调控

词组短语

regulate and control

与调控相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Based on analysis of theory and operation systems of customs duty, established socialist market economy, present situation of tax regulation, and being a member of WTO, this article have proposed a way and measure of customs duty when China entry into the WTO to promote development of society and economy in China.

本文在分析海关税收调控的理论依据、运行机制的基础上，重点探讨了在我国建设社会主义市场经济和我国即将加入世界贸易组织的背景下，作为国家宏观调控重要组成部分的海关税收调控的现状，结合实际分析其中存在的问题与制约因素，提出了促进我国社会经济发展和顺应我国加入WTO，完善海关税收调控的对策和措施。

The correct understanding of the justiciability of macro-control conduct depends on the correct definition to the attribute of macro-control conduct and macro-control law. It depend on the legal duty of the government when it actualize macro-control.

而宏观调控法的可诉性问题的正确认识又依赖于对宏观调控及宏观调控法本身属性的正确界定，以及对作为宏观调控法调控主体的政府责任的界定。

The study contains four sections:(1) growth-impact and toxic-symptom of single and compound pollution of Cd and Pb in soil of potherb mustard;(2) effects of different fertilizations on biochemical and psychotic response of potherb mustard;(3) effects of different fertilizations on photosynthetic characteristics of potherb mustard ;(4) effects of different fertilizations on biological effectiveness of heavy metals in soil.

本文主要研究内容包括四个方面：(1)不同水质污水灌溉对雪里蕻生长及其吸收重金属的影响；(2)不同调控措施对雪里蕻生理生化特性的影响；(3)不同调控措施对雪里蕻光和特性的特性的影响；(4)不同调控调控措施对土壤重金属生物有效性的影响。

Results are as followed:1 Exposure of HELF cells to BP caused c-Jun activation,and increased the activity of MAPK,PI-3K,p53 and cyclin D1 pathway.2 BP-induced c-Jun activation was inhibited by dominant negative mutants of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase or c-Jun NH_2-terminal kinase,but not by p38,impling that JNK and ERK pathways medicate c-Jun activation induced by BP.3 Overexpression of dominant-negative mutants PI-3K and Akt potently blocked phosphorylations of c-Jun and ERK,but not JNK in response to BP,suggesting that PI-3K/Akt pathway positively regulates BP-induced c-Jun activation through ERK.4 Inhibition of p53 by its chemical or molecular inhibitor markedly increased the phosphorylation levels of c-Jun,Akt and ERK upon BP stimulation,indicating that p53 negatively medicates BP-induced c-Jun activation through PI-3K/Akt/ERK pathway.5 The cell lines expressed TAM67 exhibits no significant affecting normal cell growth properties.6 TAM67 was able to significantly block G_1-S transition and subsequent cell proliferation,suggesting that c-Jun is essential for cell cycle alternations elicited by BP.7 Overexpression of TAM67 impaired BP-induced cyclin D1 activation,decreasing expression of E2F1 and pRb,indicating that c-Jun participates in the modulation of BP-induced activation of cyclin D1/pRb/E2F1 pathway.8 Stably expression of TAM67 led to the increases in the expression levels of p53 and p21,elevating phosphorylation level of p53,clearly indicating that c-Jun regulates p53/p21 pathway activation induced by BRCollectively,PI3K/Akt/ERK pathway mediated BP-induced c-Jun activation through p53-dependent mechanism.

结果显示：1BP刺激细胞可促进c-Jun活化，并伴随着MAPK、PI-3K、p53和cyclinD1通路各组成成分的活性增强。2利用MAPK通路的显性失活突变体分别阻断细胞外信号调节激酶和c-Jun氨基末端激酶活性，均可明显抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，但阻断p38活性对BP引起的c-Jun活化无明显影响，提示JNK和ERK通路参与调控BP诱导的c-Jun活化。3过表达PI-3K和Akt的显性失活突变体也可显著抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，并降低磷酸化ERK的表达水平，但对磷酸化JNK的表达水平无明显影响，说明PI-3K/Akt通路通过ERK正性调控了BP诱导的c-Jun活化。4p53的化学/分子抑制剂能使BP作用的细胞内c-Jun活性明显增加，并同时诱导Akt和ERK的磷酸化水平的升高，表明p53可通过PI-3K/Akt/ERK通路对BP诱导的c-Jun活化进行负性调控。5随后观察转染细胞的生长情况，发现TAM67对细胞正常生长和形态无明显影响。6稳定表达TAM67可有效抑制BP诱导的S期细胞数的增加，提示c-Jun在BP致细胞周期改变的过程中发挥了重要作用。7TAM67过表达能够抑制BP诱导的cyclin D1活化，降低磷酸化Rb以及E2F1蛋白表达水平，表明c-Jun参与调控BP诱导的cyclin D1/Rb/E2F1通路的活化。8过表达TAM67可使BP刺激的细胞中p53、p21总蛋白以及p53磷酸化的表达水平明显升高，可见c-Jun也参与调控BP诱导的p53/p21通路活化。

In this study, the genomic structure and regulatory elements of ApoD from 10 representive species including protozoan, invertebrate, protochordate and vertebrate were analyzed and compared. The genomic structure of ApoD is less conserved in organisms from protostome to deuterostome invertebrates, while it is highly conserved among chordates including amphioxus and verebrates. All four conserved cysteine residues are present in amino acid sequence of deuterostome ApoDs, while there are only two cysteine residues in amino acid sequence of protostomes ApoD. Structure divergence between protostome and deuterostome ApoD proteins suggests their function difference. The majority of regulatory elements are present in nearly all organism ApoD genes ranging from unicellular protozoan to mammals, suggesting that ApoD plays a very fundamental role, and possesses a conserved regulatory mechanism. However, there also exist some specific regulatory elements, which are present only in certain species and may perform some special roles.ApoD mRNA expression in murine NIH/3T3 fibroblasts exposed to various stresses such as as hydrogen peroxide and UV light shows dose-dependent increase. And a fly homolog of ApoD, Glial Lazarillo, whose overexpression results in increased resistance to hyperoxia as well as a extension of lifespan under normoxia and resistance to starvation without altering lipid or protein content.

本文首先从生物信息学角度对分属于原生动物、无脊椎动物、头索动物和脊椎动物类群的10种动物ApoD的基因结构及调控区的调控元件进行分析及比较，发现：(1)ApoD基因外显子-内含子结构从原生动物草履虫到原口动物再到后口动物海胆的进化过程中不保守，但在分析的几种脊椎动物中相当保守；(2)文昌鱼ApoD基因扮演从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物承上启下的角色，可能代表了脊椎动物ApoD基因原型；(3)四个半胱氨酸保守位点在后口动物中都存在，而在原口动物中只存在两个，原口、后口动物ApoD蛋白一级结构上的差异反映蛋白功能上可能也存在一定差别；(4)调控区大多数主要调控元件为不同动物共有，说明ApoD主要功能及其表达调控在进化中相当保守；(5)ApoD基因个别调控元件是随着物种进化而出现并开始发挥相关作用，如SF-1；还有一些调控元件在进化过程中还没有发现其规律，这说明ApoD某些功能和基因表达调控模式可能因物种不同而存在一定的差异。

①Rat MSC and VSMC were cultured and identified, respectively. MSC were labeled with DAPI firstly, and then co-cultivated with VSMC. The changes of morphology and ultrastructure of co-cultured cells were observed. Immunfluorescence analysis was performed by using monoclonal antibodies against specific antigen.②We established the regulatable system in two steps: a stable MSC line expressing rtTA has been constructed and characterized firstly by transfected with pUHD 17-1hyg and then selected by hygromycin B; in a second step, this line was used for trandfer the AT2R gene to MSC to get the well establishing double stable MSC lines;③The expression of AT2R regulated by doxycycline was evaluated by western blot;④The MSCs were transduced into rat carotid arteries with regulatable AT2R gene after the establishment of rat carotid balloon injury restenosis model. The intimal/medial area ratio were measured by digital analysis system.

研究方法：(1)密度梯度离心法及胶原酶消化法分别培养原代大鼠MSC及VSMC，细胞共培养并行免疫荧光化学染色和透射电镜观察超微结构；(2)组成受Dox调控的哺乳动物表达系统的四种成分的转化、扩增及提纯并酶切鉴定；(3)采用常规分子生物学方法连续两个回合转染体外培养的MSC，并分别采用发光计检测不同细胞克隆萤光素酶活性改变以及RT-PCR方法检测AT2R目的基因mRNA表达情况，根据各个细胞克隆受Dox调控表达的程度，选择低背景、高诱导表达AT2R的细胞系，作为双重稳定MSC细胞系；蛋白免疫印迹法观察该细胞系在Dox调控下AT2R表达的时相性、持续性及在不同浓度Dox调控下的表达情况；(4)建立大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤动物模型，将双重稳定MSC在术中导入血管，分别于14 d、28 d进行病理切片，检测可调控AT2R对新生内膜增生的影响；采用RT-PCR免疫组织化学免疫荧光等技术观察AT2R基因在新生内膜中的表达以及细胞外基质成分表达的改变，TUNEL法检测血管组织中细胞凋亡的变化情况。

Against such background, the central government has launched three large-scale real estate macro-regulatory policies from 2004 to this year. But the time and again regulation exactly showed the effective problem, This article is precisely embarks from this perspective, via to the dissertating to the real estate macroeconomic regulation system and combining to the limitation of the regulation policy system, the author proposes that it is vital that the policy tool choice to solve these flaws, and devotes to construct the real estate macroeconomic regulation and control policy system, which is based on the real estate tax.

在这样的背景下，中央政府在2004至今推出三次大规模的房地产宏观调控政策，但是一次又一次的调控恰恰说明调控政策的有效性问题，本文正是从这一角度出发，通过对房地产宏观调控体系的论述，结合我国房地产宏观调控政策体系的缺陷，提出了政策工具选择对于解决这些缺陷的重要意义，并致力于构建以房地产税为基础的房地产宏观调控政策体系，明确提出了通过房地产税制改革以及保障措施的辅助突出房地产税在宏观调控中的基础地位，并针对房地产税制改革的重点，也是房地产税体现基础性调控地位的关键点，即不动产税的开征问题进行专门论述。

This study demonstrates optically and spatially band-tunable color cone lasers based on DDCLC cells with a photoisomerizable chiral dopant. The band-tunability is attributable to the recovery of the helix of the CLC resulted from the trans-cis isomerization induced decrease of the helical twisting power of the chiral dopant.The more the chiral cis-isomers are produced, the larger the tuned lasing band is.

本文主要藉由在胆固醇液晶射中加入可光致同素构化亲手性材，使胆固醇液晶所输出的彩色锥角射波段可光调控及空间调控，其射输出波段可调控的机制是由於当同素构化反应产生后，光致同素构化亲手性材的HTP值低并造成胆固醇液晶距改变，藉此间接调控输出的射波长，同素构化的程愈高，胆固醇液晶所输出的彩色锥角射波段可调控范围也愈大。

And ZNF397nf function as transcription repressors. The different transcriptional regulation activity of the nf isoforms and their interaction with the fu isoforms would contribute to the complexity of the transcription regulation. To further examine the biological function of interaction between different isoforms we also analyze the potential role of ZNF191 and ZNF434 on signaling pathway. We found that ZNF191fu can significantly enhance the HSE-luciferase activity, while ZNF434fu can enhance the AP1-luciferase activity, then we analyze whether the nf isoforms have impact on the fu isoforms.

而这些成员的nf剪接本与它们对应的fu剪接本的转录调控功能有所不同，其中ZNF191nf与ZNF434nf剪接本的转录调控活性相对它们的fu剪接本显著降低，呈现较弱的转录抑制作用，但ZNF447nf剪接本却呈现出显著的转录激活作用，同时ZNF397nf剪接本则表现出显著的转录抑制作用，ZNF396nf剪接本的转录调控作用与其fu剪接本相当。nf剪接本这种与fu剪接本不尽相同的转录调控活性以及能与fu剪接本互作的能力，大大增加了转录调控作用的复杂性，这使得通过少量的转录因子作用来实现众多基因时空表达的不同成为可能。

Simply assuming that under different conditions, gene expression levels have three regulation states, i.e., up-regulation, down-regulation and non-regulation states, we can probabilistically establish a model of gene regulation states to compute gene regulation probabilities under different conditions.

简单假设在两种不同的实验条件下被调控的基因表达水平表现为三种调控状态，即上调控状态、下调控状态和非显著调控状态，我们使用概率统计方法对基因调控状态进行建模。在该模型的基础上，我们应用三种参数概率估计方法对基因调控概率进行估计。

与调控相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

cis acting：顺式调控

纤毛 cilia | 顺式调控 cis-acting | 顺反测验 cis-trans test

economic community：经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控

Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化 | Economic community 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 | Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控

cell cycle control：细胞周期调控

单周期控制:One-Cycle Control | 细胞周期调控:cell cycle control | 单向多口控制:Cycle single exit control

GI Hormones and Endocrine Pancreas:Expressional Regulation：(胃肠激素与内分泌胰腺:表达调控)

GI-CGRP(Calcitonin-Gene Related Peptide,胃肠降钙素... | GI Hormones and Endocrine Pancreas:Expressional Regulation(胃肠激素与内分泌胰腺:表达调控) | GI Hormones and Endocrine Pancreas:Growth(胃肠激素与内...

florescence regulate：花期调控

花期调控:Florescence regulation | 花期调控:florescence regulate | 在线电生试剂:Florescence

macroeconomic fundamentals：宏观调控

macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况 | macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控 | bank汇率并轨 unification

high-profile moves：全面的调控措施

financial reforms金融改革 | high-profile moves全面的调控措施 | move n.to attempt to seize control of控制:想要掌握控制权

Strengthen macro-control：加强宏观调控

MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 | Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控 | Soft landing 软着路

Strengthen macro-control：加强宏观调控 Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控

173 1 MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控 | 175 1 Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控 Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控 | 176 1 Soft landing 软着路 Soft landing 软着路

transcriptional control：转录调控

在真核细胞内的基因表现是经由一连串复杂的调控机制来完成,在细胞核内主要的控制机制是转录调控 (transcriptional control) 和讯息核醣核酸合成调控 (mRNA processing control) ,当讯息核醣核酸 (mRNA) 合成后就会经由调控某些蛋白质运送到细胞质或特定的区域来进行蛋白合成,