立法

基本解释 (translations)

lawmaking  ·  legislation  ·  leg.

词组短语

law-making

与立法相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Chapter 2 makes a brief introduction of the same-sex marriage legislative mode of main counties and districts in the world from the substantive aspect, classifying them into four kinds: fragmentary control mode, cohabitant legislative mode, registered partnership legislative mode and same-sex marriage legislative mode.

第二章主要从实体法的角度对世界主要国家和地区的同性婚姻立法模式进行考察，介绍四类不同的立法模式：零星地规制模式、同居者立法模式、注册伴侣立法模式和同性婚姻立法模式。

The purpose of this dissertation lies in perfecting relative laws of administration of medical waste,according to the lawmaking and law system of foreign countries.meanwhile,the notion is provided to consummate relative law system and achieve the purpose of holding in the administration of medical waste,environment protect and human health.this dissertation puts forward first-step conceivableness of perfecting lawmaking and law system concerning the administration to disposal of medical waste.because our country's law system concerning medical waste is too immovable and abstract,this research will make our country's law system of the medical waste more concrete and more definite,which will strengthen the operability in the fulfillment and make the lawmaking spirit embodied.simultaneously it provides legal basis and policy support for the administration to disposal of medical waste.the problem of the administration of medical waste enlarges the difficulties of disposal process.to perfect lawmaking,law-executing,law-supervising.is advantageous to strengthen the administration to disposal of medical waste of our country.meanwhile it has theoretic meaning and application value for environment safety and human health.this dissertation is totally divided into four parts.the first part explains the current condition of the administration to disposal of medical waste of our country,which introduces the concept of medical waste,the harm of medical waste,the necessity of administration, current lawmaking condition and present law system of the medical waste.the second part introduces the general situation of lawmaking concerning the administration to disposal of medical waste of the united states,eu,japan and korea.simultaneously it explains the apocalypse of administration to disposal of medical waste of our country.the third part points out the existent law problem of the administration to disposal of medical waste,including lawmaking problem,law enforcement problem and law system problem.the fourth part aims at the relative suggestions to the existent law problems of the administration to disposal of medical waste of our country.the suggestions want to raise lawmaking layer,perfect lawmaking contents,strengthens law enforcement,practice the law system of the manufacturer to be responsible for the medical waste.meanwhile,it gives the advice on the punishment-compensation system,the conduct permit system and the risk fund system.

本论文研究的目的在于借鉴国外有关医疗废物在立法、执法、法律制度等方面的经验，完善适合我国医疗废物管理的相关法律，提出我国有关医疗废物管理的立法构想，完善各项相关的法律制度，以达到规范医疗废物管理、保护环境、保护人类健康的目的。本论文为完善我国医疗废物管理的立法、执法和法律制度提出初步设想，由于我国有关医疗废物的法律制度规定得太原则、太抽象，通过本论文研究，使得我国医疗废物法律制度更具体、更明确，增强在实践中的操作性，使立法精神充分得到体现。同时可以为我国医疗废物管理工作提供法理依据和决策支持。我国医疗废物管理体制的问题加大了医疗废物治理的难度，立法、执法、监督等方面的完善有利于加强对我国医疗废物的管理；在保障可持续发展的环境安全和人类健康领域也具有理论意义和应用价值。本文共分为四个部分，第一部分说明了我国目前医疗废物管理的现状，介绍了医疗废物的概念、危害、进行管理的必要性、当前我国医疗废物的立法现状和法律制度现状。第二部分介绍了美国、欧盟、日本、韩国关于医疗废物管理的立法概况及对我国医疗废物管理的启示。第三部分指出了我国医疗废物管理存在的法律问题，包括立法问题、执法问题和法律制度问题。第四部分针对我国医疗废物管理存在的法律问题提出了相应的建议。建议要提高立法层次、完善立法内容、加强执法力度、实行生产者负责分类回收的法律制度、集中处置法律制度、惩罚性赔偿制度、经营许可证制度、环境责任保险制度和风险基金制度。

It reviews the realization of justice value in the process of economic legislation from the aspects of its conformability to laws, keep-up-with-the-time-ness, and democracy.

本文从立法的平等、差别对待以及结果公平三方面分析经济立法的公平价值及其内涵，并从经济立法的合规律性、适时性、民主性三个层面考察公平价值在经济立法过程中的实现，进而揭示经济立法公平对于实现经济法公平的重要意义。

Chapter 1 is a preface to introduce the motives of this paper research methods scope restriction and frame Chapter 2 will fist introduce the concept of database and then discuss the necessity of database protection in the creating methods and with or without originality This chapter will put emphasis on the importance of originality to database Chapter 3 will observe the British America and Germany's viewpoint of originality to discuss their legislative mode of database legal protection Chapter will introduce EU Directive/96/9/EC of database protection and four judges of EU Court after the Directive takes effect in 2004 to find how the ECJ use the Directive Then according to the DG Internal Market and Service Working Pater and BEUC's evaluation of the Directive this paper will find whether there is positive reaction and influence in database market after EU member countries take the same legislations with the Directive Section 5 will introduce the legislation of British and Germany following the Directive and analyze the development and questions of the two countries' current legislation Chapter 5 will start with Americas case Feist v Jane Doe to understand the case's influence to American legal protection of databases and introduce the Parliament's proposal after the EU Directive Chapter 6 will introduce Japan legislation regarding legal protection of database works and discuss the goodness and badness through Japan academy and judicial viewpoint Chapter 7 will introduce Taiwan's legislation to find whether current law provides enough and adequate protection to databases and discuss whether there is a necessity of amendment At last this paper will try to provide some suggestions about our legislation Chapter 8 is the conclusion of this paper

第二章首先介绍资料库之概念，并以建置方式与是否具原创性区分方式探讨资料库法律保护之必要性，而因著眼原创性对於资料库法律保护之重要性，便於第三章以比较法独立观察英、美、德国对原创性之观点，以接续探讨三国对资料库所采取之立法途径。第四章部份介绍欧盟资料库保护指令之相关规定，并就指令公布后，欧盟法院於2004年接续作出四个关於资料库保护之判决加以介绍，以期寻求欧盟法院如何运用指令规范中之构成要件，而后并参考欧盟委员会工作小组及消费者组织报告对欧体资料库指令之评估文献，探究欧盟各国采取与指令相同立法后，在资料库市场上是否有正面的回应及影响，并於第五节针对英、德两国跟进欧盟资料库保护指令立法之介绍，并归纳、检讨英、德两国之现行法制之发展与所面临之问题。第五章延续第三章、第四章论述后，进入美国1991年Feist案后，美国法院对国内资料库保护之后续见解，探究1991年Feist案对美国资料库保护之影响程度，同时并述美国於欧体公布资料库指令后国会提出之资料库立法草案。第六章则针对日本新增资料库著作之立法模式加以介绍，并藉由日本学界、实务之见解探讨该立法模式之优缺点，再於第七章进入我国法制之介绍，以观察我国目前之法制是否提供资料库充分的保护，探讨资料库立法之必要性，最后尝试提出我国立法模式之建议。第八章则为总结之论述。

First, in this essay, the author states the reasonableness and necessity of permitting transfer of mortgaged property, affirms that mortgager will not lose the right of dispose and is entitle to transfer the property freely when the property is under mortgage. And at the same time, the author agrees the theoretical basis of droit de suite and the mortgagee's interests can be protected through the enforcement of the recovery right. Second, the author introduces the legislation of droit de suite in several countries with typical civil law legal system and analyses the particular characteristics of these different registrations. Third, the author points out the defects and malpractice of the legislations in our country after analyzing the legislation which state ambiguously the recovery right of mortgage and restricts the transfer of mortgaged property based on the tracing the development of system in respect of transfer of mortgaged property in Chinese legislation on guarantee. Finally, according to the real situation of our country, the author presents some concrete proposals on perfecting the system of transfer of mortgaged property and droit de suite of mortgage to reach the balance between static safety of property rights and dynamical safety of transactions with the reference to successful expericnees of other countries.

本文首先从理论依据出发，论述允许抵押物转让的合理性与必要性，肯定抵押人在抵押期间不丧失对抵押物的处分权，可以自由转让抵押物，同时认为抵押权追及力的存在具有理论基础，通过赋予抵押权以追及效力即可保障抵押物转让关系中抵押权人的利益；其次，简要介绍几个具有典型意义的大陆法系国家关于抵押权追及力的立法状况，分析各国立法的侧重点；再次，结合我国担保立法关于抵押物转让制度的发展轨迹，对我国立法未明确承认抵押权所固有的追及效力，且限制抵押物转让的规定进行剖析，认为存在一定的疏漏和弊端，具有明显的不合理性；最后，根据我国国情，并借鉴国外立法的成功经验，提出完善我国抵押物转让及抵押权追及制度的具体立法建议，以寻求物权的静态安全与交易活动的动态安全的平衡。

China has formed an entire national legislating system , wnose features mainly preterit on that the autonomous legislature has the right amend legislating content of the superior legislature when its national legislature accords with the unitive legislature .

我国已经形成完整的民族立法体制，其特点主要体现在民族立法在遵循国家统一立法原则的同时，民族区域自治立法有权变通上级立法主体的立法内容。

The force of valid legislation can be specified by the validity of protective force or abiding force,the validity of presume-legal or the validity of invariableness and the validity of fulfill...

立法主体的有效性、立法事项的有效性、立法程序的有效性和立法结果的有效性共同构成立法活动的有效性；立法的保护力与约束力、公定力与确定力、执行力与强制力均是立法作用力的体现。

E. legality and actuality——in the educational legislative system in modern China in order to present its establishment and actual operative process stereoscopically and completely. And through some typical case analyses of the educational legislation in the central and local authorities at different stages, the dissertation offers a more thorough understanding on the operating mechanism of the whole educational legislative system.

即在深入考察分析近半个世纪不同阶段教育立法整体概况的基础上，从中央到地方的教育立法主体的构成、立法权限的划分、立法程序的设置等几个方面入手，紧紧围绕中国近代教育立法制度&可然&与&应然&、即法定与事实两个基本环节，将中国近代教育立法制度的建立和实际运转过程的全貌立体地展示出来，并通过对不同阶段的几部典型的中央和地方教育立法个案之具体分析，从而更加全面地把握整个教育立法制度的运作机制。

However the economic law has changed a lot during the economic transformation, such as, more autonomy legislation other than restricted legislation, mono-legislative bodies changed into diversity and standardization, legislative process changed from self-contained into civilized, the legislative right changed into clear other than obscure, and the legislative object changed form political into independent, which is obvious to everyone.

经济立法在经济转型过程中发生了巨大转变，如从受制性立法到自主性立法、从立法主体的单一化到多元化和规范化、从立法程序的封闭化到民主化、从立法权限的模糊到明晰、从立法目的政治化到独立化等方面的转变，而对这些转变的研究正是我们研究新背景下经济法发展的重点之一。

First of all, I, to some basic theory knowledge of the scenic spot, concept, important document of the composition, function, historical development of the scenic spot are described , among them differentiate and analyse the difference between scenic spot, nature reserve , Forest Park , tourist zone , foreign national park especially, pass the comparison in such several respects as nature , definition , establishment conditions , aim , building policy ,etc, can find out there are very great differences in scenic spot and other areas , it is an independent legal area; Secondly, I analyse to China and foreign legislative overview of scenic spot, list the scenic spot in the national park or protection zone system abroad , has made the special" law of protection zone " and " law of national park ", China"s corresponding legislation is more weak , there is not a special scenic spot to legislate at present in China, only an administrative statute that the State Council issued in 1982 -" provisional administrative regulations of scenic spot"; Moreover, I set up with the existing legislative existing problem of scenic spot in our country is it expound the fact to go onning to of our country planning , management, property right that scenic spot exist, it will must set about making " the law of scenic spot" while saving the scenic spot to strengthen the protection management to the scenic spot at the present stage; Finally, I belong to to legislative aim , legislative principle , right, our country of " scenic spot law such basic frames as the system , management system , legal liability ,etc. is it expound the fact to go on..

首先，笔者对风景名胜区的一些基础理论知识，风景名胜区的概念、构成要件、功能、历史发展等问题进行论述，其中重点辨析了风景名胜区与自然保护区、森林公园、旅游区、外国国家公园的区别，通过性质、定义、设立条件、宗旨、建设方针等几方面的比较，可以看出风景名胜区与其他区域有很大差别，是一个独立的法定区域；其次，笔者对中国和国外风景名胜区立法概况进行分析，国外将风景名胜区列入国家公园或保护区体系，并制定了专门的《保护区法》和《国家公园法》，而中国相应立法则比较薄弱，中国目前没有一部专门的风景名胜区立法，只有一部国务院在1985年颁布的行政法规——《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》：再次，笔者对我国风景名胜区存在的规划、管理、产权设置和我国现有的风景名胜区立法存在问题进行论述，现阶段要加强对风景名胜区的保护管理，挽救风景名胜区，必须着手制定《风景名胜区法》；最后，笔者对我国《风景名胜区法》的立法宗旨、立法原则、权属制度、管理体制、法律责任等基本框架进行论述。

与立法相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

administrative lawmaking：行政立法

第一部分首先强调了法治的宪法化和制度化,以此来保证执政权力受到约束;第二部分着墨于立法,包括立法机关立法(legislative lawmaking)和行政立法(administrative lawmaking);第三部分则偏重于执法,包括对法律法规的执行和管理.

legislate：立法 vt.通过立法

revenue (国家的)岁人,税收;收入,收益 | legislate 立法 vt.通过立法 | legislation 立法;法律,法规

legislative authority：法律根据; 立法权力; 立法机构的权力

Legislative Assembly of Panama;巴拿马立法大会;; | legislative authority;法律根据; 立法权力; 立法机构的权力;; | letter of acknowledgement;收文通知书;;

legislatively：以立法方式; 以立法者身份; 在立法方面 (副)

legislative authority 法律依据 | legislatively 以立法方式; 以立法者身份; 在立法方面 (副) | legislator 立法者, 立法委员, 立法官 (名)

law-maker; legislator：立法议案 bills 立法者

立法效力 legislative effect | 立法议案 bills 立法者 law-maker; legislator | 立宪 constitutionalism

legislatorship：立法者, 立法委员或议员之职位 (名)

legislatorial 立法者的; 立法机构的 (形) | legislatorship 立法者, 立法委员或议员之职位 (名) | legislatress 女性立法者; 女国会议员 (名)

LEGISLATURE：立法机关

其中,立法机关(Legislature)是主要的立法主体,"是指国家政权机构体系中地位最高的,最主要的,以议事形式进行立法活动的,制定、认可和变动法律的立法主体".

legislatorial：立法者的; 立法机构的 (形)

legislator 立法者, 立法委员, 立法官 (名) | legislatorial 立法者的; 立法机构的 (形) | legislatorship 立法者, 立法委员或议员之职位 (名)

delegated legislation：授权立法

由于学者们对委任立法或者授权立法(Delegated Legislation)有不同的观点,因此行政立法的内涵也就随之而有所不同. 学者们关于行政立法的观点主要有如下一些:

Legislative Assembly：立法议会

自由主义者海耶克(F.A.Hayek)"为了使立法能基于超立法原理,而不沦为偏袒专断",他提出将立法机关分为"立法议会"(Legislative Assembly)和"政府议会"(Governmental Assembly)两个机关的主张.