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Sanguinarine belongs to the benzophenanthridine alkaloid analog, and is derived mainly from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis L., Chelidonium majus L.
血根碱是属於苯菲里啶类之生物碱,其成分乃源自於血根、白屈菜以及蓟罂粟的种子。
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The reasons for false-positive facet blocks are multifactorial and include placebo response (18–32%) to diagnostic facet interventions, use of sedation, the liberal use of superficial LA, and the spread of injectate to paingenerating structures other than those targeted.166 Although some investigators have disputed this assertion,167,168 it is our belief that not only opioids, but sedatives such as midazolam, can lead to false-positive blocks by interfering with the interpretation of analgesic response (i.e., preventing a patient from engaging in normal activities) and virtue of their muscle relaxant properties.169 In a recent survey conducted in 500 patients receiving facet blocks or epidurals at an outpatient spine center, only 17% requested sedation.170
小关节阻滞性诊断的假阳性结果的原因是多种多样的,包括安慰剂反应(18–32%),如利用镇静剂,浅表大量应用LA以及注射液外渗到目标外的其他疼痛发生阻滞。虽然有些学者对这种论断持怀疑态度,但是我们认为不论类罂粟碱,咪达唑仑等镇静剂,都可因具有麻醉反应(如可阻止患者从事正常活动)及肌松特点而导致假阳性率。在最近一项500人的研究中,这些门诊患者接受了小关节阻滞或硬膜外阻滞,只有17%患者需要镇静剂。
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Paregoric:复方樟脑酊
ine)复方樟脑酊(paregoric)及罂粟碱(papaverine)等为镇痛止咳止泻麻醉解痉等有效药物临床应用甚广次误用大量或频繁应用吗啡可致中毒吗啡中毒量成人 ...本类中的阿片(opium)吗啡(morphine)可待因(codeine)复方樟脑酊(paregoric)及罂粟碱(papaverine)等为镇痛止咳止泻麻醉解痉等有效药物临床应用甚广次误用大量或频繁应用吗啡