立木

基本解释 (translations)

stumpage

与立木相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

The usual nonlinear estimation and two steps estimations method were used to estimate the consociation equation set model method of duality standing tree volume model.

在联立二元立木材积模型的估计中，分别采用了通常非线性估计方法和两步估计方法进行研究。

Dendroctonus valens LeConte was recently found in outbreak in China. Its elder instars and mature larvae mainly over-winter under the roots of the pine stumps and standing trees in China.

红脂大小蠹Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Red turpentine beetle， RTB)是近年来在中国爆发的入侵生物，在我国主要以老熟幼虫在油松伐桩和立木的根部越冬。

The results showed that there were two generations in one year, and there were 6~8 instars in duration of larvae's development. Larvae over-winters under bark or in base of tree. Adult were phototaxis and active on night.

结果表明：该虫在吴旗县一年发生2代，以幼虫在粗皮下或树基越冬，幼虫6~8龄，具吐丝下垂习性，在阴坡立木被害重于阳坡，成虫夜间活动，有趋光性。

Major results were summarized as follows:(1) A total of 58 tree species from 53 genera in 36 families among which 8 species were Rosaceae, 5 species were Liliaceae, 5 species were Eriaceae, 3 species were Ranunculaceae, 3 species were Compositae, 2 species were Cupressaceae, 2 species were Caprifoliaceae, 2 species were Umblliferae, and other 28 tree species were only one receptively. These were recorded in the 8 plots of the A. georgei var. smithii forest;(2) Number of families, genera, species and Margalef index correlated negatively with altitude (P.05), with a peak at 3600 m.(3) Shannon-Wiener index correlated negatively with altitude (P.01), and maintained stable at the altitudes between 3700~4100 m, evenness with altitudes, however, this trend was insignificant.(4) Jaccard index increased sharply with increasing altitude at the altitudes between 3600~4100 m, and was lower between different vegetation types at the altitudes between 4100~4200. Cody index β(subscript c decreased with an increasing altitude, but there were 2 troughs between 4000~4100 m and 4200~4300 m.(5) Maximum tree height H(subscript max and HH(subscript max=37 mcorrelated negatively with altitude (P.05); but basal area and BA BA(subscript max=5.3m^2 correlated with altitudes, however, this trend was insignificant.

结果表明：(1)在调查的8个急尖长苞冷杉林样地内共有植物58种，分属于36科53属，其中植物较多的科有蔷薇科8种、百合科5种、杜鹃花科5种、毛茛科3种、菊科3种、柏科2种、忍冬科2种、伞形科2种，其余的28科各只有1个种；(2)物种科、属、种数、Margalef指数D(下标 M与海拔存在显著的负相关性(P.05)，在分布急尖长苞冷杉最低海拔3600m处出现物种丰富度的最大值；(3)多样性指数与海拔之间有极显著的负相关性(P.01)，并且在3700~4100m之间多样性指数保持稳定；均匀度指数与海拔梯度之间存在负相关性，但不显著；(4)Jaccard指数C(下标 j在海拔3600~4100m随海拔的升高而升高，在生境过渡带的4100~4200m之间Jaccard指数C(下标 j较低；Cody指数β(下标 c随海拔的升高呈下降的趋势，但在4000~4100m和4200~4300m 海拔区间出现2个低谷；(5)最大树高H(下标 max和最大胸径DBH(下标 max与海拔之间存在显著负相关性(P.05)；胸高断面积之和和立木密度与海拔之间存在负相关性，但不显著。

In order to analyze the airborne LiDAR data corresponding to single trees and stand heights in the forestry area, we set up samples to measure tree heights of Alnus formosana, Cryptomeria japonica, and Chamaecyparis formosensis in the Alishan area. We build the Canopy Height Model based on the data from the airborne laser scanning system. Single Tree heights were estimated by averaging the CHM values within a 0.5m radius, and six different sizes of sample stands (5×5, 10×10, 12.5×12.5, 15×15, 17.5×17.5, and 20×20) were set up to extract the average heights within the area as the calculated value.

本研究於阿里山地区设置样区，针对台湾赤杨、柳杉、红桧等树种进行立木树高之量测，配合该样区之空载光达影像资料，建立树冠高度模型(Canopy height model， CHM)，探讨空载LiDAR在森林地区对於单木树高与林分高的量测情形；单株立木高系以样区立木位置为中心，萃取0.5 m 圆形环框范围内之CHM平均值为其推估值；光达林分高则以6种林分面积(5 m×5 m、10 m×10 m、12.5 m×12.5 m、15 m×15 m、17.5 m×17.5 m、20 m×20 m)萃取范围内之CHM平均值为其推估值。

Thunbergii trees were established, and the sun survivorship curves were drawn with field data. The results showed that in the three plots, the height and basal diameter growth of regenerated young P. thunbergii trees had exponential, linear, and quadratic functional relations with age and the age structure was of spindle, discrete, and pyramid types, respectively. Most of the regenerated young trees were distrbuted at 0.3-1.2 m from their nearest standing trees, and the individuals of the young trees decreased near to or far from the nearest standing trees. Inplots Ⅰ and Ⅲ, the expected average life of regenerated young P. thunbergii trees had a decreasing trend with their increasing age, and the survival number of the population also decreased with increasing population age. The survivorship craves of regenerated young P. thunbergii trees in the two plots approximated to the type of Deevey Ⅱ, indicating that the young P. thunbergii populations in the plots were at stable development stage. The population structure of regenerated young P. thunbergii trees in plot Ⅱ was lesser integral, suggesting that the population was of declining types being related to human disturbance, slope and other environmental factors.

结果表明：(1) 3个样地中幼龄植株高生长、基径生长与年龄均分别呈指数函数、直线和二次函数关系；(2) 3个样地黑松幼龄植株年龄结构存在着明显差异，分别表现为纺锤形、残缺型和金字塔型；(3)幼龄植株主要集中分布在距最近立木0.3~1.2m，离立木越近或越远幼龄植株均逐渐减少；(4)对样地Ⅰ和样地Ⅲ黑松幼龄植株生命表和存活曲线的分析表明，随年龄的增加，黑松幼龄植株生命期望值基本上呈递减趋势，黑松幼龄植株种群存活数也随着年龄的增加而降低；样地Ⅰ和样地Ⅲ黑松幼龄植株种群存活曲线近似于Deevey Ⅱ型，表明2个样地黑松幼龄植株种群处于稳定发展阶段；(5)样地Ⅱ幼龄植株种群结构很不完整，表明该种群属于衰退型，与人为干扰及坡度等有关。

The linear equation was y1＝0.9784x＋0.2584 for the Evodia meliaefolia community and y1＝0.9408x＋0.3399 for the Camellia oleifera community.

油茶则以2 cm径阶立木占最大多数，6 cm时出现一个低谷，14 cm径阶之后立木很少，没有大树。

This fungus is spread by Platypus quercivorus and easily infests the oak which grow relatively weak. Platypus quercivorus and oak fungus can be controlled by injuction of NCS into holes opened in oak.

由于该虫易侵入生长势相对较弱的栎类立木，通常危害木的树龄在 20 年以上，且以 40～50 年居多，通过钻孔注入适量的NCS等药剂后；用胶贴纸带包裹，可起到防治和杀灭栎长小蠹及&栎树菌&的目的。

In this paper,the authors put forward a new method of 3D laser scanning system for measuring standing volume and constructing volume table.

：该文提出了一种测定疏林立木材积的新方法，即利用三维激光扫描系统测量立木材积并建立材积表。

The paper introduces the major technical guidelines for three times of forest resource inventory and planning,and requirement and criteria for examination of standing volume table.

介绍近3次森林资源规划设计调查主要技术规定及其对立木材积表的检验标准和要求，指出在主要技术规定中仍应明确规定立木材积表系统误差±3%为检验标准。

与立木相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

cull tree：等外树; 不良立木

cryosphere 冰雪圈; 冰冻层 | cull tree 等外树; 不良立木 | cultivation shifting 改变耕作方法

Vaclav"Havel：瓦茨拉夫"哈维尔:立木文

Noelle?Bor 诺耶?宝儿:大原さやか | Vaclav?Havel 瓦茨拉夫?哈维尔:立木文 | Cain?Nightlord 该隐?奈特罗德:诹访部顺一

Vaclav"Havel：瓦茨拉夫.哈维尔:立木文彦/cd-中田让治

vaclav.havel瓦茨拉夫.哈维尔:立木文彦/cd-中田让治 | cain.nightlord该隐.奈特罗德:诹访部顺一 | isaak.fernand.von.kampfer伊扎克.费尔南.冯.坎普菲:藤原启治

stumpage：立木(蓄積值)

stump 殘幹 | stumpage 立木(蓄積值) | stump-pulling 拔根

stumpage：林班立木,伐木开支,原材成本

残段生存曲线(统计) stub-survivor curve | 林班立木,伐木开支,原材成本 stumpage | 次级业务 subactivity

stumpage：立木

stumpage 未砍伐的树 | stumpage 立木 | stumper 政治演说者

Stumpage value：立木价格

注:以上价格为俄勒冈州原木到工厂的价格(POND VALUE),里面包含砍伐、运输、装卸费用,所以比以前林场立木价格(STUMPAGE VALUE)要高.

clearing;unstocked area：裸露地;未立木地;无立地木;空林地

树种更替;树种变换(更) change of species;transformation | 裸露地;未立木地;无立地木;空林地 clearing;unstocked area | 土壤翻松;搅土;翻松;松土 scarification

Stocked area：立木地

立木地 Stocked area | 立木地 Stocked land | 林相图 Stock-map

tree volume table：立木材积表

立木||standing tree | 立木材积表||tree volume table | 立木度||stocking percent