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A technology of electrolytic lesion was used to destroy the projections of cerebellar FN neurons to hypothalamus in decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle.
电毁损小脑上脚交叉中顶核投射至下丘脑的神经纤维，然后再用生物素化葡聚糖胺顺行追踪观察小脑顶核-下丘脑之间神经元投射。
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Results: Subsequent to an injection of BDA into unilateral FN, FN-hypothalamic projections passed through the superior cerebellar peduncle, crossed in its decussation and then entered the hypothalamus.
结果：小脑顶核注射BDA后第8 d，在用3，3-二氨基联苯胺和Nissl染色的脑切片上，观察到顶核神经元发出的神经纤维在小脑上脚中行走，并经小脑上脚交叉后主要到达对侧下丘脑外侧区。
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Results: It was observed that projections from IN to hypothalamus passed through the superior cerebellar peduncle, crossed in its decussation and then many of them entered posterior hypothalamic area by iontophoresis of Dextran-Texas Red to cerebellar IN. Using the methods of iontophoresis of Fluoro-Ruby and double labelling staining, it was also observed that the neurons projecting to PH in cerebellar IN were glutamatergic neurons.
结果：小脑间位核电泳Dextran-TR后示踪可见间位核神经元发出离核纤维，行走于同侧小脑上脚中，在小脑上脚交叉处交叉到对侧，然后继续走行于小脑上脚中，到下丘脑后较多纤维终止于下丘脑后区；在下丘脑后区电泳Fluoro-Ruby后可逆行追踪到小脑间位核神经元，荧光双标法显示投射到下丘脑后区的小脑间位核神经元中有谷氨酸能神经元。
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When located posteriorly at the MDJ, lesions tended to continue downward along the pontine tegmentum and superior cerebellar peduncle, whereas the corticospinal tract was the structure affected in more anteriorly located lesions.
当病灶位于中脑-间脑结合处的偏后方时，倾向于沿着脑桥背盖部和小脑上脚向下延伸；当病灶向下延伸时，红核常不受累。
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When located posteriorly at the MDJ, lesions tendedto continue downward along the pontine tegmentum and superiorcerebellar peduncle, whereas the corticospinal tract was thestructure affected in more anteriorly located lesions.
当病灶位于中脑-间脑结合处的偏后方时，倾向于沿着脑桥背盖部和小脑上脚向下延伸；当病灶向下延伸时，红核常不受累。
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The fibres of the corticospinal tract, which run craniocaudally in the dorsal pons, the pontine tegmentum, and the superior cerebellar peduncles ventrally, were all preserved, this differential involvement therefore being responsible for the cruciform appearance on MRI.
译：脑桥神经元和横桥纤维严重减少，造成脑桥基底部和小脑中脚的苍白和萎缩。上下走行于脑桥背侧的皮质脊髓束、脑桥背盖部、腹前侧的小脑上脚/结合臂均未受累。这种差异性受累是MRI上出现十字征的原因。
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Involvement of central tegmental tracts produces ipsilateral olivary degeneration; that of dentate nucleus or superior cerebellar peduncle produces contralateral olivary degeneration.
累及背盖中央束导致同侧橄榄体退变，累及齿状核或小脑上脚导致对侧的橄榄体退变。
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The cytoarchitectonic organization ofprojections to the insular cortex and the amygdala from the parvicellular ventroposterior nucleus of the thalamus andtheparabrachial nucleus in the rat was investigated by means of horseradish peroxidase -tracing technigue; The relationship of origins of afferents to the insular cortex and the amygdala from the PBN was studied by using the retrograde transport of two fluorescent tracers; Thesynaptic connections of axonal terminals with the neuronsof the PBN were observed by means of electron microscopy.
GI主要位于岛皮质的尾侧部，DI和AI主要位于首侧部；VPpc是位于丘脑腹后核和内侧丘系之间的带状区，所含细胞较小(平均14u)，其内侧部称为腹后内侧核小细胞部，其外侧部称为腹后外侧核小细胞部；PBN位于小脑上脚周围，由三部分组成：外侧亚核、内侧亚核和Kollikor-Fuse核，其中，PBl被分为7个区、PBm被分为3-4个区；杏仁核主要由三个细胞群组成：皮质内侧核群、基底外侧核群和中央核，中央核又有内侧部、外侧部和外囊部之分。
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Of the 26 lesions with pontine and bulbar involvement, three had no association with other lesions (Fig 2). Twelve were associated with tegmental and superior cerebellar peduncular extension, and six showed corticospinal tract involvement in continuity with an MDJ lesion. In one patient with additional telencephalic lesions, the right side of the pons was hyperintense on long TR/TE images that did not cross the midline, suggestive of an arterial lesion (Fig 3). In two patients with pontine tegmental lesions, there was an associated middle cerebellar peduncle and deep cerebellar white matter involvement (Fig 4). Two others had associated cervical lesions.
在26处脑桥延髓区病灶中，3处病灶仅限于脑桥延髓区，其它部位无病灶（图2）；12处病灶还同时伴有背盖部和小脑上脚/结合臂处病灶；6处病灶为与中脑-间脑接合处病灶相连的皮质脊髓束受累；还有1例患者除端脑见病灶外，右侧脑桥于T2像也见高信号病灶，但未超越正中线，提示可能系动脉病变所致（图3）；2例脑桥背盖部病灶的患者同时伴有小脑中脚/小脑脑桥脚和小脑深部白质受累（图4）；还有2处脑桥延髓区病灶还同时伴有颈髓病灶。
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The cerebellar hemispheres oppose one another in the midline due to absence of vermis.
由于缺乏小脑蚓部，双侧小脑半球在中线上不连续，峡部和中脑前后径较小，这可能是由于小脑上脚缺乏十字交叉的纤维束。
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ARAS：上行网状激活系统
患者出现睡眠时间延长和嗜睡,可能与病变累及上行网状激活系统(ARAS)有关,因为ARAS经中脑被盖上行,与维持醒觉有关. 说明患者的病变范围广或者是多发的小病灶除累及动眼神经根和锥体束外,还有脊髓丘脑束、红核或小脑上脚纤维、中脑被盖网状结构等.