证据

基本解释 (translations)

attestation  ·  evidence  ·  proof  ·  proofs  ·  telltale  ·  testimony  ·  witness  ·  proo  ·  testation  ·  evidenced  ·  evidences  ·  evidencing  ·  proofed  ·  testimonies  ·  witnessed  ·  witnesses  ·  confirmations  ·  Proof

词组短语

paper book · collateral evidence

与证据相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

The credibility of a witness may be attacked or supported by evidence in the form of opinion or reputation, but subject to these limitations:(1) the evidence may refer only to character for truthfulness or untruthfulness, and (2) evidence of truthful character is admissible only after the character of the witness for truthfulness has been attacked by opinion or reputation evidence or otherwise.

对证人的可靠性可以通过意见证据或名声证据的形式予以质疑或支持，但受下列限制：(1)证据只能针对可信或不可信的品行，并且(2)关于可信品行的证据，只能在该证人的可信品行已受到意见证据或名声证据或其他证据的质疑之后，才具有可采性。

Third, the analysis to the content and constitute of the rule of efficient criminal evidence in China. The material contents of the rule of criminal evidence in national law include three parts: the rule of achieving evidence and the rule of providing evidence and the rule of affirming evidence. In this part, through the assay of the content and composing of the rule of criminal evidence, the penman expounds the shortage of current law in China.

比找国刑事证据制度本部分通过对刑事诉讼证据制度内容构成分析，指出我国现行关于刑事诉讼证据法律规定的不足之处；四、我国现行刑事证据制度的改革和完善；分析我国现行刑事证据制度的不足，针对刑事审判的实际，提出几点改革和完善的意见：设立污点证人'制度；确立非法证据有限排除规则；完善证人出庭制度。

The rules regulating confession of defendants have developed from "the king of evidence" to acquittal without corroborative evidences. With the development of justice of procedure and the protection of human rights,the rule of corroborative evidence has changed from the substantial rules to the exceptional modal rule of the free evaluation of evidence.

口供由历史上的"证据之王"生成的"无供不录案"证据规则到口供未经补强不得定案的证据法则，出现了口供证据适用的反叛；随着诉讼程序正当化和人权保障的深入，补强证据法则也由强化自由心证的实质规则转化为自由心证的例外形式规则，实现了口供证据适用的超越式革命。

The rules regulating confession of defendants have developed from"the king of evidence"to acquittal without corroborative evidences.With the development of justice of procedure and the protection of human rights,the rule of corroborative evidence has changed from the substantial rules to the exceptional modal rule ofthe free evaluation of evidence.

口供由历史上的"证据之王"生成的"无供不录案"证据规则到口供未经补强不得定案的证据法则，出现了口供证据适用的反叛；随着诉讼程序正当化和人权保障的深入，补强证据法则也由强化自由心证的实质规则转化为自由心证的例外形式规则，实现了口供证据适用的超越式革命。

A new model used to represent interrelated evidences in DSmT framework was proposed. In this model, two dependent evidences were considered resulted from orthogonal sum of one dependent original evidence and two independent original evidences, respectively. Combining the two dependent evidences can be reduced to an orthogonal sum of the two independent original evidences and the dependent original evidence.

提出了在DSm理论框架中表示相关证据的一种模型，其中两个相关证据各由一个独立源证据和一个相关源证据正交和合成，相关证据的合成就归结为这两个独立源证据和这个相关源证据的正交和合成。

Firstly, Dempster-Shafer is developed by not only considering the certainty of the evidence, but also considering the average support of the evidence to different subsets in the assignment framework so that it can give more reliable combination result. Secondly, amplitude ratio feature and Euclid distance of the probability density distribution function in Pearson graph from different temporal SAR images are extracted to present change feathers in different scales. Finally, the improved Dempster-Shafer algorithm is applied to fuse the two different features to detect change information of SAR images.

首先通过综合考虑证据本身的确信度和证据对辨别框架中子集的平均支持度进行证据间的加权合成，改进证据理论对证据的合成，提高其可靠性；然后提取不同时相图像间的散射幅度的对比度和概率密度分布函数在皮尔逊图中的欧式距离，两种特征参数代表了像元级和区域级不同空间尺度下微波遥感图像中关于地表变化的信息；最后将改进的证据理论用于两特征之间的融合处理，得到地表的变化信息。

In this paper, a new conflict coefficient is presented. First, the deficiency of the classical conflictive coefficient is analyzed. Then, the distance function between evidences is introduced. A new model to represent conflict is constructed with the distance function and the classical conflictive coefficient. Finally, numerical examples verify the efficiency of the proposed method.

针对这一问题，首先分析了证据理论中经典冲突系数的不足，引入证据距离函数表示证据之间的差异性，结合经典冲突系数一起提出了一种新的证据冲突表示方法，克服了经典证据理论冲突系数的不足，能更有效地度量证据的冲突程度，最后通过算例验证了该方法的有效性。

Chapter 1 analyzes the concept of evidentiary adjudication principle, and points out the disadvantages and advantages of evidentiary adjudication principle. Chapter 1 also expounds the inner character of evidence namely both probative power and evidential ability and reveals the important sense of how to use evidences based on the relation of probative power and evidential ability to prove the fact of the cases.

第一章对证据裁判主义的概念进行解析，指出证据裁判主义的优势和缺陷，同时对证据的内在品格证明力与证据能力进行阐述，揭示证明力与证据能力之间的关系对于正确运用证据来证明案件事实的重要意义。

This chapter also explains,with theexamples of judicial practice,the application of the law of eliminating the evidence,whichis divided into two categories:(1)confession evidence,which is subdivided intoconfession evidence of the accused and confession evidence of the one other than theaccused;(2)material evidence(i.e.non-confessional evidence),bugging evidence,poligraph test evidence,etc.

并以司法实践说明证据排除法则的应用，将之分为关于陈述证据，内容再细分为被告之陈述证据、被告以外之陈述证据、关于物的证据、窃听证据、测谎证据等类别，加以深入探讨程序公正证据法则的效力。

Anglo-American scholars think evidence rules should be aimed to admissibility of evidence, while Chinese scholars think evidence rules should be to evidential operation such as collecting evidence, producing evidence, impeaching evidence, recognizing evidence, etc. In Anglo-American law system those evidence rules which regulate competency of evidence are the key rules, while in China those rules regulating competency of evidence plays an equal important role together with those rules regulating power of evidence.

其一，英美学者理解的证据规则针对证据的可采性，而中国学者的理解则侧重于规范证据的运行；其二，证据发达国家的证据规则以规范证据能力的规则为主，中国的证据立法中对规范证据能力的证据规则与规范证据力的证据规则两者孰主孰次的问题却采取了模棱两可的态度，甚至出现了以规范证据证明力规则为主的倾向。

与证据相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

anecdotal evidence：轶事证据

1.轶事证据(Anecdotal evidence)是粗浅的证据,经常以故事形式出现:比如"我记得那时......","我听说......". 轶事是出了名的不准确. 我们最好将这类证据用于激发深入研究的动机. 2.临床证据(Clinical evidence)是治疗期间收集的证据.

audit evidence：审计证据

审计证据(audit evidence)是审计人员在执行某项审计业务的过程中,为形成审计意见而获取的各种凭据. 审计证据对整个审计工作是十分重要的,审计意见和审计结论必须以审计证据为基础,离开审计证据而得出的任何审计意见和审计结论都是不切实际的、不能令人信赖的.

documentary evidence：书面证据

其中,书面证据(Documentary Evidence)又称文书证据,可分为三种,即书面陈述、文件证据和证言笔录. 最佳证据规则主要适用于文件证据. 根据最佳证据规则,文件证据的采用要用最好的、最直接的证据来证明一项事实. 当然,最佳证据规则适用于文字材料,

Exhibit：证据

证据是非辩论性的,并且,适合接收到证据中,该当事人可在初步程序安排中规定的到期日或以前,随每一个此类证据,提出(1)说明宣誓人或受其指导的人准备证据的书面陈述(affidavit),和(2)在听证会上无证人而将证据(exhibit)接收到证据(evi

hearsay evidence：传闻证据,亦称传来证据,第三者证据

gross receipts of sale销售总收入 | hearsay evidence传闻证据,亦称传来证据,第三者证据 | hierarchy of precedents先例的等级体系

hearsay evidence：传来证据,道听途说证据 传闻证据

85 offer 发盘 要约 | 91,137-1 hearsay evidence 传来证据,道听途说证据 传闻证据 | 95 trust 托管金 信托

prima facie evidence：表面证据,初步证据 表面证据,初步证据

price fixing 价格垄断 价格垄断 | prima facie evidence 表面证据,初步证据 表面证据,初步证据 | prior convictions 前科 前科

Rebuttal evidence：反驳的证据; 反驳证据

primary evidence 主要证据 | rebuttal evidence 反驳的证据; 反驳证据 | rebutting evidence 反驳证据

corroborating evidence：佐证,确证的证据(也是一种附加的证据,这种证据使得提供的证据更为有利)

Corporate merger 公司合并 | Corroborating evidence 佐证,确证的证据(也是一种附加的证据,这种证据使得提供的证据更为有利) | Cost consumer 使消费者受到损失

direct evidence：直接证据

英美有的学者将"间接证据"(indirect evidence)与"直接证据"(direct evidence)作为一种分类的两个相对词,在"间接证据"中包含"情况证据"和"传闻证据".