群型种

基本解释 (translations)

cenospecies

与群型种相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Results:The level of total anaerobic population and total aerobic population of excrement specimens of three kinds of IBS sufferers were different significantly, particularly the level of bifidobacterium and cillobacterium(P.01);the level of bacteroid population was higher significantly in diarrhea-predominant and mixed type of IBS sufferers (P.01);the level of enterococcus population was higher significantly in diarrhea-predominant IBS sufferers(P.05);among the aerobes, the number of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus colonies were increased by different level(P.01or0.05) in the IBS suffers, in particular, the number of Escherichia coli colonies in diarrhea-predominant IBS sufferers increased most significantly.

结果：三种类型的IBS患者粪便中总厌氧菌群和需氧菌群数目与健康人差异明显，特别是双歧杆菌属和乳酸杆菌属明显减少（P.01；拟杆菌菌落数在腹泻型和混合型IBS患者中明显增加（P.01）；肠球菌菌落数在腹泻型IBS患者中明显增加（P.05）；需氧菌中患者组大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌菌落数均不同程度增加（P.01或0.05），大肠杆菌菌落数在腹泻型IBS患者中增加最明显。

The sixteen plants are firstly divided into six types according to evaluation grades and subject function statistical method:the first type is Cajanus cajan and Crotalaria mucronata,the best adaptability ,which can be used pioneer plant or constructive species; the second type is Cynodon dactylon,the better adaptability, which can be used constructive species ;the third type is Eragrostis curvula, Paspalam notatum,which can be used constructive species on rotten rock slope ; the forth type is kummerowia striata,Lotus corniculatus and Vitex negundo.The adaptability is centered,and can be used protection species and auxiliary species;the fifth type is Robinia pseudoacacia,Eremochloa ophiuroides,Vitex negundo,Lespedeza formosa,Leucaena leucocephala,Desmodium sequax, Rhus chinne- nsis,which can't be plant singly and be used accessory species;the sixth is Trifolium repens,which can be used pioneer plant.

根据评价边坡防护植物适应性的十个重要指标，首次运用隶属函数和聚类分析方法，对各供试植物的边坡适应性综合排序并分为六类：第一类为木豆和猪屎豆，边坡适应性最强，适宜作为先锋植物和建群种；第二类为狗牙根，边坡适应性强，适宜与豆科植物混播，作为建群种；第三类为弯叶画眉草和百喜草，边坡适应性较强，适宜与豆科植物混播，作为风化岩边坡的建群种；第四类为鸡眼草、百脉根和马棘，边坡适应性中等，适宜作为保护种与伴生种；第五类为刺槐、假俭草、荆条、美丽胡枝子、银合欢、波叶山蚂蝗和盐肤木，边坡适应性较差，不宜单独在边坡上种植，最好与速生型豆科草本混播，作为边坡防护植物群落的辅助植物；第六类为白三叶，边坡适应性最差，但因其出苗率高、生长速度快，作为先锋植物，起到前期覆盖坡面的作用。

O139 serogroup and O1 El Tor biotype kept close inherent identity in evolution, and it is possible for O139 to evolute from O1 El Tor.

O139群与O1群El Tor型存在密切的种系进化关系，前者可能由O1群El Tor生物型进化而来。

This paper make a general analyze of the SMES Cluster, define the conception of SMES Cluster, the forming of SMES Cluster and the basic types of SMES Cluster, study the important function of the SMES Cluster to the country, the district and the enterprises selves.Second, this paper research comparatively of three different international SMES Cluster cases and three different domestic SMES Cluster cases. Three different international SMES Clusters include the Italianism SMES Cluster, the Croatia SMES Cluster and the SMES Cluster which are formed by the multinational corporations" investment. Three different domestic SMES Clusters include the Zhejiang province SMES Cluster, Shandong province SMES Cluster and the Zhongguancun SMES Cluster.Finally, on the basic of analysis in cases, according to the current situation of Jiangsu and analysis of cluster development condition of SMES, explore the SMES Cluster development mode and pattern in Jiangsu. The main types of SMES Cluster in Jiangsu include Spontaneous growing up type, enterprise"s expanding type, market driving type, urging type of science and technology, and driving type of the foreign capitals.

本文通过对中小企业集群的一般分析，界定中小企业集群的概念、形成、基本类型以及中小企业集群对国家、对区域、对企业本身的重要作用；其次，对国外三种不同类型的中小企业集群(意大利式中小企业集群、克罗地亚造船厂式中小企业集群、跨国公司投资形成的中小企业集群)和国内三个不同地区的中小企业集群(浙江省中小企业集群、山东省中小企业集群、中关村中小企业集群)的案例进行比较分析研究；最后，在案例分析的基础之上，根据江苏的现状以及中小企业集群发展条件的分析，探索江苏集群发展的模式和格局，江苏的中小企业的发展模式主要有自发成长型、企业扩张型、市场带动型、科技驱动型、外资带动型。

The comparisons of biochemistry between OP and OR rats The differences between OP and OR rats included not only body weight, but lipids metabolism and insulin sensitivity as well, characterized with insulin resistance, increasing in serum free fatty acids and ketone body, and hepatic TC and TG in OP rats. However, no significant differences were observed in serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and fasting glucose between OP and OR rats.⑶Comparisons of metabolites in serum, urine and liver tissue between OP and OR rats①There were significant differences in amino acids concentration between OP and OR rats,especially in liver tissue, such as high concentrations in ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids in OP rats, suggesting differences in amino acids metabolism;② The different metabolites between OP and OR rats included increasing of various saturated fatty acids and decreasing of polyunsaturated fatty acids in OP rats;③The urinary metabolites analysis indicated that different structure or metabolism of gut microflora might exist between the two phenotypes, which probably influenced the regulation of body weight gain;④The end-products of catecholamines in urine and intermediates of krebs cycle in serum in OP rats were all up-regulated, suggesting that the activity of sympatheic nervous system and energy metabolism was higher in OP rats than OR rats.

胰岛素耐受实验和胰岛素敏感指数表明OP动物的胰岛素敏感性较OR动物下降，而OP大鼠血清中游离脂肪酸、酮体、肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平显著升高；但是，OP与OR大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖等的水平并无显著性差异；⑶肥胖易感与肥胖抵抗大鼠血清、尿液和肝脏组织提取物中代谢物的比较研究表明：①OP与OR大鼠的血清、尿液和肝组织提取物中多种氨基酸的含量存在显著差异，并以肝组织中的差异氨基酸数量为最多，包括各种生酮和生糖氨基酸水平在OP组的升高，说明氨基酸代谢的差异是两种体重表型大鼠之间存在的重要差异特征之一；②OP与OR动物肝脏和血清差异代谢物中包含多种饱和长链脂肪酸的升高如十四烷酸、十六烷酸、硬脂酸等和多不饱和脂肪酸的下降如亚油酸和花生四烯酸，说明两种体重表型动物的肝脏脂肪酸代谢存在明显差异；③长期高脂饮食喂养后，动物的尿液代谢物分析表明OP与OR动物体内的肠道菌群结构存在差异，这些菌群上的差别可能在动物体重增长的调节上产生影响；④与OR动物相比，OP动物尿液代谢物中儿茶酚胺类递质的代谢终产物如高香草酸、扁桃酸和4-羟基苯乙酸明显升高。

Furthermore, the information dissemination of several topologies is analyzed theoretically, and the statistical properties of canonical topologies and varying neighborhood topology are analyzed from graph theory.

针对传统粒子群优化算法中全连接型拓扑和环形拓扑的特点，引入了一种粒子群信息共享方式——多簇结构，进而基于多簇结构提出了动态可变拓扑策略以协调动态概率粒子群优化算法的勘探和开采能力，并从理论上分析了最优信息在各种拓扑中的传播，同时从图论角度分析了几种经典拓扑以及动态可变多簇结构的统计特性。

According to the phytosociological theories and methods of Braun-Blanquet's school, the regional savanna vegetation of the dry-hot valleys of Yuanjiang river had been investigated. Based on the principle of fidelity degree, the typical 110 releves taken from every sampling stands of the dry-hot valleys were sorted up from below to upper into 15 Associations, then into 5 Alliances, 2 Orders and 1 Class. A synoptic classification system of Class-Order-Alliance-Association was established for the purpose to reflect deeply the characteristics of all syntaxa there in the aspect of plant component and their abundance-dominancy, presence, cover coefficient, life form, growth form, and ecological environment, community structure, species types and so on.

采用Braun-Blanquet植物群落学研究的理论与方法，对云南元江中上游干热河谷分布的植被进行考察研究，把各处取得较典型的110个样地记录按确限度的原则由下而上归类成15个群丛、5个群属、2个群目和1个群纲，建立了元江干热河谷萨王纳植被群纲—群目—群属—群丛分类系统综合表和15个群丛表，以全面深入反映全干热河谷植物群落各级分类单位中各植物种类组成的多优度、存在度、盖度系数、生活型和生长型等特征及其群落结构、生态环境和种型类别。

This paper made detailed studies through karyotype analysis and allozyme analysis on the materials which including 9 species of the genus Lycoris and different populations of Lycoris radiata Herb..

本研究以石蒜属9种植物以及石蒜的16个居群植物为研究材料，通过核型和同工酶研究和分析手段，对石蒜属植物种间和石蒜居群间进行了详细研究；进一步揭示了石蒜属种间以及石蒜不同居群之间的差异；为探讨石蒜属植物的系统关系和资源进一步开发利用提供基础资料。

This article adopts Horney's three interpersonal interaction inclinations as the theoretical basis for the categorization of the personality types of the knowledge workers, and uses Cohen's CAD table as the personality testing instrument.

本文以 Horney 三种人际互动方式倾向（顺从型、积极型，离群型）作为知识工作者人格类型分类的理论依据，以 Cohen 的 CAD 表为受试知识工作者人格类型的衡量工具。

与群型种相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

biotype：生物型,纯系群,同(遗传)型小种 生物型

biotron 生物气候室 人工氣候 Y | biotype 生物型,纯系群,同(遗传)型小种 生物型 Y | biozone 生物带 生物地層 N

cenospecies：群型种,杂交种

cenosite | 钙钇铒矿 | cenospecies | 群型种,杂交种 | cenotaph | 纪念碑, 衣冠冢, 纪念塔

cenotaph：纪念碑, 衣冠冢, 纪念塔

cenospecies | 群型种,杂交种 | cenotaph | 纪念碑, 衣冠冢, 纪念塔 | cenote | 沼穴,洞状陷穴(尤指墨西哥尤加坦半岛的灰岩坑)

indusium：囊群盖

孢子囊著生于叶缘或叶背,汇集成各种孢子囊群堆,有或无囊群盖(indusium). 孢子同型. 蓜子体常为心脏形,生殖噐官生于腹面. 真蕨是现今蕞繁茂啲蕨类植粅,约10000种苡上,我国有40萪2500种. 可分为厚囊蕨亚纲(Eusporangiatae)啝薄囊蕨亚纲(Leptosporangiatae)两个亚纲.

allopatric population：异域群种 異域族群

allopatric form 异域型 異域型 Y | allopatric population 异域群种 異域族群 N | allopatric segregation 异域分离 異域隔離 Y

allopatric form：异域型 異域型

allomone 异种利己信息[激素] 利己傳訊素 Y | allopatric form 异域型 異域型 Y | allopatric population 异域群种 異域族群 N

Amomum：砂仁属

花柱卷曲性是一种见于姜科山姜属(Alpinia)和砂仁属(Amomum)植物中的独特的性二态现象,具有这一性系统的植物,其居群包括上举型和下垂型两种表型,所有个体的雌雄性别功能在时间和空间上分离.本研究通过操控授粉和花粉管生长两项实验,

coenospecies：近群种

群落 coenosis | 近群种 coenospecies | 群落型 coenotype

coenotype：群落型

近群种 coenospecies | 群落型 coenotype | 辅酶 coenzyme

monotypic species：单型种

未有亚种分化的种称为单型种(monotypic species);反之则为多型种 (polytypic species). 5.亚种的依据:现代亚种的分类是在本世纪30年代、随著 "新系统学" 的兴起及居群 观点的确立而发展起来的. 亚种的存在意义主要是把种内之居群分化 与物种分化结合起来,