原质体

基本解释 (translations)

plastids

与原质体相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

HepII cells, Tetiahymena, Euglena, Oxyhrris and Crypthecodinium all gave -50kD,-60kD and -80kD bands; Giardia and the three species of archaebacteria gave -60kD and -80kD bands and E.

盐细菌和硫细菌一致都有40.45和50kD三条带，热原质体除了这三条带外，还有35kD的一条带。

When grown in the light and with nutrition as the limiting factor, the wild type was less influenced due to its capability of photosynthesis and quickly became predominant over the mutant that has no photosynthetic apparatus. However, when grown heterotrophically in the dark, the mutant remained less competitive than the wild type, showing that the euglenoid proplastids play a role in competition.

在光照情况下，当营养物质成为限制因子时，由于具有光合能力野生型生长受影响较小，在与没有光合器的突变株的竞争中很快地显示出优势；在黑暗中二者均只能以异养方式生长，但突变株仍然处于竞争弱势，显示原质体结构对于生存竞争的作用。

Gracilis were applied to investigate the effect of proplastid on adaptability, in which such structure was found to be important to the competitiveness during heterotrophic growth in the dark; 2 a new procedure for differential display technology was developed and used to study the influence of plastid on nuclear gene expression, with which it was shown that the loss of plastid could cause remarkable changes in expression of certain nuclear genes.

本文主要有两点突出之处：1）应用裸藻褪色突变株与野生型的生长竞争实验探讨了原质体对于裸藻的适应意义，发现在黑暗环境和异养生长条件下原质体对于细胞的生存竞争有重要作用；2）改进了一种差异显示技术并利用该技术来研究质体的有无对基因表达的影响，证明质体丢失可导致某些核基因表达的显著变化。

The spore germination and gametophyte development of 21 ferns are studied. It indicates that :① the development period of prothallium and young sporophyte of the same species is different due to seeding time of spores;② the optimal temperatures of spores germination and gametophyte development of 21 ferns are about 15 -24 ℃;③ the rate of spore germination of rare ferns is much lower than the ferns which occur large populations in nature;④ the treatment with GA 3 can accelerate the germination of the spores;⑤ the prothallium changes from large to small, green to yellow when young sporophyte comes out. The prothalliums of all 21 ferns die away after the appear of the 3rd leaf of sporophytes;⑥ shapes of the 1st and 2nd leaves of the young sporophyte are different from those emerged later;⑦ spores cultured in dark can not germinate;⑧ a prothallium can develop only one young sporophyte though it has many archegoniums, and the spore propagation with leaf mould substrate is an economical method.

摘 要：以腐叶土为培养基质，对 21 种蕨类植物进行了孢子萌发和原叶体发育的研究，结果表明：①不同时期播种的同种蕨类的孢子，发育出原叶体和幼孢子体所历经的时间长短不同；②孢子萌发和配子体生长发育的适宜温度约为 15 ～ 24 ℃；③稀有蕨类的孢子萌发率低，而在野外能形成较大种群的蕨类的孢子萌发率高；④用 GA 3 处理孢子可以促进萌发；⑤当原叶体上长出幼孢子体时，原叶体由大变小，由绿变黄， 21 种蕨类的原叶体都在幼孢子体上长出第 3 片叶时消失；⑥幼孢子体上长出的第 1 、 2 片叶在形态上与以后长出的叶不同；⑦孢子萌发需要光；⑧ 1 片原叶体尽管有多个颈卵器，但仅发育出 1 株幼孢子体；⑨利用腐叶土进行蕨类孢子繁殖是一种经济实用的繁殖方法。

Astasia longa, a colorless and saprophytic species that retains its proplastid structure and a relic of plastid DNA, permanently loses the capability to develop chloroplasts from proplasts.

无色、腐生型的长变胞藻具有原质体结构和质体DNA的残余，永久性地失去了由原质体发育成为色素体的能力。

Studies on stability indicated that PHGF proliposomes should be stored at low temperature and against light, which ensured unchange of their redispersity, content of drug, encapsulation efficiency, acid value and peroxide value. Liposomes were multilamellar vesicle structure under transmission electron microscopy. Average particle size was 0.65 micrometer, ranging from 0.09 micrometer to 1.21 micrometer. Cryoscopic value was 0.64 C determined by cryoscopic method, which was a little higher than that of isotonic solution.

以透射电镜观测PHGF前体脂质体再分散后的形态为囊泡状；激光散射法测得平均粒径为0.65μm，且粒度分布在0.09μm～1.21μm之间；该脂质体荷负电，ζ电位为-44.23mV；冰点降低法测得冰点降低度数为0.64℃，略高于等渗溶液冰点降低度数；测得粘度为1.83mPa·s，达到生理要求；此外，对PHGF脂质体的刺激性、溶血性、热原、异常毒性和过敏沈阳药科大学硕士学位论文拘要性检查表明均符合静脉注射给药的标准。

The physiological function of proplastids in A. longa is kept unknown.

长变胞藻原质体结构的生理功能尚属未知。

Perhaps it is due to its role in adaptation that A. longa and other bleached species of euglenoids retained their proplastid structure.

或许正由于原质体结构在竞争适应中的效应，长变胞藻和自然界某些裸藻褪色种仍保留有这一结构。

After the cell growth curves was recorded, RPE cells of the 3-5th passages were utilized. 2、Three different siRNA (siRNAl,siRNA2,siRNA3) targeting against human cx43 gene and one negative control siRNA were designed and transfected into cultured human RPE cells via liposome reagent. The most effective siRNA can be determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCRRT-PCR. 3、To the most effective siRNA, after transfected into human RPEs with different concentration, the cellular proliferate activities were messured by MTT colorimetry ; the percentages of RPE in different cell circle phase was assayed by FCM; the changes of phenotypical properities were observed with SCM; the protein expression of cx43 was studied through immunocytochemistry stain and Weston blot; the communication intercellular was calculated with FRAP; and the ability of recovery was assessed by using an in vitro wound healing model.4、The total proteins of siRNA1 and RPE were seperated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and visualized by silver staining. Proteins with significant expression alterations were selected and their peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs were obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flying mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The PMFs were used to search NCBInr database by Auto MS-Fit software.

实验方法：1、培养原代的人RPE细胞，经过细胞角蛋白、S-100和神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白免疫细胞化学鉴定后，通过AO/PI染色技术确定培养细胞的存活率，描记其生长曲线，第3-5代用于以下细胞实验2、生物合成针对人cx43基因的三条小干扰RNA和一条阴性RNA通过脂质体转染RPE细胞后，通过RT-PCR的方法确定抑制效率最高的干扰片断3、将该片段以不同浓度通过阳离子脂质体转染培养的人RPE细胞后，采用MTT法观察其对细胞的增殖力的作用；通过流式细胞仪观察其对细胞周期的影响；通过扫描电镜观察其对细胞形态的影响；通过免疫细胞化学和Weston blot观察其对cx43蛋白表达的作用；采用激光共聚焦和荧光淬灭恢复技术观察荧光恢复速率平均百分率，评价其对细胞间通讯功能的影响；通过制作RPE细胞损伤模型，观察其对损伤修复能力的作用4、分离纯化转染siRNA的RPE组和正常对照组RPE细胞的全部蛋白质，应用等电聚焦电泳和SDS-PAGE双向电泳技术，银染显示分离出的蛋白质斑点，经凝胶图像分析软件对两个样本进行胶图分析，寻找差异蛋白点。

East valuable Jin Danzhong the gamma - linolenic acid and the soybean lecithin will make the fat 质体 both to conform to the original group side principle and to be possible to increase the preparation the stability and the curative effect.

将东宝金丹中γ-亚麻酸和大豆卵磷脂制成脂质体既符合原组方原则又可增加制剂的稳定性和疗效。

与原质体相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

elementary body：原粒体

element of mulberry leaf 桑叶成分 | elementary body 原粒体 | elementary chromatin fibril 基本染色质原纤维

plasmodium：原质团

而是无细胞壁且形状可变的原质团(plasmodium)或具细胞壁的、卵圆形的单细胞. 寄生在植物上的真菌往往以菌丝体在寄主的细胞间或穿过细胞扩展蔓延. 当菌丝体与寄主细胞壁或原生质接触后,营养物质因渗透压的关系进入菌丝体内.

prime field：质体 (数)

"质因数,质因式","prime factor" | "质体 (数)","prime field" | "原动机","prime mover"

proleg：原足,腹足

原质体 proplastid | 原足,腹足 proleg | 圆窗 ; 正圆窗 round window

protopodite：原肢, 原肢节

原叶体 prothallus | 原肢, 原肢节 protopodite | 原质体 proplastid

protoporphyrin：原紫质

身体吸收了铅之后,在人体内铅会影响细胞质内粒线体中的ferrochelatase,引到血中原紫质(protoporphyrin)升高. 原紫质的半衰期约有六十多天(而血铅只有28-36天). 所以在接触铅之后,即使移除一段时间,血液检查中还会持续观察到 protoporphyrin持续升高.

schizogony：裂体生殖

空泡型和颗粒型细胞的生殖方式有:二分裂法(binary fission)、原质团分割法(plasmotomy)、裂体生殖(schizogony)、内出芽法(endodyogeny),而阿米巴型细胞的生殖方式则有出芽生殖(budding)、芽胞生殖(sporulation)及原质团分割法.

apophyllous：离被(片)的

apopetalous 离瓣的 | apophyllous 离被(片)的 | apoplast 非原质体,质外体

apoplasmodial：非原质团的

apoplasmia | 血浆缺乏 | apoplasmodial | 非原质团的 | apoplast | 非原质体

apoplasmodial：非原生质块的;非原菌体的

"离瓣花;多瓣花","apopetalous flower" | "非原生质块的;非原菌体的","apoplasmodial" | "无生质体系;非原生质体系","apoplast"