环流

基本解释 (translations)

circumfluence

词组短语

circulating current · circular current

与环流相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

The SSTA of February and August in 1998 had two peaks, while the wind speed reached its maximum minus anomalies in January and August. In order to find the circulation anomaly in the South China Sea, the circulation of 19952000 had been calculated by the ECOM hydrodynamic numerical model. The elevation and circulation of January and August in 1998 indicated that there were great anomaly of elevation and circulation after this El Nio event.(1)In January, the whole South China Sea had positive sea level anomaly and anticyclonic velocity anomaly, so the cyclonic circulation was weaker than normal.(2) In August, the South China Sea had positive sea level anomaly, especially stronger in the east of Vietnam, and cyclonic velocity anomaly in south, anticyclonic velocity in north, especially strong in the east of Vietnam. So the cyclonic gyre in the north and the anticyclonic gyre in the south were both weaker than normal, and an anticyclonic gyre appeared in the east of Vietnam.

为研究南海环流在1997/1998年的异常变化，利用ECOM水动力模型计算了1995—2000年的南海环流场，分析了1998年1月和8月南海水位和环流的异常分布，二者均存在显著的异常：①1月，整个南海海盆为正的水位异常，流场为反气旋异常环流，冬季控制整个南海海盆的气旋式环流减弱；②8月，南海海盆水位为正异常，特别是越南东部海区出现较强的正水位异常，南海南部的高水位中心扩大北移；异常流场表现为南部为气旋式异常环流，北部为反气旋的异常环流，且在越南东部海区形成非常强的反气旋异常环流中心，使得控制南海南部的反气旋环流和北部的气旋环流均减弱。

Monsoon circulation index and Walker circulation index have good relationship with El Ni o weaken and La Nina ended in respectively.

分析发现季风环流强度指数极小值和Walker环流强度指数极大值的出现对SSTA转折均具超前性，因此，季风环流的变化对预报El Ni o减弱或La Nina结束及SSTA变化趋势具有一定的指示意义。

Then the Hadley circulation in the Eastern Hemisphere is weakened and that in the Western Hemisphere is enhanced, followed with the moment of momentum taken by its ascending branch increased in the Western Hemisphere while weakened in the Eastern Hemisphere. The PNA pattern is enhanced and the Pacific-East Asian teleconnection is weakened. As a result, the atmospheric circulation's response to the ENSO events in the Eastern Hemisphere is weakened and that in the Western Hemisphere is enhanced.

o事件使Walker环流减弱及其上升支东移的现象更明显，Hadley环流在东半球减弱而在西半球增强，由其上升支带至中纬的角动量在东半球减少，西半球增多，造成影响西半球大气环流的PNA型遥相关增强，影响东半球的太平洋-东亚型遥相关减弱，进而使得ENSO对东半球大气环流的影响减弱而对西半球大气环流的影响则有所增强。

It is indicated that the updrafts of the Arabian Sea meridional cell tube and the south zonal cell tube arrive in the SCS at the same time in May, which brings strong convective precipitation. Meanwhile, the westerly of the meridional cell tube and the southerly of the south zonal cell tube combine together to form the southwesterly at the low levels, resulting in the onset of the SCS monsoon.

研究发现阿拉伯海经向环流管的上升气流和南半球纬向环流管的上升气流在5月份同时到达南海，经向环流管低层的偏西风和纬向环流管低层的偏南风共同组成西南风，于是5月份西南季风在南海地区首先爆发。

Land-sea heating, monsoon circulation, eastern Pacific trade wind and the slow seasonal shift of NE Pacific SST form winter to summer bihemispherically- all in joint action give rise to the enhancement of the Walker circulation that will travel east-and northward (west-and southward); the intensification of the maintained eastern Pacific Hadley circulation and north America-Alatantic Walker circulation zonally is responsible dominantly for the zonal/meridional movement of the WPSH in the winter-to-summer (or summer-to-winter) shift and its combination with the north American subtropical high.

海陆加热、季风环流、东太平洋信风以及东北太平洋海表温度由冬向夏关于赤道南北季节转换的迟缓性等综合作用导致的纬向Walker环流的加强东移和北抬、持续的东太平洋Hadley环流和北美—大西洋纬向Walker环流的加强是西太平洋副高由冬向夏产生东西、南北移动及其与北美副高合并的主要原因。

The main characteristic of the meridional cell averaged over 110~ 140°E is as follows: The monsoon cell in East Asia replaces Ferrel cell in January and Hadley cell in July in the Northern Hemisphere. In addition, its decadal change is very obvious.

2110～140°E的平均经圈环流主要特点是：1月东亚季风环流圈代替了北半球的Ferrel环流圈，7月东亚季风环流圈代替了北半球的Hadley环流圈，而且其10年际变化也比较明显。

By using the NCEP/NCAR (National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis of daily with the horizontal resolution of 10°×10°(lat./lon. grid), the representative Pacific area (0°～ 60°N, 160°E～120°W) in northern hemisphere summer is chosen to analyse the 3D wind field, according to which the mean meridional circulation of the lower and middle latitudes, especially the Ferrel cell, is studied and a new concept model of Ferrel cell is carried out. Compared with the classical model, the new one describes more precisely the low and high level winds and has the ability to describe how the westerlies sustain on the real rotating Earth.

本文利用1998～2003年的NCEP/NCAR（National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research，美国国家环境预报中心/美国国家大气研究中心）再分析资料（10°×10°，经/纬度网格），根据北半球夏季（6～8月）太平洋地区（0°～60°N；160°E～120°W）的三维风场的基本特征，分析了北半球夏季太平洋地区平均经圈环流，特别是Ferrel环流的特征，发现Ferrel环流具有与已往研究不同的性质，并在此基础上提出了Ferrel环流新的概念模型，与过去的经典的环流概念模型相比能较好地描述高低空环流的基本特征，同时在考虑地球自转效应下，能够完满地解释中高纬度西风带的维持。

By using the NCEP/NCAR (National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis of daily with the horizontal resolution of 1.0°x1.0°(lat./lon. grid), the representative Pacific area (0°~60°N, 160°E~120°W) in northern hemisphere summer (Jun-Jul-Aug) is chosen to analyse the 3-D wind field, according to which the mean meridional circulation of the lower and middle latitudes, especially the Ferrel cell, is studied and a new concept model of Ferrel cell is carried out. Compared with the classical model, the new one describes more precisely the low- and high- level winds and has the ability to describe how the westerlies sustain on the real rotating Earth.

本文利用1998~2003年的NCEP/NCARNational Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research，美国国家环境预报中心／美国国家大气研究中心）再分析资料（1.0°×l.0°，经／纬度网格），根据北半球夏季（6~8月）太平洋地区(0°~60°N； 160°E~120°W的三维风场的基本特征，分析了北半球夏季太平洋地区平均经圈环流，特别是Ferrel环流的特征，发现Ferrel环流具有与已往研究不同的性质，并在此基础上提出了Ferrel环流新的概念模型，与过去的经典的环流概念模型相比能较好地描述高低空环流的基本特征，同时在考虑地球自转效应下，能够完满地解释中高纬度西风带的维持。

As a result, a weak indirect cell is formed in high latitudes. By the 36th time step, the model atmosphere accomplishes the transition form one-cell circulation to two-cell circulation. There is a momentum source in the upper subtropical region. During the transition, the"polar westerlies jet"gets weakened and vanishes at the end, while the subtropical westerlies jet gets strengthened. At this two-cell stage, the generation and dissipation of westerly angular momentum do not balance each other, and the atmosphere is still at an unstable state with great surplus of angular momentum generation.

随着模式的运行，直接环流加强，地表东风带制造西风角动量加大，上支气流的加强，同样在科氏力的作用下，在副热带地区形成副热带西风急流，同时所谓的&极地西风激流&向赤道靠拢、减弱，最后消失，这时在整个半球形成了靠赤道的直接环流和靠极地一侧的间接环流，两圈环流形成的过程仅仅需要9个小时左右。

Based on the data analysis and numerical simulation, the Arctic sea ice climate variability was researched, the result were as following:(1) The analysis on the seasonal cycle of the Arctic Ocean and atmosphere showed that: The seasonal surface wind is somewhat trade wind like in some regions in the Arctic. The surface air temperature is robustly determined from the underlying environments such as sea ice and Greenland glaciers. In the sea ice region the precipitation rate is larger than that of evaporation. Furthermore, the Arctic Ocean hydrology is profoundly influenced by the surrounding rivers discharge. These are the decisive factors on the ocean salinity pattern. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait is larger in winter than in summer. From the 40s in the 20th century on, the ice volume flux has an increasing trend. The Arctic rivers flood season is about the melt period, the winter rivers discharge has a significant increasing. Correlation analysis shows that 7 to 10 years is a characteristic time scale that rivers discharge leads Fram Strait ice volume export.(2) Considering 9 major arctic rivers, the Arctic Ocean circulation was simulated through BOM. The result shows that: The BOM can reproduce the main Arctic Ocean circulation pattern. The"Islandization"which is commonly used in OGCMs to treat the North Pole, not only influences the ocean current near the pole, but also influences the current in the Northern Atlantic Ocean, thus the bogus island might influence global climate through thermohaline circulation in the Atlantic Ocean.

在资料分析和数值模拟的基础上，对北极海冰的气候变率进行了深入的研究，结果如下：(1)对北极地区大气和海洋季节循环特征的分析表明，气候平均风场在部分地区具有&信风&的性质；而气温场与海冰分布及格陵兰半岛冰原的下垫面特征有密切关系；在北极海冰区的降水量大于蒸发量，并且在全球大洋中北冰洋受到河流径流的影响最大，对北冰洋的盐度分布有决定作用；通过弗瑞姆海峡的海冰通量在冬半年大于夏半年，并且从20世纪40年代起，海冰的体积输送有增加趋势；北极河流的汛期主要在融化季节，冬季的河流流量有显著增加的趋势；相关分析表明7到10年是北极河流流量影响弗瑞姆海峡海冰体积输送的一个特征时间尺度；(2)采用BOM海洋模式对北冰洋海洋环流进行了模拟研究，在模式中考虑了北极9条主要河流的作用，结果表明该海洋模式可以较好模拟出北冰洋海洋环流的基本特征；多数大洋环流模式采用&北极岛化&的方法处理北极点，模拟结果表明&北极岛化&不仅影响到极点附近的海流，还会对相对较远的北大西洋海流造成影响，并可能通过大西洋的热盐环流对全球气候产生影响；(3)采用CSIM4海冰模式对北极海冰的气候态进行了模拟。

与环流相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Atmospheric circulation：环流异常

大气环流:atmospheric circulation | 环流异常:atmospheric circulation | 大气环流:atmospheric general circulation

circulating：循环,环流

循环,环流 circulation | 循环,环流 circulating | 冷硬,骤冻 chill

Ocean circulation：大洋环流

[大洋环流](ocean circulation)存在于大洋中的海水环流. 它主要受大气环流风带、海洋中热辐射和海水盐度等影响,其中又以大气环流的影响最为重要;因而,世界洋、海流的分布与世界风带的分布有着密切的关系. 在信风区有一股自东向西的赤道海流,

circumfluent：周流的, 环流的

circumfluence /周流/环流/回流/ | circumfluent /周流的/环流的/ | circumflux /环流/

cyclosis：胞质环流

在植物细胞中,细胞质的流动是围绕中央液泡进行的环形流动模式,这种流动称为胞质环流(cyclosis). 在胞质环流中,细胞周质区(cortical region)的细胞质是相当稳定的不流动的,只是靠内层部分的胞质溶胶在流动.

meridional circulation：经向环流,经向环流

meridional cell 经向环流,经向环流 | meridional circulation 经向环流,经向环流 | meridional component 子午分量

oceanic circulation：大洋环流; 海洋环流

oceanic absorption 海洋吸收 | oceanic circulation 大洋环流; 海洋环流 | Oceanic General Circulation Model (OGCM) 海洋环流模式

circumfluence：绕流;回流;环流

secondary circulation 二次环流;次级环流 | circumfluence 绕流;回流;环流 | cistern 水箱;水槽

meridional circulation：经向环流,经向环流

meridional cell ==> 经向环流,经向环流 | meridional circulation ==> 经向环流,经向环流 | meridional component ==> 子午分量

wind-driven circulation：风生环流

vernal circulation 春季环流 | wind-driven circulation 风生环流 | zonal circulation 纬向环流