突变

基本解释 (translations)

break  ·  saltation

词组短语

sea change · sudden change · change suddenly

与突变相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

①Location of WD gene in Ch inese: Using pairwise linkage analysis and multipoint linkage analysis method, w e constructed a genetic map of DNA markers within D13q14.2-3 which refined the location of WD gene by restriction fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite polymorphism analysis;②Screen for mutations of WD gene in Chinese people: we detected the structure of 21 exons of WD ge ne in 45 patients from 39 pedigrees by PCR-SSCP(Single strand conformation poly morphism) and PCR-DNA sequencing technology, found a new mutation in exon 5 and nuclcotide sequence analysis showed it is a T insertion. We also conformed the Arg778Leu in exon 8, the highest frequence mutation point in Chinese people, wit h mutation rate 22.8%in total;③Carrier detection and presymptomatic diagnosi s of WD: Based on DNA recombination technology, we peformed successfully the gen e diagnosis in all individuals of 79 families with WD and built up a helpful spe cific enzyme cut method (PCR-Msp1) to detect the carrier and presympomatic patients in Chinese pe ople with WD.

①WD的基因定位研究：通过RFLP及微卫星多态性分析，应用两位点及多位点连锁软件，建立了中国人WD基因在D13q14.2-3区域的精细遗传连锁图谱，从而首次对中国人WD基因进行了精确定位；②WD基因突变研究：应用PCR-SSCP及DNA测序技术，对39个家系45名WD患者进行该致病基因的21个外显子突变筛选，发现WD基因5号外显子存在新的T插入突变，并证实中国人WD基因的突变热点为8号外显子，突变形式为Arg778Leu，其频率为22.8%；③WD的症状前诊断和杂合子检出：应用DNA重组技术对79个家系进行基因诊断，成功地进行了WD的症状前诊断和杂合子检出，并建立了WD的基因筛选的PCR-Msp 1酶切方法。

This article reports the experimental results about y-ray induced chimaera of awned mutation in Mt generation of Triticum aestivum L.

在辐射诱变的实践中通常认为：M_1代所有的新的突变都将是杂合体，本文报道了用r-射线诱发长芒突变嵌合体的试验结果，并对嵌合体进行了遗传分析，结果表明：M_1代嵌合体的长芒突变是一种隐性基因突变，它可以是纯合突变。

The relationship between the genetic deficiencies and hemorrhagic disorder were characterized. The homozygosity of the Thr359Met in the propositus with FⅦ: C activity 2% was related to severe clinical symptoms; The proband with double heterozygous lesions of Arg152Leu and one single nucleotide deletion at position 11487-9, combined with Arg304Trp in exon 8 with FⅦ activity 1% suffered severe clinical bleeding tendency. one proband with double heterozygous mutations (Agr304Trp and Arg304Gln) with 10% of FⅦ activities characterized asymptom. the heterozygous mutations (Thr359Met, Arg152Gln,-55C→T) with FⅦ: C 1%～5. 5% showed moderate or mild clinical symptoms.

其中8961 G＞T（Arg152Leu）和10966-8delC两种突变为国际首次报道，IFSla+5g＞a突变导致的异常剪接为国际首次报道。1个F7及F10基因联合缺陷家系，其中，F10基因28139 G＞T（Val384Phe）突变为国际首次报道；发现了1个由F7及组织因子(tissue factor，TF)两种基因联合缺陷导致的出血家系，其突变分别为F7基因启动子区-55C＞T杂合突变；TF 9363 C＞T（Arg131Trp）杂合多态性（频率2.63％）。6种F7基因突变发生在催化区；2种突变发生在裂解位点；1种发生在启动子区；1种突变发生在剪接位点，除一种缺失突变外，其余均为点突变；所有家系的基因突变都来自先证者的父亲和/或母亲。

A sudden or marked change.突变 Of or regulated by one gene or one of a pair of allelic genes.

一个基因分子内部进行带基本性质的重新组合所形成的突变。

1,After transfected the mutated mtDNA of colorectal carcinoma,the mtDNA D-loop region of the transfected cells displays new mutation points.2,The external source pieces of the mutated mtDNA can integrate to nuclear genome after transfection.3,There's no differences in apoptosis between combinations after transfected the mutation of mtDNA in NIH3T3 and LST cells.4,The mutated mtDNA may affect the action mechanism of occurrence and development in colorectal carcinoma through affecting its mtDNA mutation or integrating exogenetic mtDNA to its nuclear which may cause the abnormal expression of oncogene or anti-oncogene.

（1）转染突变的大肠癌细胞mtDNA后转染细胞的mtDNA均可发生多处的突变位点。（2）通过转染后突变的外源性的mtDNA可以整合到核基因组内。（3）突变的mtDNA转染LST细胞及NIH3T3细胞后，不影响转染细胞的凋亡改变。（4）mtDNA的突变可能通过影响体细胞mtDNA的突变和通过外源性mtDNA在核内的整合从而影响癌基因或抑癌基因的表达异常，从而参与肿瘤的发生发展。

1,After transfected the mutated mtDNA of colorectal carcinoma,the mtDNA D-loop region of the transfected cells displays new mutation points.2,The external source pieces of the mutated mtDNA can integrate to nuclear genome after transfection.3,There's no differences in apoptosis between combinations after transfected the mutation of mtDNA in NIH3T3 and LST cells.4,The mutated mtDNA may affect the action mechanism of occurrence and development in colorectal carcinoma through affecting its mtDNA mutation or integrating exogenetic mtDNA to its nuclear which may cause the abnormal expression of oncogene or anti-oncogene.

（1）转染突变的大肠癌细胞mtDNA后转染细胞的mtDNA均可发生多处的突变位点。（2）通过转染后突变的外源性的mtDNA可以整合到核基因组内。（3）突变的mtDNA转染LST细胞及NIH3T3细胞后，不影响转染细胞的凋亡改变。（4）mtDNA的突变可能通过影响体细胞mtDNA的突变和通过外源性mtDNA在核内的整合从而影响癌基因或抑癌基因的表达异常，从而参与肿瘤的发生发展。线粒体DNA；D―环区；突变；质粒；pcDNA3.1；转染

Result:22 out of 40(55%) primary tumors were detected the point mutations in the coden 12th of k-ras an d n-ras,h-ras.The point mutations of p53 E5 and E7 were found in 16 laryng eal tumors (16/40,40%).

结果：H-ras基因突变9例，突变率为22 。5%(9/40)；K-ras基因突变8例，突变率为20%(8/40)，N-ras基因突变5例，突变率为12.5%(5/40)。p53基因第5外显子突变7例，突变率为17.5%(7/40)；第7外显子突变9例，突变率为22 。5%(9/40)。5例发现有两种基因突变，且均表现为ras基因和p53外显子改变。

These were raised underinducing condition to test if any morphology and structure changes. Twenty two Arabidopsismutants had various changes in morphology and anatomical structures. Twenty mutants hadlow germination rate from 10% to 60%, of which 2 had survival rates at 0% and 50%. Fivemutants occurred structure changes in the hypocotyls or stem. One of these lines, namedarris-stem, showed some unique changes: slower growth rate in comparison with the wildtype from germination to florescence; serrated margin of leaf blades, spiral rosette; morebranch in the bottom part of the stem, shorter nodes, twisted stem and branch. There were oneor several arrises along the stem. Across sections of the arrises showed one or several compactcells lumps which were round, made up of several layers of cells, looked like vascular-bundle.

在诱导条件下，这些突变体表现出不同的形态和结构的变化，共有22个表型和结构发生变化。20个突变系发芽率或存活率较低，发芽率由10％—60％，其中2个突变系存活率分别为0％和50％。5个突变系在茎或下胚轴的结构上发生变化，其中一个突变系arris-stem发生如下表型变化：从真叶出现至开花结实的整个生长期，生长速度要明显比野生型拟南芥缓慢；叶缘有明显锯齿，莲座叶呈螺旋状排列；茎的基部有较多侧枝，侧枝间距明显缩短，茎有明显扭曲；突变体茎侧面有1至数条棱形突起，内部存在一至数个排列紧密的细胞团，由多层细胞呈环形排列，细胞壁明显加厚，内部存在管状分子，推测为维管组织。

A type has 7 point mutations(5 samples). B type has 6 point mutations (3 samples), C type has 4 point mutations (3 samples) and D type has 2 point mutations(1sample). Acid amino alignment shows that the most mutations of gastric cancer are mis-sense mutations, few ones are synonymous mutations. Most of the mutations occurred in regulating domain down to the HMG-box,only 2 sites in HMG-box.The mutations have same sites in middle and late stage samples. The results revealed that SOX4 mutations are associated with gastric cancer,which is possible a late accident in gastric cancer.

通过对相应的氨基酸序列的比对发现，发生在中晚期胃癌中的突变多为错义突变，同义突变不多，且突变大多发生在HMG盒下游编码区，在HMG盒内的突变只有两处，中期胃癌与晚期胃癌的突变有相同之处，但SOX4基因的突变位点随肿瘤的演进有增加的趋势。

It was also found base transversion had a extremely high ocurrence frequency in the single base substitution mutants when the plasmid was replicated in FL-FEN-1〓 cell or MNNG pretreated FL-FEN-1〓 cell, while in all mutants with multiple base substitution there were at least one transversion mutation taken place.

分析还发现，在FL-FEN-1〓细胞自发突变和非定标突变含有单碱基替换突变的突变子中，碱基颠换的发生率极高，而在FL-FEN-1〓细胞自发突变和非定标突变的多碱基替换突变子中，每个突变子均至少含有一个碱基颠换突变。

与突变相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

chromosomal aberration：染色体突变

染色体突变(chromosomal aberration)也称染色体畸变或异常. 它是指染色体数目、大小和结构的改变. 染色体突变和基因突变一样,也是产生遗传变异的重要原因. 基因突变大都是DNA分子上碱基的变化,染色体突变则是整个DNA分子在较大范围内的变化,

mutant allele：突变等位基因:任何和野生型基因不同的基因

mutant 突变体:发生突变的细胞或个体. | mutant allele 突变等位基因:任何和野生型基因不同的基因. | mutation 突变:除重组外任何使遗传物质发生改变的过程.

gene mutation：基因突变

第二节基因突变和诱变育种20 基因突变(gene mutation):突变细胞的遗传物质的分子结构或数量发生可遗传的变化. 突变的类型: 营养缺陷型(auxotroph)菌株:野生型菌株发生基因突变而丧失合成一种或几种生长因子的能力,从而不能在基本培养基上生长的变异菌株.

induced mutation：诱发突变

而诱变剂处理所诱发的突变称为诱发突变(induced mutation),自然发生的突变是自发突变(spontaneous mutatiow). 这两种突变之间并没有本质的区别. 突变表型显示出DNA改变所产生的后果,这是由于蛋白功能改变的结果.

mutant：突变体

回复突变(reverse mutation): 突变体(mutant)经过第二次突变又完全地或部份地恢复为原来的基因型和表现型.完全恢复是由于突变的碱基顺序经第二次突变后又变为原来的碱基顺序,故亦称真正的回复突变.部分恢复是由于第二次突变发生在另一部位上,

mutant strain：突变株,突变系

mutant gene 突变基因 | mutant strain 突变株,突变系 | mutation 突变

conditional mutant：条件突变体,条件突变型,条件突变株

conditional lethal mutantion 条件致死突变 | conditional mutant 条件突变体,条件突变型,条件突变株 | conditional mutation 条件突变

mutation rate：突变率:在每个单位时间(如每个世代)细胞发生突变的数

mutation frequency 突变频率:群体中突变的频率. | mutation rate 突变率:在每个单位时间(如每个世代)细胞发生突变的数. | muton 突变子:最小的突变单位,现已知为一对碱基.

somatic mutation：体细胞突变

3.体细胞突变(somatic mutation)体细胞在发育过程中可发生基因突变. 以长期体外培养的B细胞前体为例,每个细胞每个碱基对的突变率约为1~43×10-5,这种点突变主要发生在V基因. 体细胞突变扩展了原有胚系众多基因片段重排的多样性.

cytoplasmic mutation：(细)胞质突变

所有的poky小菌落表型的后代都像原来的poky小菌落品系,在杂交中作为母本时就把poky 小菌落传递给许多后代. 但并不呈显一定的分离比. 故不可能是核基因突变之故. 这种突变就称为核外突变(extranuclear mutaation)或细胞质突变(cytoplasmic mutation)