated that two principal components were derived with each comprising 3 variables. The first principal component include the width of metatarsal trochlea II, III and IV; and the second principal component includes the relative height and anterior projection of metatarsal trochlea II compared to that of III, and relative anterior projection of metatarsal trochlea IV compared to that of III.
对现生鸟类跗跖骨5组(12个)变量进行分析,研究各变量间的相关程度,对变量进行主成分分析提取出2个主成分,其中第1主成分包括第II,III,IV三个跖骨的宽度变量;第2主成分包括:第II跖骨滑车相对于第III跖骨滑车的上下及前后位置两变量,以及第IV跖骨滑车相对于第III跖骨滑车的前后位置变量。
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Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C.
论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料,分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异,两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异,两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异,以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究,矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆,铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响,从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。
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Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C. communis grown in normal soil. Several aspects were examined, including: difference of copper tolerance and accumulation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil; difference of growth and nutrient accumunation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; physiological differences between between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in C. communis; identification of cDNA fragments differentially expressed in C. communis grown in copper mine deposit; genetic diversity and copper tolerance of C. communis, tolerance mechanisms to copper in C. communis are discussed.
中文题名鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理和富集特征研究副题名外文题名 Mechanisms of Cu tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis 论文作者廖斌导师蓝崇钰束文圣学科专业环境科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中山大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数128页关键词重金属污染植物修复超富集植物土壤污染铜污染鸭跖草馆藏号BSLW /2003 /X53 /12 论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料,分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异,两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异,两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异,以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究,矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆,铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响,从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。
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Dissect the fascia from the dorsum down to the bursa oer the medial aspect of the metatarsal head. Then make a cured incision through the bursa and capsule of the joint Fig. 1-24,; begin the incision oer the dorsomedial aspect of the joint, continue it proximally dorsal to the metatarsal head and then plantarward and distalward around the joint, and end it distally on the medioplantar aspect of the metatarsophalangeal joint.
然后弧形切开滑囊及跖趾关节囊图1-24,,切口起自关节背内侧,自跖骨头背侧向近端延长,然后转向跖侧,再转向远瑞,环绕关节而行,最后在远端终止于跖趾关节的跖内侧面,此切口形成一椭圆形网球拍状组织瓣,连接于近节趾骨的基底部
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Dissect the fascia from the dorsum down to the bursa over the medial aspect of the metatarsal head. Then make a curved incision through the bursa and capsule of the joint Fig. 1-24,; begin the incision over the dorsomedial aspect of the joint, continue it proximally dorsal to the metatarsal head and then plantarward and distalward around the joint, and end it distally on the medioplantar aspect of the metatarsophalangeal joint.
然后弧形切开滑囊及跖趾关节囊图1-24,,切口起自关节背内侧,自跖骨头背侧向近端延长,然后转向跖侧,再转向远瑞,环绕关节而行,最后在远端终止于跖趾关节的跖内侧面,此切口形成一椭圆形网球拍状组织瓣,连接于近节趾骨的基底部
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Analysis of foot pressure distribution system could gain a complete gait cycle of foot pressure distribution, data acquisition and analysis software used footscan SOFTWARE7.0, foot process of analysis was divided into 10 regions: the first phalange, the second to the fifth phalanges, the first metatarsal, the second metatarsal, the third metatarsal, the fourth metatarsal, the fifth metatarsal, arch, medial heel and lateral heel.
足底压力分布解析系统可获得完整步态周期的足底压力分布图,数据采集与分析采用配套软件footscan SOFTWARE7.0,分析过程将足底分为10个区域:第1趾骨、第2~5趾骨、第1跖骨、第2跖骨、第3跖骨、第4跖骨、第5跖骨、足弓、足跟内侧和足跟外侧。
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metatarsal bones:跖骨
[记忆歌诀]跖骨(metatarsal bones)属于长骨,为5块,从内侧向外侧依次称为第1~5跖骨. 每块跖骨也可分为底、体和头三部分. 趾骨(phalanges of toes)共14节,其中趾为2节,其余各趾均为3节. 分为底、体、滑车(头)三部分.
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metatarsal tubercle:跖结
跖肌膜 metatarsal fascia | 跖结 metatarsal tubercle | 跖骨;跖;跖节 metatarsus; metatarsal bone
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metatarsal pad:跖垫
\\"跖部的\\",\\"metatarsal\\" | \\"跖垫\\",\\"metatarsal pad\\" | \\"跖趾的\\",\\"metatarsophalangeal\\"
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metatarsal bone; metatarsus:跖骨
跖部的 metatarsal | 跖骨 metatarsal bone; metatarsus | 跖肌膜 metatarsal fascia
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metatarsus; metatarsal bone:跖骨;跖;跖节
跖结 metatarsal tubercle | 跖骨;跖;跖节 metatarsus; metatarsal bone | 丘脑后部 metathalamus
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plantar aponeurositis:跖腱膜炎
plantar aponeurosis 足底腱膜,跖腱膜 | plantar aponeurositis 跖腱膜炎 | plantar aponeurotomy 跖腱膜切开术
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Commelina:鸭跖草属
中文摘要 一、鸭跖草化学成分的研究 鸭跖草 (Commelina communis L.) 是鸭跖草科 (Commelinaceae) 鸭跖草属 (Commelina) 植物, 具有清热解毒、利水消肿等功能.
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commelina communis:鸭跖草 [鸭跖草科] [鸭跖草属]
侧柏 (柏科 侧柏属) Platycladus oriatalis | 鸭跖草 (鸭跖草科 鸭跖草属) Commelina communis | 野鸭椿 (省沽油科 野鸭椿属) Euscaphis japonica
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Commelinaceae:鸭跖草科
分类地位:鸭跖草科(Commelinaceae)是被子植物门、单子叶植物纲、鸭跖草亚纲、鸭跖草目的一科. 经济价值:该科植物有不少种类供药用,如鸭跖草属的鸭跖草、饭包草等. 鸭跖草全草入药,含有飞燕草苷(delphinin,为飞燕草素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷)、粘液质等.
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Ossa metatarsi:跖骨
2.跖骨(ossa metatarsi) 相当于手的掌骨,共5根,由内向外侧依次称第1至第5跖骨. 每根跖骨均分为后端的跖骨底、中部的跖骨体和前端的跖骨头三部分,第5跖骨的底特别粗大称第5跖骨粗隆. 力(体重)的传导主要经第1和第5跖骨,着力点均在骨的头部.