原质团

基本解释 (translations)

plasmodia

与原质团相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

The significance of dissociated nuclei of plasmodium in the study of cell biology was expounded in this paper.

阐述了原质团中游离细胞核在细胞生物学研究中的意义。

The extracellular matrix wasstained positively for Alcian blue, Toluidine blue and Safranin O / FastGreen at 7 and 14 days after initial chondrogenic induction of adipose -derived mesenchymal stem cells, and indicated collagenⅡand aggrecanwere expressed positively.

2脂肪间充质干细胞在高密度的"微团"培养条件下，于诱导7、14天后阿尔新兰染色、甲苯胺兰染色、藩红0／固绿染色阳性，诱导4、7、14天后Ⅱ型胶原蛋白免疫细胞化学、aggrecan免疫荧光阳性表达。

A multinucleate mass of cytoplasm formed by the aggregation of a number of amoeboid cells, as that characteristic of the vegetative phase of the slime molds.

原质团由大量变形虫细胞聚集形成的细胞质的多核团，与粘菌的无性繁殖阶段的特性类似

Results Microscopically, the tumor cells were epithelioid or short spindled and special nests of tumor cells separated by arboring fibrovascular septa. Such morphological variants of CCSK as myxoid degeneration, microcysts formation and sclerosing pattern of extracellular hyalined collagen simulating osteoid were present in some regions.

结果 镜下见瘤细胞为上皮样或短梭形，被分枝状纤维血管间质分隔成巢团状，部分区域见黏液样变性微囊肿和细胞外胶原玻璃样变类似骨样组织的硬化型等形态变异。

Results Microscopically, different degrees of hepatocytic degenerative changes and hyperplasic fibrous tissue and typical false lobule formation could be seen. Timm's staining result showed uneven distributed black granular deposits in the hepatocytes. No specific PAS staining was observed. Utrastructurally, the mitochondria were increased in volume and dramatically different in shape. The number of lysomes were increased.

结果 光镜下肝细胞表现为不同程度的退行性变，胶原纤维增生以及典型假小叶形成；Timm's染色阳性，发现不均匀分布黑色颗粒或团块样物质沉积；PAS染色则普遍缺乏特异性染色；超微结构显示线粒体形态多样，体积增大，溶酶体增多，粗面内质网管腔扩张，附着核糖体的脱颗粒，以及胞质水肿，质膜溶解。

Many factors may be involve in the course. To investigate the regulation activity of mesenchymal cells to differentiation of epithelial cells from hair follicle and to study its differentiation property, mesenchymal cells gel was made by nubby dermal papilla cells, free dermal papilla cells, skin fibroblasts. Skin keratinocytes and epithelial cells from hair follicle were inoculated on the gel surface and cultured in air-liquid interface. Three-dimensional model of DPC using to induce epithelial cells differentiation is built in vitro.

为了进一步研究毛囊细胞间的相互作用，探讨毛囊间质细胞对毛囊上皮细胞分化的调节作用，研究毛囊上皮细胞的分化特性，我们利用团块状的毛乳头细胞，游离分散的毛乳头细胞或皮肤成纤维细胞制成间质细胞胶原凝胶，表面接种皮肤角质形成细胞或毛囊上皮细胞，进行气-液界面培养，在体外建立了毛乳头细胞诱导毛囊上皮细胞分化的立体模型。

Immunoelectron microscopy showed that the distinct ultrastructure of fibroblast and the group, spot gold particle specificity distribution shape. The positive markers of CTGF were mainly located in the RER,while there are expression in RER ribosome, Cf, ECM, desmosome connection, euchromatin,et al.

免疫电镜标记显示成纤维细胞细胞超微结构清晰，金颗粒呈团状、点灶状分布，特异性强，CTGF蛋白阳性标记主要位于粗面内质网，粗面内质网核糖体、胶原纤维、细胞外基质、桥粒连接、常染色质等部位也有表达。

Synthesized all above, the heat and mass transfer of charge bed is discussed in detail. After choosing seriously the former study results in this field, a whole temperature range process model for firing iron ore pellets containing solid fuel is established as well as its software is edited. The main physical chemistry reaction process within pellets and the heat statement can be calculated exactly with the process as long as the physical and chemical parameters of raw material are obtained through basic experiments. After finding out the reason of"temperature hysteresis"and"heat inertia"of the experimental induration device, a new kind of experimental induration device is designed. The"temperature hysteresis"of hot gas flow in the new device is avoided.

综合以上对焙烧球团矿时球团矿内各种物理化学反应过程的分析与研究的结果，仔细地分析研究了球团矿料层中的传热质现象，认真筛选了前人对填充床的传热传质的研究结果，提出了全温度范围球团矿焙烧过程模型，并编制了相应的计算机软件，只要通过基础实验，获得原燃料的基本物性参数（如化学反应速度常数，矿粉、煤粉的粒度及此表面积以及球团矿的导热性等），利用这一软件就能准确地计算出焙烧球团矿时球团矿内各种物理化学反应过程和料层内的热工状态。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

与原质团相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

budding：出芽生殖

空泡型和颗粒型细胞的生殖方式有:二分裂法(binary fission)、原质团分割法(plasmotomy)、裂体生殖(schizogony)、内出芽法(endodyogeny),而阿米巴型细胞的生殖方式则有出芽生殖(budding)、芽胞生殖(sporulation)及原质团分割法.

Binary fission：二分裂法

空泡型和颗粒型细胞的生殖方式有:二分裂法(binary fission)、原质团分割法(plasmotomy)、裂体生殖(schizogony)、内出芽法(endodyogeny),而阿米巴型细胞的生殖方式则有出芽生殖(budding)、芽胞生殖(sporulation)及原质团分割法.

plasmodium：原质团

而是无细胞壁且形状可变的原质团(plasmodium)或具细胞壁的、卵圆形的单细胞. 寄生在植物上的真菌往往以菌丝体在寄主的细胞间或穿过细胞扩展蔓延. 当菌丝体与寄主细胞壁或原生质接触后,营养物质因渗透压的关系进入菌丝体内.

tapetal plasmodium：[植]绒毡层原质团

flux flattening 通量平化 | tapetal plasmodium [植]绒毡层原质团 | hexahydric alcohol 六元醇 六羟基醇

schizogony：裂体生殖

空泡型和颗粒型细胞的生殖方式有:二分裂法(binary fission)、原质团分割法(plasmotomy)、裂体生殖(schizogony)、内出芽法(endodyogeny),而阿米巴型细胞的生殖方式则有出芽生殖(budding)、芽胞生殖(sporulation)及原质团分割法.

apoplasmodial：非原质团的

apoplasmia | 血浆缺乏 | apoplasmodial | 非原质团的 | apoplast | 非原质体

plasmotomy：原质团分割

真核仁 plasmosome | 原质团分割 plasmotomy | 可塑性紧张 plastic tonus

protopod：原足型

原质团 plasmodium | 原足型 protopod | 缘蝽科 Coreidae

pseudoplasmodium：伪原质团

7、单细胞黏液菌:大口吞噬 随着时间推移,单细胞黏液菌会变得更强大,当食物供给较缺乏时,它们可以联合形成一个叫做"伪原质团(pseudoplasmodium)"的多细胞实体,一旦伪原质团发现合适的食物资源就定居下来,生长出一条包含着许多孢子的主茎.

pseudoplasmodium：假原质团

6.假原质团(pseudoplasmodium) 由饥饿状态的细胞黏菌聚集后所形成的结构. 7.变形虫方式运动(ameboidmovement) 原生动物以细胞质流动进行移动的一种运动方式. 1.病原微生物(pathogenicmicroorganism) 寄生于生物(包括人)机体并引起疾病的微生物,