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The result of factor analysis can provide the changes of relative precipitation and temperature variations. In trace elements, Cu, As, Zn, Pb and Ni were apparently enrichmented in soil layers and are sensitive to climatic changes. Carbon isotope is more sensitive to climatic changes than that of oxygen isotope in loess stratigraphy. The heavy mineral are varified in the loess stratigraphy, but their content differences between loess and palaeosol is little. Though the palynologic analyses results reveal that pollens and spores are fewer in the loess stratigraphy, they differ greatly in loess layer and palaeosol layer not only in species but also in types, i. e., the pollens and spores indicating warm and moist climate, such as Lles, Podocarpus, Polopydium, Pteris grerilliana Wall, Pterocarya and Juglans appear in palaeosol layers, while those indicating cold and dry climate such as Ephedra, Artemisia, Chinopodiaceae, Picea and Abies exist mainly in loess layers. The pollen content of broad-leaved tree mainly consisting of Pterocarya is up to 60% in palaeosol 〓, while the content of Ephedra is more than 50% in 〓 loess layer, showing that the environment differed greatly when 〓 and 〓 were formed.
当然,常量元素氧化物的组合因子分析结果可提供相对降水与相对温度在剖面的变化,因而来反映气候状况更为理想;微量元素中Cu、As、Zn、Pb与Ni在成土过程中富集明显,亦较好地反映了气候变化;稳定同位素中的碳同位素比氧同位素更能敏感记录气候的变化;研究区黄土地层中重矿物种类较多,但黄土层与古土壤层中含量差异不大;孢粉分析结果揭示,尽管研究区黄土层中孢粉总量相对较为贫乏,但黄土层与古土壤层中孢粉种属相差较大:在古土壤层内出现了指示相对暖湿环境的冬青属、罗汉松属、水龙骨属、林下凤尾蕨、枫杨、胡桃等植物孢粉,而黄土层中麻黄、藜科、蒿属及冷杉、云杉含量较高。
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One of a number of families into which the family Polypodiaceae has been subdivided in some classification systems; includes genera Blechnum; Doodia; Sadleria; Stenochlaena; Woodwardia.
在某些分类系统中细分的水龙骨科成员的一个科;乌毛蕨属;水龙骨属;狗脊属。
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equisetum:木贼属
部分蕨类植物,如木贼属(Equisetum)、水龙骨属(Polypodium)等,根和茎顶端的单个顶端细胞,则与其衍生的许多细胞构成简单的顶端分生组织. 石松属(Lycopodium)、瓶尔小草属(Ophioglossum)等的茎端和莲座蕨属(Angiopteris)的根端,以及种子植物根和茎的顶端...