寄生

基本解释 (translations)

autoeciousness

与寄生相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

In addition this paper,"Bio-Rad method," two parasitic wasps of the post-embryonic development the process of protein accumulation in young bees and the host Plutella xylostella in this process in vivo haemolymph protein content were measured and found that over time, was gifuensis parasitic larvae of the diamondback moth haemolymph protein content showed an upward trend in nearly a straight line, Ichneumonidae parasitic For example, in the early parasitic diamondback moth haemolymph protein content also showed the trend of slow growth, but in the mid-and late parasitic young bee about to be completed in the development of the host body when to stop feeding, a significant downward trend却呈, and significantly lower than the third day of its own protein content; on the same day of the different species of the diamondback moth parasitic wasp hemolymph protein content compared Ichneumonidae Parasitism of diamondback moth have hemolymph protein content than in the third and fourth day after the parasitic Braconidae hemolymph content to be high, but very different in the case of the fifth day, as evidenced by her side after the parasitic bee moth haemolymph protein content is cocoon of the parasitic bee hemolymph protein content of 0.7 times.

另外本文采用"Bio-Rad法"对两种寄生蜂胚后发育过程中幼蜂蛋白积累及寄主小菜蛾在此过程中体内血淋巴蛋白含量进行了测定，结果发现随时间的推移，被茧蜂寄生小菜蛾幼虫的血淋巴蛋白含量是呈近直线增加趋势，而对于姬蜂寄生来说，在寄生初期小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量也呈缓慢增长趋势，但在寄生中后期，幼蜂即将完成在寄主体内的发育取食停止时，却呈大幅下降趋势，且明显低于其自身第三天的蛋白含量；对同一天的被不同种寄生蜂寄生的小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量进行比较，姬蜂寄生过的小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量在第三天和第四天均比茧蜂寄生后的血淋巴含量要高，但在第五天的情况大不相同，表现为被姬蜂寄生后的小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量是被茧蜂寄生的血淋巴蛋白含量的0.7倍。

Trichogramma showed high control efficacy on cotton bollworm eggs after three times of release both in the second and in the third generation bollworm periods. The parasitism on the second and third generation bollworm eggs were 66.0%-70.7% and 76.0%-81.2%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the control (second generation: 7.0%-12.3%, third generation: 5.2%-7.4%). And the injury rate of cotton buds and bolls in the second and third generation bollworm were 2.2% and 3.1%, respectively, which were significantly lower than that in the control (second generation:8.5%, third generation: 20.9%). In the second generation bollworm period, number of bollworm eggs or larvae in the Trichogramma released cotton field did not differ to that in the chemically controlled field. But in the third generation, there were significantly less bollworm eggs and larvae in the Trichogramma released cotton field. There were more predators in the Trichogramma released cotton field. These results indicated that cotton boll worm in the transgenic insect-resistant cotton field can he effectively controlled by mass-releasing of T.

结果发现：棉铃虫卵在棉株不同部位的分布差异较大，2代棉铃虫卵主要分布在叶正面、叶背面和茎尖，3代棉铃虫卵主要分布于蕾铃；在放蜂田，赤眼蜂对棉株不同部位棉铃虫卵的寄生率差异较大，2，3代棉铃虫时期对叶正面、叫背面、茎尖、蕾铃的棉铃虫卵寄生率均较高，对叶柄和茎杆处卵的寄生率较低；并以3代棉铃虫时期的寄生率较高；在2，3代棉铃虫时期分别连续释放3次赤眼蜂，对棉铃虫具有很强控制作用，2，3代棉铃虫卵的被寄生率分别为66.0%~70.7%和76.0%~81.2%，均显著高于化防田的自然寄生率（2代：7.0%~12.3%，3代：5.2%~7.4%）；蕾铃被害率分别为2.2%和3.1%，均显著低于化防田（2代：8.5%，3代：20.9%；2代棉铃虫时期，放蜂田和化防田的棉铃虫卵量和幼虫数量差异均不显著，但3代棉铃虫以后，放蜂田棉铃虫卵量和幼虫数量均显著低于化防田，且放蜂田的捕食性天敌数量显著高于化防田。

The results indicate that female wasps deposit HMPs on the chorion of host eggs with her ovipositor near the end of egg-laying process. Na ye females do not posses the ability for recognizing the marking pheromones and have to obtain the ability though the learning process, in which the wasp inserts her ovipositor into a host egg to determine whether the egg has been parasitized followed by antennal drumming on the exterior. Once the learning process is completed, the female wasp will be able to discriminate between parasitized and unparasitized hosts and reject a parasitized egg by simply drumming on the exterior of the egg. Learning plays an important role in reducing initial rejection time when an unsuitable host is encountered. Female wasps of T. astriniae can quickly learn to associate the presence of a HMP on host egg chrion with the internal status of the egg.

研究结果表明，玉米螟赤眼蜂的寄主标记信息素是在其产卵过程中的收场阶段由产卵器产生的，并且标记在寄主卵表的化学物质；玉米螟赤眼蜂对标记信息素的识别不具有先天性，其必须先用产卵器插入寄生卵来检测是否被寄生，然后其触角不停地敲击，通过学习获得对标记信息素的识别能力，从而放弃了对寄生卵的选择，学习对初始放弃时间有着重要影响，改善了其对寄主搜索效率，这种学习行为是与寄主联系在一起学习的，它能根据寄主被寄生与否而对标记信息素作出反应与不反应。

Mainly belonged to Loranthaceae. Plants of Phacellaria Benth. and their hosts were mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical area. Plants of Phacellaria Benth. maybe originated in tropical area in the south of China before Tertiary. Their ancestors were parasitic on ancestors of some plants of Loranthaceae by chance during Tertiary. It took them millions of years to form a sturdy relationship between parasites and hosts. Ph. rigidula was a hemi-parasitic subshrub. In area observed, its host was mainly Taxillus caloreas var. fargesii.

的硬序重寄生(Ph.rigidula)及其寄主植物做为研究植物与植物间协同进化的材料，对重寄生属植物的起源、与其寄主的分布、硬序重寄生的形态学特性、解剖学以及化学成分进行了研究，结果表明：重寄生属植物主要寄生在桑寄生科植物上，分布区与其寄主的基本一致，均主要分布在东南亚和中国南部的热带与亚热带地区；重寄生属植物可能起源于第三纪之前某一时期的华南热带地区，随后向周边地区扩散。

At present, OTA circuit is designed the best circuit with minimum error generally acknowledgedly, and possessed three following advantages at the same time: using single-ended-input OTAs (overcoming the feed-through effect due to the use of differential-input OTAs), using grouded capacitors (absorbing the shunt parasitic capacitance), and using the minimum components and all the parasitic capacitances have the same places as those of all the given capacitors in the realized circuits.

目前为止，OTA电路是被公认设计最佳且误差最小的电路，且同时具备了以下三项优点：(1)使用单端输入的OTA(可免除寄生电容的Feed-through效应)，(2)使用接地电容，(3)使用最少的主动元件，且所有外加电容位置恰好与所有寄生电容的位置相同，吸收了寄生电容，并减少寄生效应对整体电路的影响。

In addition this paper,"Bio-Rad method," two parasitic wasps of the post-embryonic development the process of protein accumulation in young bees and the host Plutella xylostella in this process in vivo haemolymph protein content were measured and found that over time, was gifuensis parasitic larvae of the diamondback moth haemolymph protein content showed an upward trend in nearly a straight line, Ichneumonidae parasitic For example, in the early parasitic diamondback moth haemolymph protein content also showed the trend of slow growth, but in the mid-and late parasitic young bee about to be completed in the development of the host body when to stop feeding, a significant downward trend却呈, and significantly lower than the third day of its own protein content; on the same day of the different species of the diamondback moth parasitic wasp hemolymph protein content compared Ichneumonidae Parasitism of diamondback moth have hemolymph protein content than in the third and fourth day after the parasitic Braconidae hemolymph content to be high, but very different in the case of the fifth day, as evidenced by her side after the parasitic bee moth haemolymph protein content is cocoon of the parasitic bee hemolymph protein content of 0.7 times.

另外本文采用&Bio-Rad法&对两种寄生蜂胚后发育过程中幼蜂蛋白积累及寄主小菜蛾在此过程中体内血淋巴蛋白含量进行了测定，结果发现随时间的推移，被茧蜂寄生小菜蛾幼虫的血淋巴蛋白含量是呈近直线增加趋势，而对于姬蜂寄生来说，在寄生初期小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量也呈缓慢增长趋势，但在寄生中后期，幼蜂即将完成在寄主体内的发育取食停止时，却呈大幅下降趋势，且明显低于其自身第三天的蛋白含量；对同一天的被不同种寄生蜂寄生的小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量进行比较，姬蜂寄生过的小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量在第三天和第四天均比茧蜂寄生后的血淋巴含量要高，但在第五天的情况大不相同，表现为被姬蜂寄生后的小菜蛾血淋巴蛋白含量是被茧蜂寄生的血淋巴蛋白含量的0.7倍。

In this paper, an important pest of cruciferous vegetables xylostella and its two dominant species in the parasitic wasp - Cotesia plutellae bee, Diadegma semi-closed two parasitic system studied two parasitic wasps of Nutritional regulation of the host Plutella xylostella, from parasitic to parasitic found after the fifth day, five days, all groups the body weight of diamondback moth larvae are showing an increasing trend, not parasitic larvae of the diamondback moth has been higher than was body weight parasitic larvae of Plutella xylostella, and was Ichneumonidae parasitic larvae of the diamondback moth important than being clear Braconidae parasitic weight of the diamondback moth larvae.

本文以重要的十字花科蔬菜害虫小菜蛾及其两种优势种内寄生蜂——菜蛾盘绒茧蜂、半闭弯尾姬蜂两个寄生体系为研究对象，研究了两种寄生蜂对寄主小菜蛾营养的调控，发现从寄生至寄生后的第五天，五天时间内，所有组小菜蛾幼虫的体重均是呈现增加的趋势，未被寄生的小菜蛾幼虫体重一直保持大于被寄生小菜蛾幼虫，而且被姬蜂寄生的小菜蛾幼虫体重要明显的大于被茧蜂寄生的小菜蛾幼虫体重。

Ten years wide investigation and research on the characteristics and pathogenicity of cryphonectria parasitica showed that, Cryphonectria parasitica existed widely in the distributing areas of Castanea mollissima, and that it belonged to weak parasite, only lived on the weak and dying branchs, sprouts, and soon. Cryphonectria parasitica was not main and direct death cause of Castanea mollissima, and the dead parts had no great influence on the growth of whole tree.

经过10余年对栗疫病发生特点和致病性的大量调查研究，结果表明栗疫菌在板栗分布区普遍存在，是弱寄生菌，在本地只寄生那些生长十分衰弱，即将死亡的板栗树干、苗木等，但栗疫菌的寄生不是这些部位死亡的主要和直接原因，而且它所寄生的部位局部死亡后对整株栗树的影响不大，因此，栗疫病在一般倩况下并非毁灭性病害。

The feature adaptation of P.rigidula and the evolution of the parasitic shrubs had been discussed. Some of the characteristics based on the superparasitic chains elucidate the evolutionary processi...

讨论认为，重寄生链上的一些渐变特征展现林木上寄生灌木具有 2个演化阶段，即以自养树木为寄主的半寄生灌木演化阶段，和以树木上半寄生灌木为直接寄主的重寄生灌木演化阶段；重寄生属植物特殊的生活习性和形态结构特征，是与其在寄主桑寄生科半寄生灌木上生活的特殊环境相适应的，是与其寄主、传播花粉蚂蚁类昆虫和传播种子鸟类协同演化的结果。

Cysticercus ellulosae could live in liver not only in muscle as we thought before. During the fast process of sending pigs to go into the market, it should be aware that even though cysticerci are not found in liver, they may be still in suitable locations of muscles, and more attention should be paid to pig quarantine.

猪囊尾蚴除在四肢肌肉等主要寄生部位生长外，还可以在猪的肝脏内寄生，但是随感染时间增加会逐渐死亡和钙化，表明在当前生猪快速出栏养殖过程中，猪肝脏无囊尾蚴寄生时，其余主要寄生部位如四肢和驱干肌肉内仍有囊尾蚴寄生，提示在生猪检验检疫工作中应予以重视。

与寄生相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

ectoparasite：外寄生生物

体外寄生生物(ectoparasite),一切寄生在寄主体外的寄生生物,例如在人类纺织物和皮肤之间寄生,甚至是在人的皮肤底下,鼻孔,阴茎等腔道. 寄生虫与人类 对于寄生在人体身上的寄生虫来说,人体是非常理想的繁殖栖息地点. 它们可通过空气,

ectophyte：寄生於外表的植物;外生植物

寄生於同一寄生的;單一寄生的 autoecious | 寄生於外表的植物;外生植物 ectophyte | 寄生於細胞內的 cytozoic

heteroecism：转主寄生

其中,全部生活史都营寄生生活的又可分:始终在同一个寄主上寄生的称为固主寄生(stationary parasitism):在发育过程中必须有两种以上的寄主的寄生,称为转主寄生(heteroecism),在这种情况下而把对后一寄主变更称为寄主转换(host alte

mistletoe：懈寄生

懈寄生(Mistletoe)是一种寄生在树上的植物. 在西方传统中,圣诞节这一天,人们都会将懈寄生挂在门楣上,如果两个人同时经过挂在门楣的懈寄生下,就要互相亲吻对方. 传说,如果未婚少女在懈寄生下被亲吻的话,懈寄生就会为她带来爱情和幸运!

parasitic oscillation：寄生振荡=>寄生振動

parasitic nutrition 寄生营养 | parasitic oscillation 寄生振荡=>寄生振動 | parasitic oscillation suppression 寄生振荡抑制

parasite：寄生菌

异养菌包括腐生菌(saprophyte)和寄生菌(parasite). 腐生菌以动植物尸体、腐败食物等作为营养物;寄生菌寄生于活体内,从宿主的有机物获得营养. 所有的病原菌都是异养菌,大部分属寄生菌. 虽然异养菌都吃有机物,但口味也各有所好.

parasitic stopper：寄生效应限制器,寄生振荡抑制器

parasitic spirochaete 寄生螺旋体 | parasitic stopper 寄生效应限制器,寄生振荡抑制器 | parasitic stress 次应力

autoecious：寄生於同一寄生的;單一寄生的

寄生營養的;寄生而破壞寄主的 cteinotrophic | 寄生於同一寄生的;單一寄生的 autoecious | 寄生於外表的植物;外生植物 ectophyte

heterecious;heteroecious：转株寄生的;寄生於不同寄主的;异种寄生的

"不对称发育;个体发生中之不成比例的相对成长","heterauxesis;ontogenetic allometry" | "转株寄生的;寄生於不同寄主的;异种寄生的","heterecious;heteroecious" | "异种寄生;转株","heterecism"

hyperparasitic：重寄生的

hyperparasite 过寄生物 重复寄生 重寄生 重寄生物 | hyperparasitic 重寄生的 | hyperparasitism 重寄生 重寄生现象