涡

基本解释 (translations)

whorl  ·  whorls

与涡相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Downstream axially from nose apex to afterbody,a local sectional-side-force extremum always presents itself behind the forming of the corresponding shed vortex and new lee-side vortex.

沿轴向从头部尖顶往后体，截面侧向力局部极值的形成总是滞后于相应脱落涡、新生背涡的形成，截面侧向力局部极值的大小同时取决于相应脱落涡、新生背涡的形成方式和相应背涡的强度。

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

The instability originated in the upper R_B-like convection zone develops to larger region with the increase of Grashof number, and the number of non-axi-symmetric circulations decreases. When Grashof number exceeds another critical value, cooling air may invade the cavity and flow toward the shroud, the circulations decrease to one pair occupying the whole cavity in radial, thus these two zones are merged into one. The core structures in the cavity rotate against the disks, while the structures keep no change at the case of periodic oscillatory flow. With the Grashof number rises, the flow undergoes stable, periodic, periodic with cool air invading, quasi-periodic and ultimately to chaos.

离心浮升力是造成非等温轴向通流旋转盘腔内流动不稳定的主要因素，而哥氏力的存在加剧了流动不稳定性，导致流场失稳提前发生，而且在哥氏力的作用下流线发生偏转，盘腔内r-θ面出现了旋向相反的对涡，流动结构更加复杂化；随离心浮升力的继续增加，r-θ面的对涡减少，当其超过某一临界值后部分冷流体侵入盘腔，对涡减少至一对，而且沿径向充满整个盘腔；此后随离心浮升力的增加对涡的数量不再变化；r-θ面的对涡相对于盘面周向移动，但是形状基本保持不变。

The effect of upper tropospheric perturbation PV on the development of the South-West Meso-cyclogenesis is discussed on Hoskins PV Principle in terms of conservation of PV on isobaric surface and humid isentropic PV.Upper tropospheric perturbation PV,which dilates slantwise downward and southward,is found to be an important factor to influence the low-level South-West Mesocyclone.

基于Hoskins位涡理论思想从等压面位涡守恒和湿等熵位涡守恒的角度来研究对流层高层位涡扰动对低层西南涡的发生发展影响，发现对流层高层位涡扰动是影响西南涡发生发展的重要因素，它对西南涡的影响表现出它有向南向下倾斜伸展的特点。

Through analysis of potential vorticity in isobaric surface field, in high-troposphere a positive potential vorticity disturbance before rainstorm generation;positive potential vorticity disturbance in high-troposphere downward, form one vertical disturbance column, now corresponding precipitation develop stage;When near ground arises negative potential vorticity disturbance, precipitation also weaken.

通过对等压面的位涡分析，发现在暴雨发生发展时，在对流层高层有正位涡向下扰动，在暴雨的发展鼎盛阶段，从对流层中高层到地面形成一个垂直扰动柱；位涡柱对地面气旋的发展有较好的指示性，位涡柱形成时刻前后降水达到最强；当近地面出现负的位涡扰动时，降水随之减弱。

SVD is extended after analysis and discussion, and an deduction, i. e., Upsliding Slantwise Vorticity Development is produced.

1通过对倾斜涡度发展理论的探讨和分析，对理论进行了推广，提出上滑倾斜涡度发展理论；对由倾斜涡度发展理论推得的全型垂直涡度方程与经典的涡度方程做了简单的比较推导，指出经典涡度方程是全型涡度方程在等熵面平坦时的一个特例，全型涡度方程描述了等熵面倾斜的地区涡度的发展。

After analyzing the performance anduncertainty of the DDPM vortex flowmeter in gas-liquid bubble flows, the vortexflowmeter-Venturi tube combinative method using the vortex flowmeter and the Venturi tube as measuring cells was put forward, the measurement model based on thevortex frequency and the Venturi differential pressure was established, and it showsthat the relative errors of this method for the mass flow measurement of bubble flowsare within±5%. Furthermore, the flowrate and volume void fraction of bubble flowswere obtained using a single DDPM vortex flowmeter through the relationshipbetween the frequency and amplitude of the circumferential DDPM signal, and resultsdemonstrate that the relative errors of the flowrate and volume void fraction of bubbleflows are within±5% and±10% respectively, which indicates the broad applicabilityof this method to large numbers of engineering fields.

通过分析管壁差压式涡街流量计在气液泡状流中的性能和不确定度，提出了以涡街流量计和文丘里管作为测量元件的&涡街—文丘里联合法&，建立了以涡街频率和文丘里差压为被测量的测量模型，该方法对气液泡状流质量流量的测量相对误差可达±5％；通过建立涡街周向管壁差压信号频率和幅度与被测流体的关系，使用单个涡街流量计实现了对气液泡状流流量和体积含气率的双参数测量，该方法对气液泡状流流量和体积含气率的测量相对误差分别为±5％和±10％，可以满足大量工业实际应用的要求。

The southwest vortex restricted the development of the plateau vortex in some way at the early stage when it appeared in the lower atmosphere. When they were coupled longitudinally, the vertical difference caused by the different vorticity advections between the upper and lower levels excitated the updrafts under 500 hPa and strengthened cyclone vorticity, and then the positive vorticity at 500 hPa and 700 hPa increased by two times The change rate of positive vorticity facilitated the plateau vortex to move eastward.

分析表明：高原涡与西南涡涡心之间的纬向距离在5个纬度的时候，两者上升气流都在500 hPa以下，当两者继续东移，在经向上耦合的时候，二者同时得到发展，西南涡中心的上升气流达到300 hPa，而高原涡中心的上升气流突破200 hPa；西南涡在低层出现初期，在一定程度上制约了高原涡的发展，随着两者在经向方向发生耦合，上下涡度平流不同造成垂直差动，将激发500 hPa以下的上升运动与气旋性涡度加强，使得500 hPa与700 hPa涡心正涡度值的增大近 1倍。

The shear layer vortices dominate in the initial portion of the jet, which are a result of the K-H instability. The crossflow encounters an adverse pressure gradient ahead of the jet and separates to form horseshoe vortices under the pressure downstream, and they develop into the wake. The wake vorticity comes into being in the actions of an adverse pressure gradient and a wall-normal component of vorticity, which originates from the wall boundary and is entrained into the jet. The shear layer vortices encounter adverse pressure gradients in the lee of the jet and break down, leading to the formation of the CVP and the CVP is the most important characteristic of the jet in crossflow.

文中指出：剪切层涡源于射流与横流之间的K-H不稳定性；马蹄形涡的产生是由于射流喷口上游迎风侧的壁面边界层内存在逆压梯度，使流动发生了分离，在下游逆压梯度的挤压作用下，形成了马蹄形涡，马蹄形涡向下游发展，进入尾迹区；在逆压梯度和法向涡生成项的共同作用下产生了尾迹涡，尾迹涡源于壁面边界层，止于射流，并将部分涡量向上输运至射流内部的CVP；CVP是横向紊动射流的重要特征，剪切层涡破裂后，在逆压梯度的作用下CVP形成。

In present paper a three-dimensional discrete vortex filament method is put forward to simulate the motion and bubble entrainment of an inviscid,incompressible vortex ring .

本文发展了三维离散涡模型用于模拟无粘不可压缩涡环的发展及其与气泡的相互作用，涡环被离散为平均分布在其中心线上的球形涡元，由Biot-Sarvart定律叠加每个涡元的诱导速度得到涡环的运动速度。

与涡相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

convective cell：对流涡胞

马蹄涡horseshoe vortex | 对流涡胞convective cell | 卷筒涡胞roll cell

eddy currents：涡电流

eddy current loss 涡琉耗 | eddy currents 涡电流 | eddy diffusion 涡俩散

eddy current damping：涡凌尼

eddy current circuit 涡羚路 | eddy current damping 涡凌尼 | eddy current dynamometer 涡力率计

eddy current damping：涡 阻尼

754 eddy current 涡电 ,涡 | 755 eddy current damping 涡 阻尼 | 756 eddy current loss 涡 损耗

eddy current loss：涡琉失

eddy current field 涡痢 | eddy current loss 涡琉失 | eddy current loss factor 涡琉耗系数

eddy current loss factor：涡琉耗系数

eddy current loss 涡琉失 | eddy current loss factor 涡琉耗系数 | eddy current motor 涡羚动机

eddy current brake：涡疗动器

eddy current 涡羚流 | eddy current brake 涡疗动器 | eddy current loss 涡琉耗

horseshoe vortex：马蹄涡

卡门涡街Karman vortex street | 马蹄涡horseshoe vortex | 对流涡胞convective cell

scrollwork：涡形装饰

scrollwork 涡卷装饰 | scrollwork 涡形装饰 | scrollworkdesign 涡形花纹

volute casing：涡形外壳

涡形,涡卷 volute | 涡形外壳 volute casing | 涡形离心泵 volute centrifugal pump