胞内染色质

基本解释 (translations)

endochrome

与胞内染色质相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

In the normal group, electron microscopy showed normal chondrocytes were oval, and cells and cell membrane were intact. In cytoplasm, there were abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosome, and mitochondria with intact nucleus, and even chromatin. In the model group, chondrocytes exhibited obvious pyknosis and their shape was irregular. The areolae around cells disappeared; cell organs in cytoplasm coagulated to flaps which showed electron dense and was uneasy to observe; the shape of nucleus showed irregularity, and caryotin gathered densely.

电镜下正常对照组软骨细胞呈椭圆形，细胞及胞膜完整，包质内可见丰富的粗面内质网、高尔基体、线粒体，细胞核完整，染色质分布均匀；模型对照组软骨细胞明显固缩且外形不规则，细胞周晕消失，胞浆内细胞器凝成高电子密度的片状物不易分辨，细胞核不规则，染色质浓聚，散裂于核中。

The present studies showed that two cell populations were found in haemocytes: large cell with high granularity and small cell with low granularity by flow cytometry FCM on light scanttering pattern. Two distinct cell types were identified based on phase contrast microscope: one type of cell was dark and dioptric aberration, while the other was bright and dioptric strong. By Giemsa and H.E staining, cytoplasmic staining were heterogeneous and internal particles were obvious in one type of cell, while cytoplastic staining were homogeneous and internal particles were inexistent in the other type of cell. By transmission electron microscope, we found that the mitochondria, Golgi apparatus organelles were rich and internal particles were obvious in one type of cells, and contrary to the another cells.

流式细胞术光散射图谱显示血细胞被分两类，一类为颗粒度高的大细胞，另外一类为颗粒度低的小细胞；相差显微镜观察显示，血细胞可分为胞体暗、折光性差和胞体明亮、折光性强的两类； Giemsa和H.E染色显示细胞分为胞质染色不均一、胞内颗粒明显和胞质染色均一、胞内颗粒不明显的两类；透射电镜超薄切片观察显示，颗粒明显的细胞胞质内线粒体、高尔基体等细胞器较丰富，颗粒不明显的细胞胞质内细胞器较少；负染结果表明血细胞主要分为表面不光滑、突起明显和细胞表面光滑、突起较不明显的两类。

The neuron apoptotic cells were observed by their fragmented nuclei condensed chromatin, fragmented or condensed cytoplasm and floccule of mitochondrion in the control group after ischemia 90 min/ reperfusion 12 h; whereas the distribution of chromatin was well-proportioned, and normal mitochondrion and other organelle were observed in the Ginkgo Biloba Extract-treated group.

对照组缺血90 min再灌注12 h鼠脑组织电镜检查可见神经元细胞核染色质边聚，呈团块状，线粒体可见絮状结构改变；相同时限药物治疗组脑组织神经元细胞核染色质分布比较均匀，胞质内线粒体及其它细胞器基本正常。

RESULTS: There were many vacuoles and cracks in the cells, with heterochromatin margination, nuclear pycnosis and nuclear fragmentation. The high intensity pulsed electric fields caused damage in K562 cells, and the apoptotic percentage went up with the increase in frequency and intensity of PEF.

结果：经过高电压脉冲电场处理后的K562细胞，胞内出现大量空泡及裂隙，核内染色质向核周边聚集形成凋亡小体，呈典型细胞凋亡形态学改变；K562癌细胞的凋亡比例随着脉冲个数和电场强度的增加而增加。

The typical apoptotic morphological features appeared in MUTZ1 cells treated with 4 mmol/L VPA for 72 hours. Pyknosis of cells and nuclei, disintegration of nuclear chromatin and apoptotic body could be observed by light microscopy. Aggregation and margination of nuclear chromatin, concentration of plasm, increment of density and chromatin mass of irregular size could be observed by transmission electronmicroscope. The flow cytometric analysis indicated that the VPA could induce cell apoptosis, apoptosis rate increased in dosedependent manner, ratio of cells at G0/G1 phase increased and ratio of cells at S phase decreased in dosedependent manner, the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase.

结果显示： VPA对MUTZ1细胞的生长抑制作用呈现时间和剂量依赖性；经4 mmol/L VPA处理MUTZ1细胞72小时后，细胞呈现典型的凋亡形态特征，光学显微镜下可见凋亡细胞胞体固缩、核固缩、核碎裂及凋亡小体；透射电子显微镜下可见凋亡细胞核染色质边集、胞浆浓缩、密度增加，胞浆内大小不规则的染色质团块；流式细胞术结果表明，细胞凋亡率随着VPA浓度的增加而逐步增高，G0/G1期细胞比例随着VPA浓度的增加而逐渐增多，S期细胞比例逐渐减低，细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期。

The typical apoptotic morphological features appeared in MUTZ-1 cells treated with 4mmol/L VPA for 72hours. Pyknosis of cells and nuclei, disintegration of nuclear chromatin and apoptotic body could be observed by light microscopy. Aggregation and margination of nuclear chromatin, concentration of plasm, increment of density and chromatin mass of irregular size could be observed by transmission electronmicroscope. The flow cytometric analysis indicated that the VPA could induce cell apoptosis, apoptosis rate increased in dose-dependent manner, ratio of cells at G0/G1 phase increased and ratio of cells at S phase decreased in dose-dependent manner, the cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase.

结果显示：VPA对MUTZ-1细胞的生长抑制作用呈现时间和剂量依赖性；经4mmol/LVPA处理MUTZ-1细胞72小时后，细胞呈现典型的凋亡形态特征，光学显微镜下可见凋亡细胞胞体固缩、核固缩、核碎裂及凋亡小体；透射电子显微镜下可见凋亡细胞核染色质边集、胞浆浓缩、密度增加，胞装内大小不规则的染色质团块；流式细胞术结果表明，细胞凋亡率随着VPA浓度的增加而逐步增高，G0/G1期细胞比例随着VPA浓度的增加而逐渐增多，S期细胞比例逐渐减低，细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期。

Mitochondria was relatively little in size. Round primary lysosome with high electron-densed granules and secondary lysosome with high or low electron-densed granules were seen frequently. DCs contained many rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and ribosomes. The vacuoles with flocculent electron-densed granules were rare. Some special granules in cytoplasm were seen, whose surface like earphone were covered with a membrane. High electron-densed contents in the granules were near one side and the other side was bright. The nucleus became markedly small in volume, nephroid or hoofed in shape. The nucleus had little euchromatin and lots of heterochromatin under nuclear membrane.

子宫内膜癌组织DC超微结构特征如下：细胞形态不规则，与正常子宫内膜组织DC相比，胞膜较光滑，胞膜表面树突状胞浆突起显著减少，部分突起呈粗短状；胞质中线粒体相对少，圆形而电子密度高的初级溶酶体和不规则形且电子密度高低不一的次级溶酶体多见；高尔基体、粗面内质网、核糖体丰富；含微量絮状电子致密物的胞饮小泡显著减少；胞质中可见形态特殊的颗粒，该颗粒外周膜包裹，略呈圆形，中间部位稍弯曲，如耳机状，颗粒中由高电子致密物居于一侧，而另一侧则呈透亮状；胞核显著减小，居于胞质一侧，常呈肾形或马蹄形，核内常染色质较少，异染色质多边集于核膜下。

Results (1)ATP could inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells with inhibition rate over 43% after 48hour ATP treatment;(2)ATP treated U937 cells numbers increased obviously in G1 phase,and apoptosis peak appeared before G1 phase,apoptotic cell number was 3.4% for 24hour,and was 22.7% for 48hour of ATP treated U937 cells;(3) Nuclear chromatin condensed into sperical masses bound cytoplasma membrane formed apoptotic bodies which is shed from membrane surface into intercellular medium;(4) Apoptotic bodies were nigrosine staining negtive.

结果 (1)ATP对U937细胞的增殖有按摩明显的阻抑作用，加药48h后增殖的抑制率可达43%以上；(2)ATP处理的U937细胞周期发生改变，G1期细胞数按摩明显增多，ATP作用24h时G1期前出现亚二倍体峰——凋亡峰，凋亡细胞数为3.4%，作用48h时凋亡细胞数增多为22.7%；(3)ATP处理的U937细胞首先在核内染色质浓缩成半月形贴近核膜，逐渐向核膜外移动，进入胞浆内再移向质膜内外面，紧贴质膜外面再逐步脱离细胞体，进入细胞基质中，成为游离的凋亡小体。

Methods Cell culture,flow cytometry,HE staining,Nigrosine staining and electron microscopy were used. Results (1)ATP could inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells with inhibition rate over 43% after 48hour ATP treatment;(2)ATP treated U937 cells numbers increased obviously in G1 phase,and apoptosis peak appeared before G1 phase,apoptotic cell number was 3.4% for 24hour,and was 22.7% for 48hour of ATP treated U937 cells;(3) Nuclear chromatin condensed into sperical masses bound cytoplasma membrane formed apoptotic bodies which is shed from membrane surface into intercellular medium;(4) Apoptotic bodies were nigrosine staining negtive.

结果 (1)ATP对U937细胞的增殖有明显的阻抑作用，加药48h后增殖的抑制率可达43%以上；(2)ATP处理的U937细胞周期发生改变，G1期细胞数明显增多，ATP作用24h时G1期前出现亚二倍体峰——凋亡峰，凋亡细胞数为3.4%，作用48h时凋亡细胞数增多为22.7%；(3)ATP处理的U937细胞首先在核内染色质浓缩成半月形贴近核膜，逐渐向核膜外移动，进入胞浆内再移向质膜内外面，紧贴质膜外面再逐步脱离细胞体，进入细胞基质中，成为游离的凋亡小体。

With DGD method, the electron microscopy observation has provided new information on the process of chromatin migration. That is: Firstly, the nucleus moved toward cell wall and a picture characteristic of synizesis stage of meiosis appeared; Secdonly, the transmigration of chromatin occured through CC, and a more extensive region constituted of nuclear skeleton left behind chromatin, which was named as"clear spaces" under light microscopy; Thirdly, at the late stage of synizesis, most of chromatin had gone into adjacent cells through CC and fused into a whole, and the nuclear skeleton left in the former cell gradually mixed with cytoskeleton in cytoplasm.

DGD—包埋去包埋电镜观察表明：百合花粉母细胞中有类似核纤层的结构存在；在染色质穿壁运动过程中，首先是细胞核向细胞壁靠拢，并可留下瞬间的运行轨迹——细胞核后方出现只有细胞骨架而少有细胞器的区域；其后是染色质开始穿壁，在穿壁染色质后方细胞核内出现无染色质仅有密集的核骨架的区域，到了染色质穿壁后期，大部分核物质都已穿至相邻细胞，并彼此融合，而残余在原穿出细胞中的核骨架己逐渐与原细胞的胞质骨架融为一体。

与胞内染色质相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

ciliated cell：纤毛细胞

纤毛细胞(ciliated cell)呈柱状,游离面有纤毛;核圆形或卵圆形,染色浅,位于细胞中部. 电镜下可见纤毛细胞游离面纤毛密集,纤毛之间可见微绒毛,胞质内线粒体呈杆状,沿细胞长轴排列;粗面内质网较少,散在分布. 纤毛细胞的数量在输卵管各段不同,

Hodgkin Lymphoma：霍奇金淋巴瘤

2.霍奇金淋巴瘤(hodgkin lymphoma)涂片中特征性瘤细胞为霍奇金细胞,即R-S细胞(sternberg-reed细胞),细胞体积大,胞质丰富略嗜酸性,呈紫红染色. 有双核,多核或分叶核,每一个胞核或核分叶内见一个大而嗜酸性核仁. 有的核仁周围有空晕,

internode：结间体

两个相邻结之间的一段,称结间体(internode),长约0.5~lmm,它是由一个施万细胞所形成的髓鞘及其周围的神经膜构成. 施万细胞核呈长椭圆形,位于髓鞘边缘的少量胞质内. 髓鞘主要是由类脂质和蛋白质所组成,称为髓磷脂(myelin)在常规染色标本上,

margination：着边

这种死亡的特征是细胞变圆而与邻周细胞脱离,微绒毛消失,细胞失水,胞 浆浓缩,内质网扩张呈泡状并与细胞膜融合,线粒体和溶酶体完整,核染色质密度增高并凝 聚在核膜周边,形成"核着边"(Margination)现象,核仁裂解,细胞膜发泡、内陷,

primary oocyte：初级卵母细胞

卵泡中央有一个初级卵母细胞(primary oocyte),周围为单层扁平的卵泡细胞(又称颗粒细胞). 初级卵母细胞圆形,较大,直径约40μm ,核大而圆,染色质细疏,着色浅,核仁大而明显,胞质嗜酸性. 电镜下观察,胞质内除含有一般细胞器外,

parathyroid hormone：甲状旁腺激素

实质内腺细胞排列成索团状,间质中有丰富的有孔毛细血管.腺细胞分主细胞和嗜酸性细胞两种(图12-5).1,主细胞(chief cell)数量最多,呈多边形,核圆,居中,HE染色胞质着色浅.主细胞分泌甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone),主要作用于骨细胞和破骨细胞,

seminiferous tubule：生精小管

管壁的单层扁平上皮较血管内皮略高,胞质染色较浅.胞核呈卵圆形,并凸向管腔内,染色较浅.管腔内无血细胞有助其与毛细血管相鉴别.生精小管(seminiferous tubule) 主要由生精上皮构成.生精上皮由支持细胞和5~8层生精细胞组成.生精上皮基膜外侧,

serous cell：浆液性细胞

细胞基底部胞质显强嗜碱性,顶部聚集许多圆形分泌颗粒,HE染色呈红色,具有这些结构特点的蛋白质分泌细胞称浆液性细胞(serous cell). 电镜下见到,细胞基底部有密集平行排列的粗面内质网,并有许多线粒体位于内质网扁囊之间,

spermatogonium：精原细胞

(1)精原细胞:精原细胞(spermatogonium)紧贴生精上皮基膜,圆形或椭圆形,直径约12μm,胞质内除核糖体外,细胞器不发达. 精原细胞分A、B两型. A型精原细胞的核呈椭圆形,核染色质深染,核中央常见淡染的小泡;或核染色质细密,有1~2个核仁附在核膜上.

centroacinar cell：泡心细胞

颗粒减少.电镜下胞质内含有丰富的粗面内质网和核糖体(图14-7).腺细胞与基膜之间无肌上皮细胞.在腺泡腔内可见一些扁平或立方形细胞,胞体较小,胞质染色浅,核圆形卵圆形,称泡心细胞(centroacinar cell)它是延伸入腺泡腔内的闰管上皮细胞(图14-8).1,