睡眠

基本解释 (translations)

dormancy  ·  doss  ·  Morpheus  ·  repose  ·  rest  ·  rests  ·  sleep  ·  sleeping  ·  slumber  ·  reposed  ·  slumbering  ·  somnus  ·  dossed  ·  dosses  ·  dossing  ·  reposes  ·  reposing  ·  rested  ·  sleeps  ·  slumbered  ·  slumbers

词组短语

shut-eye

与睡眠相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Sleep apnea syndrome is regarded as the most important sleep disorder discovered in the 20th century as well as the significant research direction for sleep medicine. Sleeping breath-ceasing results in a symptom of repeated arterial anoxemia in sleeping, which can easily cause harm to cardio- pulmonary and causes sequela and complicating disease such as excessive day-time sleepiness and drowsy driving, even sudden death in sleeping. In such situations, the disease not only consume a lot of medical resources but also has a bad impact on the patient' living quality.

睡眠呼吸中止症候群被认为是二十世纪所发现最重要的睡眠障碍，也是睡眠医学重要的研究方向，患者因睡眠呼吸中止造成睡眠期间反覆缺氧的结果而容易导致心肺功能受损、白天嗜睡、疲劳驾驶等并发症与后遗症，严重者甚至造成睡眠中猝死，不但耗费医疗资源，也将严重影响患者生活品质。

The effect of sleep improvement of the three dosages(570 mg/kg,1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg)of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae was studied by the experiments of sleep-induced directly, prolonging sleeping time induced by pentobarbital sodium, affecting mouse sleeping rate under the threshold hypnogenesis dosage of pentobarbital sodium and affecting sleeping delitescence induced by tobarbital sodium. The content of 5-HT in the brain of mouse was measured by fluorescence assay.

通过直接睡眠实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量实验和巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验，比较低、中、高3个剂量（570 ，1 000 及2 000 mg/kg）酸枣仁粉剂对小鼠睡眠的影响，并且用荧光法测定小鼠脑中 5-羟色胺含量。

objective to study the correlation among psychosomatic health factors,depression,anxiety and sleep status in college students,to analyze influence factors in sleep status.methods with questionnaire opened in-vestigation,200college students were evaluated using cornell medical index,self-rating depression,self-rating anxiety scaleand pittsburgh sleep quality index.stepwise regression analysis was used.re-sults total score of sds was35.55±7.8,and sas was0.48±0.9.each score of cmi was higher than normal range,the highest was digestion system,next was respiration system,then,fatigue,eyes and ears,anxiety,sensitivity,tension,maladjustment in turn.total average score of psqi was6.32±3.6,ordinary sleep were115cases（57.5%）,good and bad sleep were42（21%）and43（21.5%）cases respectively.influence factors in total score of psqi were sas,cmi,respiration system,anxiety,past healthy,digestion system,fatigue,sensitivity,sds and malad-justment in turn,using stepwise regression analysis,total score of psqi as dependent variable,each factor score of cmi,total score of sds and sas as independent variables.conclusion problems of psychosomatic health,anxiety and depression could both lead to sleep disorder.

目的 研究在校大学生心身健康因素及抑郁焦虑等与睡眠状况的相关性，并对影响睡眠状况的有关因素进行分析。方法采用问卷式的开放性研究，对在校的200名大学生进行康奈尔心身健康问卷、自评抑郁量表、焦虑自评量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量量表的测定，采用逐步回归分析方法。结果 sds总分为35.55±7.8、sas总分为0.48±0.9，cmi评分：消化系统最为严重评分为2.52，其次为呼吸系统、疲劳感、眼和耳、焦虑、敏感、紧张、不适应等，评分均高于正常常模。psqi总均分为6.32±3.6，一般睡眠有115例占57.5%，睡眠质量较好42例占21.0%，睡眠质量较差43例占21.5%。评估对睡眠状况的影响程度，以psqi总分为因变量，选择cmi各因子分和sds、sas总分作为自变量，进行多因素逐步回归分析，进入方程的因素依据标准化偏回归系数，影响psqi总分的因素依次为sas总分、cmi总分、呼吸系统、焦虑、既往健康、消化系统、疲劳感、敏感、sds总分、不适应（f=226.8；p.01；r=0.73）。结论心身健康问题和焦虑抑郁可导致睡眠障碍。

"Sleep disruptions were similar in the NR and RD conditions, but did not involve REM sleep; the effects on pain threshold observed in the RD condition were therefore due specifically to the loss of REM sleep, not to the disruption of sleep per se," noted Dr. Roehrs."We found that REM loss itself was hyperalgesic."

Roehrs博士强调，在无快速眼动睡眠的因素下，NR及RD的睡眠干扰情况皆类似；在RD状态时，疼痛感受值会受到影响，这主要是因为丧失快速眼动睡眠的关系，而不是睡眠本身受到影响；我们发现，快速眼动睡眠的丧失，本质上就是痛觉过敏。

Sleep is a common physiological phenomenon of animals. We may have different kinds of sleep disorders in our daily life, such as difficulty falling asleep, insomnia, hypersomnia and changes of sleep patterns, etc.

睡眠是人与动物的普遍生理现象，人们在日常生活中常常会出现各种各样的睡眠障碍，比如入睡困难、睡眠减少、睡眠过度和睡眠模式的改变等。

The results showed that older age, women, widowed, low level education , unemployed, have religious belief and low income, obesity , unhealth status, many doctor visits, no exercise and low sleep hours have bad quality of sleep.The study reveals that the sex, marital status, education, body mass index, health status, doctor visits, exercise status and sleep hours under six hours were significant associated with the quality of sleep.

本研究针对国人睡眠品质以及失眠情形加以探讨，研究结果显示，年龄越大、女性、丧偶、教育程度低、无工作、有宗教信仰以及个人收入较低者、肥胖者(BMI≧27)、自觉健康状况不佳、就医次数多、无运动以及睡眠时数小於6小时者的睡眠品质有较严重的情形；其中性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、身体质量指数、自觉健康状况、就医次数、运动状态以及睡眠时数小於6小时者是影响睡眠品质的因素。

More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing 1. E: Investigators ...found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling, than...

该句回应了文章的主题-睡眠时间太长不是好事；对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E是答案(睡眠长和睡眠短的人所面临的睡眠问题)。

E: Investigators ...found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling, than...

该句回应了文章的主题-睡眠时间太长不是好事；对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E是答案（睡眠长和睡眠短的人所面临的睡眠问题）。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

The Da Vinci sleep schedule, also known as the " sleep of genius " or polyphasic sleep , is a type of sleep pattern which involves sleeping not more than 5 hours a day.

达芬奇睡眠法，又叫做天才睡眠法或者多相睡眠法，是一种每天睡眠不超过5个小时的睡眠法。

与睡眠相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

sleep apnea：睡眠窒息

睡眠窒息(Sleep apnea)是一种睡眠时暂时性的呼吸中断,一晚上中断次数可达十几次甚至上百次. 世界上无数的人深受其害. 美国科学家近日为睡眠窒息患者带来了福音,他们首次发现了睡眠窒息的详细分子路径,有望据此开发出有效的治疗方案.

sleep deprivation：睡眠剥夺

睡眠剥夺(sleep deprivation)也就是禁睡诱发试验. 可分为全部睡眠剥夺(指NREM和REM睡眠两期均予剥夺)、选择性睡眠剥夺(目前集中研究剥夺REM睡眠的试验,第一夜被剥夺,第二夜则加倍补偿,持续数夜剥夺,可使患者一入睡就做梦)和部分睡眠剥夺(指剥夺后半夜睡眠)之类.

Sleep state misperception：认知性睡眠困扰、睡眠状态知觉异常

入睡抽动、睡眠抽动 Sleep starts | 认知性睡眠困扰、睡眠状态知觉异常 Sleep state misperception | 主观性失眠 subjective insomnia

narcolepsy：发作性睡眠症

患发作性睡眠症(narcolepsy)的人可以在日常活动中突然滑入做梦的睡眠,有时竟发展到摔跤使自己受伤的程度,还有睡眠中的呼吸暂停,他们间歇性地在睡眠中停止呼吸以致晚上无法好好休息,白天又十分困倦,甚至使大脑受到伤害.

paradoxical sleep：异相睡眠

人类的睡眠可以分为两种类型:慢波睡眠(Slow wave sleep)和异相睡眠(Paradoxical sleep),这两个称呼是源于人入睡后脑电的波动情况. 让我们每天晚上异相睡眠(REM)的总时间除以我们想象一个故事需要的时间,结果就是一个正常人每晚大约做梦的数量!

paradoxical sleep：异型睡眠、矛盾睡眠、逆理睡眠、吊诡睡眠

表现焦虑 performance anxiety | 异型睡眠、矛盾睡眠、逆理睡眠、吊诡睡眠 Paradoxical sleep | 异睡症、类睡症 Parasomnias

Sleep starts：入睡抽动、睡眠抽动

睡眠分期、睡眠阶段、睡眠阶期 Sleep stages | 入睡抽动、睡眠抽动 Sleep starts | 认知性睡眠困扰、睡眠状态知觉异常 Sleep state misperception

Sleep-related gastroesophageal reflux：睡眠相关胃食道逆流、睡眠相关胃酸逆流

睡眠相关哮喘、夜间哮喘 Sleep-related asthma | 睡眠相关胃食道逆流、睡眠相关胃酸逆流 Sleep-related gastroesophageal reflux | 睡眠相关的神经性呼吸急促症 Sleep-related neurogenic tachypnea

somnipathy：睡眠障碍

睡眠障碍(somnipathy)系指睡眠-觉醒过程中表现出来的各种功能障碍. 睡眠质量下降是人们常见的主诉,成年人群中长期睡眠障碍者可多至15%. 广义的睡眠障碍应该包括各种原因导致的失眠、过度嗜睡、睡眠呼吸障碍以及睡眠行为异常,

Sleep stages：睡眠分期、睡眠阶段、睡眠阶期

睡眠限制疗法 Sleep restriction therapy | 睡眠分期、睡眠阶段、睡眠阶期 Sleep stages | 入睡抽动、睡眠抽动 Sleep starts