损伤

基本解释 (translations)

damnification  ·  impairment  ·  mar  ·  marred  ·  scathe  ·  strain  ·  trauma  ·  damnify  ·  damnified  ·  damnifying  ·  marring  ·  mars  ·  scathed  ·  scathes  ·  strains  ·  traumas  ·  impairments  ·  lesions  ·  traumata

词组短语

cause loss to

与损伤相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

(1) cerebral ischemical reperfusion injury rats'limbs motor function is variable. Acupuncture could promote lims'functional recovery.(2) PCNA masc cells is visible in cerebral ischemical semidarkness region. There is cell regeneration phenomenon. Acupuncture could strengthen injury region's PCNA expression, could profit injury recovery and functional reconstruction.(3) In ischemia semidarkness region for the model group and acupuncture group, PCNA masc cells percentage of 14days group is lower than 7days group. Along with the recovery of injury, cell multiplication is weaken.(4) In cerebral ischemia semidarkness region, there is VEGF masc cells and regeneration phenomenon. Acupuncture could strengthen injury region's VEGF expression, could profit protection after injury and blood vessel regenerate.(5) In ischemia semidarkness region for the model group and acupuncture group, VEGF masc cells percentage of 14days group is lower than 7days group. Along with the recovery of semidarkness region, ischemia and anoxemia state is getting improved, and VEGF is reduce.(6) As there are PCNA and VEGF masc cells in brain injured region, we could conclude that, after brain ischemical reperfusion injury, there are blood vessel regeneration phenomenon. Acupuncture could promote blood vessel regeneration, recovery blood supply sufficiently and quickly, and promote the recovery of brain injury region.(7)The VEGF masc cells percentage of inhibitor group is lower than acupuncture group. It state that the effect of acupuncture promote VEGF is partly depend on the existing of eNOS.

实验结论：(1)脑缺血再灌注损伤后大鼠的肢体运动功能发生改变，针刺可以促进肢体功能恢复；(2)脑缺损伤区可见PCNA阳性细胞，存在细胞再生现象，针刺可以增强损伤区PCNA的表达，有利于损伤的修复和功能重建；(3)针刺组和模型组14d时缺血损伤区PCNA阳性细胞百分比低于7d组，随着损伤逐渐得到修复，细胞增殖现象减弱；(4)脑缺血损伤区可见VEGF阳性细胞，存在内皮型细胞再生现象，针刺可以增强损伤区VEGF的表达，有利于脑损伤后保护和缺血区血管再生；(5)针刺组和模型组14d时缺血损伤区VEGF阳性细胞百分比低于7d组，随着缺血损伤的修复，缺血缺氧状态得到改善，产生的VEGF减少；(6)由于脑损伤区同时出现PCNA阳性细胞和VEGF阳性细胞，前者是增殖细胞的标志，后者是促进血管再生的重要因子，可以推断，脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑内存在血管再生现象，针刺可以促进损伤区的血管再生，更迅速而充分的恢复损伤区的血供，促进脑损伤区的修复；(7)抑制剂针刺组脑损伤区VEGF阳性细胞百分比与针刺组相比有不同程度的降低，说明针刺促进缺血损伤区VEGF表达部分依赖eNOS的存在。

Results: 14 aphasic patients, including 1 RHL and 13 LHLs, were found 11 of 72 patients had apparent reading disorder, including 7 LHLs with language reading disorder and 4 RHLs with neglect reading disorder; and 29 of 72 patients had apparent writing disorder, including 13 LHLs with language writing disorder and 16 RHLs among whom 9 cases had visual space writing disorder and 7 cases had language writing disorder; RHLs showed lighter listenning comprehension disorder than that of LHLs in the test.

结果：本研究发现14例失语，其中右半球损伤1例，左半球损伤13例；11例明显阅读障碍，左半球损伤7例，均表现为语言性阅读障碍，右半球损伤4例，均为疏忽性阅读障碍；29例明显书写障碍，其中左半球损伤13例，均表现为语言性书写障碍，右半球损伤16例，9例为视空间性书写障碍，7例为语言性书写障碍；在听理解测试中右半球损伤患者较左半球损伤患者障碍程度轻。

According to Lemaitre's damage evolution law and the assumption of this paper that the cyclic loading maximum tensile stress has the most contribution to the cyclic damage and assume that the stress is the maximum stress .The material parameters S which are expressed in exponential form and generalize the variation in the process of cyclic loading is exponential experience equation which provide the expectation of cyclic damage of 63Sn/37Pb material and lead it into the calculation of damaged incremental form and assume that damage keeps constant during the same cycle. The results match the experimental data. It proves that the Endochronic plasticity theorem adopt the calculation of damage environment.

根据Lemaitre损伤演化律及本文假设循环负载下拉应力在最大值附近对循环损伤的贡献最大，文中应力对各循环之损伤而言假设应力为最大拉应力，将材料参数S以指数型式表示，归纳出疲劳损伤在循环负载过程中的变化为指数型经验式，提供63Sn/37Pb材料在循环负载作用时损伤情况的预测，并引入含损伤增量式内涵时间之计算中，假设同一循环的损伤为定值，其计算结果与实验数据吻合，说明内涵时间塑性理论亦适用於损伤环境下的计算。

The assessment formula for shear capacity was established as well, and in which various impact factors of shear strength was considered comprehensively.3. Directed against the main forms of transverse connection in concrete beam bridges, model test and finite element analysis were carried out to find the impact laws of damage on concrete T-beam bridges, in which the three ways of hinged joint, flange rigid connection and cross slab rigid connection were considered. Transverse distribution and degenerate state of transverse connection were studied under various damage conditions. Based on the analysis of test and simulation results, the rule of live load adjustment coefficient of T-beam bridge was put forward, as well as the calculation formula.4. In view of the influence of the damaged transverse connections to load effect, the load effect model was amended by live load adjustment coefficient.

依据损伤出现频率与重要性等级，提出典型损伤混凝土梁式桥按体系损伤、构件损伤和材料损伤三个层次进行评定的原则。2、基于构件和材料层次损伤评估研究成果，对比分析损伤机理和适用条件，提出了《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG D62-2004)抗弯承载力修正计算公式、抗剪承载力修正计算公式以及综合考虑抗剪强度影响因素的抗剪承载力评定公式。3、针对混凝土梁式桥主要横向连接形式，分别按铰结、翼缘刚接和横隔梁刚性连接损伤对T桥梁桥承载能力的影响进行了模型试验和有限元分析，研究了不同损伤工况对T梁桥荷载横向分配的影响及横向连接状态退化情况。

Finally, the method is demonstrated with some oil derrick.

首先，应用当量损伤系数作为判别损伤是否存在与程度大小的综合评价指标，建立了损伤刚度矩阵；其次，确定了应力与当量损伤系数之间的函数关系，推导了应力残差矩阵对当量损伤系数的灵敏度表达式；然后，构造了基于应力的目标函数，提出应用正算过程和优化方法反演识别当量损伤系数；最后，用该方法对某石油井架进行了损伤识别。

According to a questionnaire issued by the Hunan Normal University athletes CHOOSE parade the status of sport injury, injury causes, preventive measures were discussed, mainly come to the following conclusions:① CHOOSE parade of the athletes sports injuries are more common, the rate of injuries 88% of the injury concentrated in the wrist position and thighs of 35.84%; waist accounted for 16.98 percent, 15.09 percent of the knee, shoulder or 11.32 percent, accounting for 9.43 percent of ankle, elbow or 7.54 percent, abdomen, accounting for 3.79%② CHOOSE Exercises for the main types of injury ligament injury, accounting for 33.96 percent; joint injury, accounting for 16.98 percent; muscle sprain, accounting for 15.09 percent; contusion, accounting for 11.32 percent; periostitis, accounting for 9.43%; tenosynovitis, accounting for 7.54 % bursitis, accounting for 3.77%; fracture, or 1.88 percent ③ CHOOSE Exercises injury in the course divided into acute injury and chronic injuries, mainly to acute injury.

根据所发放的运动员问卷对湖南师范大学啦啦操运动员运动损伤的现状、损伤成因、预防对策进行了探讨，主要得出以下结论：①啦啦操运动员运动损伤的情况较为普遍，伤病率达88%；损伤的部位集中在手腕关节和大腿占35.84%；腰部占16.98%，膝关节占15.09%，肩关节占11.32%，踝关节占9.43%，肘部占7.54%，腹部，占3.79%②啦啦操运动损伤的种类主要为韧带拉伤，占33.96 %；关节损伤，占16.98%；肌肉扭伤，占15.09%；挫伤，占11.32%；骨膜炎，占9.43%；腱鞘炎，占7.54%；滑囊炎，占3.77%；骨折，占1.88%③啦啦操运动损伤的病程分为急性损伤和慢性损伤，以急性损伤为主④啦啦操运动损伤的时间主要集中在10一12月份，1一3月份⑤啦啦操运动员运动损伤的预防对策主要包括：注重体能训练提高体能储备、合理安排训练内容和负荷、加强身体全面训练和易伤部位练习的实效性训练、重视运动技术的分析和研究、重视训练后的恢复措施、加强医务监督提高自我保护、重视训练后的放松运动。

A prediction model has been proposed to deal with threshold voltage shift as a function of 1MeV neutron flux and gate oxide thickness, and to deal with room-temperature annealing of threshold voltage shift induced-by 〓Coγ as a function of electric field and gate oxide thickness. The commonness and individuality of MOS device degradation between hot-carrier effect and ionizing radiation were investigated. The dependence of substrate current, gate current and threshold voltage shift due to hot-carrier on gate oxide thickness were simulated with MEDICI-2D simulator. The photocurrents of PN junction and bipolar transistor were studied. Their transient responses on varied bias voltages, pulse durations and absorbed doses were simulated. The influences of NPN base width on base and collector photocurrents were investigated. We also studied 1MeV neutron displacement damage in PN junction, and calculated reverse current leakage under the neutron flux of 2. 67×10〓 per square centimeter. 3 The study of nondestructive screening method for MOS radiation tolerance A theoretical and experimental study of nondestructive screening methods for radiation tolerance of nMOS and pMOS were firstly fulfilled. We determined the informative parameters pertinent to the method and proposed how to deal with experimental data and verify obtained results statistically, as well as make the required steps for nondestructive screening. Based on the experimental data of 180 samples of discrete pMOS devices, the relation between sample quantity and correlation coefficient, screening equation, and other significant results were obtained from the threshold voltage shifts of pre-and post-irradiation samples.

二、分立器件电离和位移辐射损伤响应研究在国内首次开展了电离辐射引起的氧化层阈值电压漂移和退火理论研究，编程计算了1MeV中子引起的MOS器件阈值电压漂移与中子通量及栅氧厚度的关系，计算了〓Coγ光子引起的阈值电压漂移及退火的时效曲线与纵向电场和栅氧厚度的关系等，对评估MOS型集成电路电离损伤和加固方法研究，以及论文中开展的MOSFETs无损筛选方法研究奠定了基础；分析了MOS器件热载流子损伤效应与辐射电离损伤效应之间的异同性，利用二维模拟软件MEDICI-2D模拟了衬底电流和栅电流，在不同栅氧厚度下随栅压的变化曲线，计算了热载流子效应造成的阈值电压漂移，研究结果对当前存在的以热载流子效应研究取代电离辐射损伤实验研究的设想，具有重要的参考价值；开展了PN结和双极晶体管电离光电流研究，计算了不同偏压、不同辐射脉宽和不同吸收剂量下PN结光电流的瞬时响应，计算了不同辐射脉宽下NPN晶体管基极电流和收集极电流的瞬时响应，以及基区宽度对NPN晶体管光电流的影响，研究结果对双极器件抗电离辐射损伤响应及加固方法研究具有重要意义；在国内首次开展了器件位移损伤的理论研究，分析了辐射产生的缺陷对电性能的影响，计算了注量为2.67×10〓cm〓的1MeV中子产生的缺陷对PN结反向电流的影响。

Familiar location of trauma is shaft of tibia and fibula, shaft of thigh, shaft of ulna and ridius, ankle and foot, chest, knee, coax, pelvis, wrist and hand, shoulder, skull, shoulder bone, spine and elbow in turn. The familiar complication and accompanying trauma is shock, trauma of skull and brain, trauma of chest, trauma of nerve and vessel , fat embolism, trauma of organ in abdomen and trauma of urine system. 3. Emphasizing the treatment before and after the hospital can decrease the mortality and improve the quality of treatment. 4 The effect of early treatment is better than delayed treatment , internal fixation is done in 72h is better than after 72h, which can improve the function and reduce the complication menacing life.

常见的并发症和合并伤依次为：休克、颅脑损伤、胸部损伤、神经血管损伤、脂肪栓塞、腹部脏器损伤和泌尿系损伤。3、多发性骨与关节损伤的治疗以早期内固定效果为好，72h内手术并进行早期功能锻炼的患者远期功能恢第一军医大学2004届硕士学位研究生毕业论文复情况优于超过上述时限手术的患者。4、重视院前急救及院内各科室的急诊救治工作，有效的降低了死亡率，提供了早期处理骨关节损伤的良机。5、早期内固定治疗便于早期开展功能锻炼，可以明显改善伤肢功能，减少了威胁生命的并发症。

Objective to evaluate the functional recovery of acute spinal cord injuried rats treated with exogenous wnt-3a signal protein administration and to explore its mechanism.methods moderate spinal cord contusion injury was made in 40 adult sprague dawley rats at t10.twenty rats served as contusion controls(group 1).twenty rats were treated with wnt-3a for three days after injury (group 2).the functional recovery of the rats was observed through basso,beattie,bresnahan open field locomotor score.rats were killed at 14 or 28 days after injury,then spinal cords were removed for histopathological examinations,and the expression of the bromodeoxyuridine plus neural cell markers was stained with immunohistochemical method.results rats of two groups receiving a contusive injury recovered substantial function within 1 week.by 28 days,rats in groups 2 scored 7.0 points better on the bbb scores than rats in group 1 group 2=16.94,after 28 days vs.

目的 研究外源性wnt-3a信号蛋白对脊髓损伤的修复作用，并探讨其作用机制。方法取40只成年雌性sd大鼠在t10节段制备适度脊髓挫伤模型。随机从中取20只为损伤对照组(group 1)，另外20只为损伤治疗组(group 2)。脊髓损伤3天后用wnt-3a蛋白治疗。这些大鼠的功能恢复通过basso、beattie、bresnahan开放视野运动评分来观察。这些大鼠分批在损伤后14天或28天被处死，取出损伤节段脊髓用来组织病理学检查，同时用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷和神经细胞标记物进行免疫组化染色。结果两组大鼠在伤后一周运动功能有明显的恢复。不过，到损伤后28天，我们观察发现，损伤治疗组中的大鼠bbb评分比损伤对照组中的评分高出7.0分左右(group 2∶16.94±1.18，group 1∶9.89±1.29；p.05)，光镜和电镜检查发现wnt-3a蛋白对髓鞘形成和轴突再生有一定的修复效果。

The damage represents complex mechanism. In this research based on T300/HT3 laminate structure, fatigue life is predicted phenomenologically, dealing mainly with in-plane stresses without accounting for out-of-plane failures such as craze. Fatigue modulus, based on damage mechanics, is used as a physical parameter which helps to describe the basic fatigue behaviors of unidirectional laminates and obtain expressions for cumulative damages defined by strains and stress. Based on some typical fatigue test data for unidirectional composite laminates, residual modulus sequence is found out.

本文以T300/HT3复合材料层压结构为研究对象，从唯象的观点出发，以损伤力学为基础构造损伤函数，考虑了剩余刚度和应变比率对复合材料的疲劳性能的影响，以这些变化着的机械性能作为损伤变量，建立了复合材料的疲劳损伤模型，基于层压板拉—拉疲劳试验数据，拟合出损伤模型中的参数，从而得到层压板拉—拉疲劳损伤变化规律，并建立损伤变量与内部损伤及疲劳寿命的联系，从而预测常幅应力作用下疲劳寿命。

与损伤相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

agonal injury：濒死伤(指濒死期内形成的损伤)

agonal injury 濒死伤(指濒死期内形成的损伤) | agricultural injury 农业损伤 | airplane injury 飞行损伤 alcohol abuse 滥用酒精

injury of birth canal：产道损伤

injury of anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint 膝关节前十字韧带损伤 | injury of birth canal 产道损伤 | injury of bladder and urethra 膀胱尿道损伤

Frictionless Plating：增强装甲对损伤的抗性,降低被击中时的损伤(增加装甲防护力)

Neutronium Bracing:增强装甲对损伤的抗性,降低被击中时的损伤(增加装甲防护力). | Frictionless Plating:增强装甲对损伤的抗性,降低被击中时的损伤(增加装甲防护力). | Fuel Recover System:增进反应器恢復率.

injury：损伤

第七章 损伤(Injury) 第一节 概述 一、损伤的定义及其重要性 损伤是指人体受各种致伤因子作用后发生组织结构破坏和功能障碍. 由机械因素所致的损伤称之为创伤. 在战争条件下所发生的损伤称为战伤. 无论平时或战时,损伤均多见,故在外科领域中占有重要地位...

spinal cord injury：脊髓损伤

脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury)是指由于外界直接或间接因素导致脊髓损伤,在损害的相应节段出现各种运动,感觉和括约肌功能障碍,肌张力异常及病理反射等的相应改变.脊髓损伤的程度和临床表现取决于原发性损伤的部位和性质.在中医学属外伤瘀血所致"腰痛",

whiplash injuries：挥鞭样损伤

为典型的挥鞭样损伤(whiplash injuries)是指机动车辆被后方行驶而来的另一机动车辆撞击后,乘车者由于颈椎的过度伸展以及随之而来的屈曲运动所造成的损伤,也有人将其称为颈椎屈曲/伸展损伤(flexion/extension injuries)或加速/减速损伤(acceleration/deceleration injuries)[1].

nephrotoxic lesion：肾毒性损伤

ARI有两种肾小管损伤的病理特征,即小管破裂性损伤(tubulorrhexic lesion)和肾毒性损伤(nephrotoxic lesion). 小管破裂性损伤表现为肾小管上皮细胞坏死、脱落,基底膜被破坏,肾小管各段都可受累,但并非每个肾单位都出现损伤,

pyrolytic：高温分解损伤,热损伤

ping-pong 乒乓损仿 (由反射脉冲引起的) | pyrolytic 高温分解损伤,热损伤 | radiation 幅射损伤,辐射杀伤

transmission impairments：传输损伤

传输损伤(Transmission Impairments)是指信号在传输过程中出现的差异. 简单说差异就是损伤. 传输损伤可能引起电信网络设备工作反常,最终导致电信业务劣化. 因此,在电信网络工程设计中,必须对于各个电信设备的传输损伤加以控制. 因此,

Injury to internal ear：内耳损伤; 迷路损伤

Injury to frontal sinus 额窦损伤 | Injury to internal ear 内耳损伤; 迷路损伤 | Injury to medulla oblongata 延髓损伤