质体基因

基本解释 (translations)

plastogene

与质体基因相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Methods: Genes of MCP and DAF were connected by 10aa coding sequence of enriching Gly and Ser. Then insert into pcDAN3.1 vector, constituting pcDNA-MD3 expression plasmid of hMCP-DAF fusion gene. The genes were transformed by liposome into the pig endothelial cell; human serum handles masculine cloning, identify the function that restrain breaking of person alexin.

将MCP、DAF两个基因以富含Gly和Ser的10aa编码序列作铰链串接，并接入表达载体pcDNA 3.1中，构成含hMCP-DAF的真核表达质粒(pcDNA-MD3)；以脂质体转染猪内皮细胞，人血清处理阳性克隆细胞，鉴定抑制人补体溶破的功能；应用显微注射将线性基因导入猪受精卵；PCR检测导入基因整合率。

Wtp53 has obvious antiblastic effect towards Y79 cells, and the apoptosis rate of Y79 cells was the highest after transfection mediated by ultrasound-microbubble.

结论wtp53基因对RB瘤细胞具有较明显的抑制生长的作用；质粒+微泡+超声辐照，质粒+脂质体转染，以及质粒+超声辐照，均可促进Y79细胞的凋亡，但超声微泡介导的转染引起的凋亡率高于脂质体转染，而二者的凋亡率又明显高于质粒+超声转染。

Gracilis were applied to investigate the effect of proplastid on adaptability, in which such structure was found to be important to the competitiveness during heterotrophic growth in the dark; 2 a new procedure for differential display technology was developed and used to study the influence of plastid on nuclear gene expression, with which it was shown that the loss of plastid could cause remarkable changes in expression of certain nuclear genes.

本文主要有两点突出之处：1）应用裸藻褪色突变株与野生型的生长竞争实验探讨了原质体对于裸藻的适应意义，发现在黑暗环境和异养生长条件下原质体对于细胞的生存竞争有重要作用；2）改进了一种差异显示技术并利用该技术来研究质体的有无对基因表达的影响，证明质体丢失可导致某些核基因表达的显著变化。

Plastid gene engineering has become a new way for plant genetic improvements, particularly showing a unique application value in the use of plants as reactors to produce biopharmaceuticals and other important organic compounds.

质体基因工程已成为植物遗传改良的新途径，尤其在利用植物作为反应器合成积累药用蛋白等重要有机化合物方面有独特的应用价值。

Recombinant plasmid pSVH 7 DNA of avian influenza virus H7 subtype heamagglutinin gene was encapsulated with DC-chol/DOPE liposomes and PC/chol/SA liposomes separately. Two-week old SPF chickens were intramuscularly inoculated with 50 μ g/0.2ml of the liposome entrapped PSVH 7 DNA. Four-weeks later, each chicken was challenged with 0.1ml 〓 AIV . One week after the challenge, the secretion of the cloacas was collected and transfected to chicken embryos to isolate the virus. The virus was isolated from 6/6 of the control group, 1/6 of the naked DNA group, 1/6 of the PC/chol/SA entrapped DNA group and 0/6 of the DC-chol/DOPE liposome entrapped group. The HI antibody titers (log2) of the four groups were 6. 83±0.98, 7. 0±1. 26, 7. 83±1. 17 and 8. 00±0.89 respectively 1-week after challenge, and 8. 5±0.55, 8. 17±0.82, 8. 68±0.45 and 9. 33±0.54 respectively 2-week after challenge. The results showed that inoculation of liposome entrapped DNA significantly enhanced resistance to virosis in animals.

将含禽流感病毒H7亚型血凝素基因的重组质粒pSVH7用DC-chol阳离子脂质体和胆固醇／卵磷脂／十八胺脂质体包裹，免疫2周龄SPF鸡，4周后用同型禽流感病毒进行人工感染，1周后采集泄殖腔分泌物分离病毒，结果未免疫组6／6分离到病毒，裸质粒DNA免疫组1／6分离到病毒胆固醇／卵磷脂／十八胺脂质体包裹DNA免疫组1／6分离到病毒，DC-chol脂质体DNA免疫组没有分离到病毒（0／6）：人工感染后1周各组的HI抗体（Log2）分别为6.38±0.98，7.00±1.26，7.83±1.17，8.00±0.89，2周后为8.50±0.55，8.67±0.82，8.68±0.45，9.33±0.52，脂质体包裹组在同期均高于未免疫组和裸DNA免疫组，表明脂质体包裹质粒DNA免疫动物后，能增加动物对病毒感染的抵抗力和反应能力。

METHODS: MyoD cDNA fragments were extracted from plasmids pEMSV-MyoD with polymerase chain reaction, and PCR was used to clone the whole-length gene of MyoD. After adding CACC sequence at 5' end, MyoD gene was cloned by orient topology into transfer ventor, pENTR/D-TOPO. Objective gene was transferred into adenoviral expression vector DNA via pENTR/D-TOPO vector. The recombinant adenoviral vectors transfected into HEK293A cells by using lipofectamine were packaged and amplified.

从pEMSV-MyoD质粒上用聚合酶链反应法扩增出MyoD cDNA片段，再通过聚合酶链反应使MyoD基因加上CACC序列接头，经过定向拓扑克隆使目的基因连接到转移载体上，再通过LR酶促反应，将目的基因转移到腺病毒表达载体DNA上，获得MyoD基因重组的腺病毒DNA，用脂质体转染法转染HEK293A细胞，包装扩增出MyoD基因重组的腺病毒。

The stable clones are further identified by RT-PCR and Western blot; 6 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of cells (AGS, SGC7901, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 7 Soft agar assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the clonality of cells (AGS, MKN28); 8 Nude mice assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28); 9 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell cycle distribution of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 10 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell apoptosis of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3); 11 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR) in vitro; 12 SRCA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of gastric cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR) in vivo; 13 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on adriamycin accumulation of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR); 14 Transmission electron microscope is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of SGC7901 cells towards drug-induced apoptosis; 15 Flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay are used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60/VCR) towards drug-induced apoptosis; 16 Microarray is used to investigate the profiling of ZNRD1-responsive genes in gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28, SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR); 17 RT-PCR and Western blot are used to identify the results of microarray; 18 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of cyclin D1; 19 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of MDR1; 20 Kinase assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the activity of cyclin E-CDK2 kinase; 21 The antisensenucleic acids of p21 is used to inhibit the expression of p21, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p21 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 22 The antisensenucleic acids of p27 is used to inhibit the expression of p27, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p27 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 23 Liposome is used to up-regulate the expression of Skp2, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of Skp2 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 24 Western blot is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the stability of Skp2 and p27 in gastric cancer cells; 25 MVD assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the angiopoietic activity of gastric cancer cells; 26 ELISA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the expression of VEGF165 in gastric cancer cells; 27 The roles of DARPP-32 in MDR of gastric cancer cells are investigated using gene transfection, MTT assay, SRCA, flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay.

应用杂交瘤技术制备ZNRD1的首个单克隆抗体；2）利用RT-PCR、Western blot和免疫组化检测ZNRD1在胃癌组织、胃炎组织、正常胃上皮组织、胃癌细胞和正常胃组织上皮细胞中的表达；3）构建ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体，并测序鉴定；4）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的真核表达载体及其空载体转染胃癌细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28）和小鼠成纤维细胞（NIH3T3），G418筛选后进行鉴定；5）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体及其空载体转染药敏胃癌细胞（SGC7901）、正常胃组织上皮细胞（GES-1）、对长春新碱耐药的胃癌细胞（SGC7901/VCR）、药敏白血病细胞（HL-60）、对长春新碱耐药的白血病细胞（HL-60/VCR），G418筛选后进行鉴定；6）利用MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）生长的影响；7）通过软琼脂克隆形成实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞克隆形成能力的影响；8）通过裸鼠成瘤实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞体内成瘤性的影响；9）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）的细胞周期的影响；10）通过流式细胞仪分析上调ZNRD1对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3）的凋亡的影响；11）通过MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）体外药物敏感性的影响；12）通过肾包膜下移植法检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR）体内药物敏感性的影响；13）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）内阿霉素蓄积和泵出的影响；14）通过透射电镜检测上调ZNRD1对SGC7901细胞凋亡敏感性的影响；15）通过流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60）凋亡敏感性的影响；16）通过基因芯片检测ZNRD1高/低表达对胃癌细胞内基因表达谱的影响；17）利用RT-PCR、Western blot对基因芯片的结果进行鉴定；18）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1对cyclin D1的启动子活性的调节作用；19）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对MDR1的启动子活性的调节作用；20）利用激酶试验检测ZNRD1对cyclin E-CDK2 激酶活力的影响；21）利用反义核酸技术抑制p21的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p21对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；22）利用反义核酸技术抑制p27的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p27对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；23）利用脂质体转染法上调Skp2的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测上调Skp2对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；24）利用Western blot检测ZNRD1对p27和Skp2的蛋白稳定性的影响；25）利用微血管密度实验检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞裸鼠移植瘤微血管形成的影响；26）利用ELISA检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞培养上清和移植瘤匀浆中VEGF165含量的影响；27）利用脂质体转染法、MTT实验、肾包膜下移植法、流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测新耐药相关分子DARPP-32对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、对阿霉素耐药的胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR）多药耐药表型的影响；利用脂质体转染法和MTT实验检测下调ZNRD1对DARPP-32介导的胃癌多药耐药的调控作用。

The CD59 gene and MCP gene were mixed with liposome, then used to produce transgenic mice by 3 methods. Firstly, the gene/ liposome complex was directly injected into 5 male mice's testis. The 5 transfected males copulated with 25 females each 7 days later.

将分别含CD59基因和MCP基因的表达载体与脂质体混合制成基因-脂质体复合物，分别采用睾丸注射、输精管注射和精子/基因-脂质体复合物共孵育三种方法生产转双基因小鼠。

Here, we demonstrated in this work that CsrA performs a negative regulator of the cel expression. cel, encoding lysis protein (LysE7), is located downstream of the colicin E7 structural gene in the ColE7 operon. Lysis protein was essential for colicin release and causes a decline in culture turbidity as well as lethality of the host cell when overproduced. Western blotting analysis of the level of LysE7 in the wild-type and csrA mutant strains was examined.

在本论文中，我们进一步发现到CsrA对於cel 基因的表现具有抑制的现象。cel 基因位在质体ColE7-K317上的E7大肠杆菌操纵子，可以制造出溶菌蛋白质(lysis protein， LysE7)，协助大肠杆菌素及免疫蛋白质的复合体运送至菌体外；但当菌体产生过多的溶菌蛋白质，则会导致宿主细胞的死亡，所以溶菌蛋白质的表现必须受到严密的调控，避免菌体产生过量，而CsrA则是目前第一个被发现到能调控溶菌蛋白质表现的因子。

The transfection efficiency of the nanocomposite was superior to that of cationic liposome gene complex to transfect colorectal cancer cells.

该基因纳米复合物转染大肠癌细胞的效果强于阳离子脂质体基因复合物。

与质体基因相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

chromatin bridge：染色质桥

Barr body 巴氏小体 | chromatin bridge 染色质桥 | genonema, genophoer 基因线又称"基因带".

gene transfer：基因转染

真核细胞的基因转染(gene transfer) 是研究基因功能的有效手段之一. 转染基因包括质粒DNA , RNA 和寡核苷酸. 转染分为瞬时转染(DNA 导入宿主细胞的核中但不整合到染色体中) 和稳定转染(DNA 整合到宿主细胞的染色体中或形成附加体) ,

mutable gene：易变基因

德莫斯报告在果蝇内有许多易变基因(mutable gene). 1950年代麦克林塔克(Barbara McClintock)指出玉米可能含有某种遗传物质,称为跳跃基因组,例如在细菌中跳跃基因组可把抗生素抵抗力由一个质体(plasmid)移转到另一个质体,

Pathogenicity：病原性

三、质体的生物特性:目前已知的质体,所携带的基因种类及数目均少,不外乎抗药性(drug resistance)基因、性别因子(sex factor)、抗重金属元素(resistance toheavy metal)基因、病原性(pathogenicity)因子等等,这些基因对生长在正常环境下的细菌都是可有可无的,

plasmagene：(胞)质基因

\\"原生质胶凝体\\",\\"plasmagel\\" | \\"(胞)质基因\\",\\"plasmagene\\" | \\"原生质胶溶体\\",\\"plasmasol\\"

plastogene：质体基因

plastocyanin 质体蓝素 | plastogene 质体基因 | plastoquinone 质体醌

cationic liposomes：脂质体

阳离子脂质体(cationic liposomes)作为反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸()等基因治疗药物的一种传递系统,其优点早已为人所识,它主要通过电荷作用有效的将带负电荷的核酸等药物结合到脂质体表面或包裹在内部,这样既提高了载药率,同时又保护核酸免受核酸酶的攻击.

Plasmids：质粒

原核性复制体分为原核染色体、质粒(plasmids)和噬菌体基因体(phagegenome)等三类. 其中质粒的基因体和原核染色体类似,是由双绞鍊DNA构成,并以超卷曲的形式存在. 它们的基因体约由2,000至150,000个碱基对组成,绝大多数呈环状,

plasmid：質體

现有的载体主要有以下数种:(1) 质体(plasmid)载体DNA疫苗最常用的设计是利用双股环状的质体(plasmid)来当作载体. 一般是将微生物具有抗原性的基因放入质体中. 为使该质体可以大量表现该基因,产生大量的蛋白质产物,

plasmasol：原生质胶溶体

\\"(胞)质基因\\",\\"plasmagene\\" | \\"原生质胶溶体\\",\\"plasmasol\\" | \\"细胞体\\",\\"plasmid\\"