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Based on general process of public policy analysis, using the Triple Helix theory, The Interest Group theory and Policy Network theory, with adopting methods of historical analysis, literature analysis, case study and comparative analysis, the dissertation firstly examines irrespectively the history, content, process and outcome of American research university technology transfer policies; Then, the dissertation analyses the value orientation, experiences and issues systematically, putting forward some policy suggestions for Chinese university technology transfer according to Chinese practical needs.
本文依公共政策分析的一般逻辑,运用三重螺旋理论、利益集团理论和政策网络理论,采取历史分析法、文献法、个案法、比较法等研究方法,首先从美国研究型大学技术转移政策历史、政策文本、政策过程、政策结果几方面分别论述,然后对美国研究型大学技术转移政策的价值取向、经验和问题进行了总体分析,并结合我国实际需要,为我国高校技术转移提出适宜的政策建议。
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Chapter one is "Introduction". On the basis of summarizing the history of the study of the pictophonetic characters, we suppose some theoretical principle, such as the principle of the correspondence between the form and the meaning of the individual graph of Chinese characters, the principle of the total graphs of Chinese characters being a character-formation system, and the principle of the optimum development of the character -formation system in the history, and som analytic methods, such as the methods of structrue-function analysis, form-position analysis and meaning factor analysis, in the study of the pictophonetic characters. Chapter two is titled"General knwledge of the pictophonetic character." We discuss their origins, nature and some standards of distingnishing them, introduce the knowledge about the editions of SHUO WEN JIE ZI, analyse the functions of the modules of pictophonetic characters in detail, discuss concretely the function of phonetic graphs showing origins and pronunciations, the function of meaning graphs showing meanings and analogies, and the function of distinguishment when the two kinds of graphs are conbined. Chapter three is"The system of meaning graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."After we describe the structure of the meaning graph system, the relations between meaning graphs, the distributions of the function of meaning graphs showing meanings, and the frequency of all this kind of graphs, we get a table of all meaning graphs, a table of the frequency. Chapter four is"The system of phonetic graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."We describe the structure of the phonetic graph system, the relations between phonetic graphs, and between their function showing origins and their function showing pronunciations, and their frequency, then we get ageneral table of phonetic graphs and table of their frequency. Chapter five is "conclusion". We think that systematical methodology is useful in describing and analysing the formation system of Chinese characters. The methodology is adaptable in describing the formation system of modern Chinese characters as well as the historical character systems, adaptable in describing horizontally as well as comparing vertically. Only when we finish the systematical vertical compare on the base of systematical horizontal decription, could we know the true history of the system of Chinese characters, recover the rule of the system's development, and supply the theoretical supports for the scientifical arrangement of modern Chinese characters.
第一部分—绪论,在总结形声字研究历史状况的基础上,提出了研究形声系统的理论原则和分析方法,即汉字个体字符形义统一的思想,汉字字符集合构形系统的思想,汉字构形系统历史演变系统优化的思想等三项理论原则和结构功能分析法,形位分析法,义素分析法等三种分析方法,还扼要地介绍了具体的工作程序和论文的主要内容;第二部分—形声字概述,论述了形声字的来源、性质和鉴别标准,介绍了对《说文解字》正篆形声字说解中的传抄讹误,版本异文,说解错误校勘和考证的经过,详细分析了形声字构件的功能,具体讨论了声符的示源功能与示音功能,义符的示意功能与类化功能以及声符与义符组合中的相互区别功能;第三部分—小篆字系的义符系统,从义符系统的构成、义符间的相互关系,义符示意功能的分布及义符的构字频度等不同侧面,对义符系统进行了全面的描写,产生了义符总表、义符间意义关系总表和义符构字频度总表;第四部分—小篆字系形声字的声符系统,从声符系统的构成、声符间的相互关系,声符的示源功能与示音功能的关系以及声符的构字频度等不同侧面,对声符系统进行了全面描写,产生了声符总表和声符构字频度总表;第五部分—结束语,在全面测查小篆字系形声字的基础上,对研究汉字的方法和现代汉字发展方向的问题提出了一些看法,认为系统论的方法是描写和分析汉字构形系统行之有效的方法,系统论方法,不仅适用于历史上文字系统的描写,也适用于现代汉字构形系统的描写,不仅适用了断代描写,也适用于历史比较,只有在对汉字断代系统描写的基础上进行系统的历史比较,才能认清汉字系统历史演变的真相,揭示汉字系统发展的客观规律,为科学地整理现代汉字提供理论上的依据。
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History School;Savigny; National Spirit;Codification;Civil Code of China
历史法学派;萨维尼;民族精神;法典化;中国民法典
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The methods of historiographical study mainly include analyzing historical facts, analyzing historical theories, and analyzing historical value.
史学研究方法主要有历史事实分析法、历史理论分析法和历史价值分析法。
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In order to ensure the scientificalness and the feasibility of the study, this paper uses the methods of literature review, expert interview, logic analysis and comparative and historical methods.
为保证本研究的科学性与可行性,本论文运用了文献综述法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法、比较法与历史法等方法。
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After reviewing the traditional teaching assessment for solfege, this article , starting from the theoretical basis of the development teaching assessment for Solfege and the revelation, idea and characteristic it brought to the teaching assessment for solfege and taking the solfege class in the music department of Quanzhou Teachers" College( which the author of this article works with) for example, carries out a preliminary study on the implementation of the development assessment in the teaching assessment for the Solfege in the said college on three aspects - students" assessment, teachers assessment and class teaching assessment, through studying and analyzing the relevant history and literature, interviewing, observing and action researching, and thus provides new information for the reform of teaching assessment for Solfege
本文在对传统的视唱练耳教学评价进行反思后,从发展性视唱练耳教学评价理论依据、理念、特点出发,以本人任职的泉州师范学院音乐系视唱练耳学科为例,通过历史法与文献法、访谈法、观察法和行动研究法的调查分析,从如何进行学生评价、教师评价、教材评价三个方面,对发展性视唱练耳教学评价在泉州师范学院音乐系视唱练耳教学评价中的实施进行初步研究,为视唱练耳教学评价改革提供了新的信息。
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This paper, starting to explain the definition and the analysis of Utopia, through Utopian ideas outside of Utopia or the development of the spirit of Utopia, persisting in the scientific theory of Marxism, mainly studies the value of Utopia and the beneficial inspiration of ideal society. Not only positively inquired about the Utopia and the society develop the objective law conjunction spot, also to the Utopia knew on misinterprets even is the misunderstanding proposes the question and the reply. Finally the ultimate objective which develops the Utopia meaning and the society is persons full scale development organic synthesis, and the establishment to the scientific attitude which positively develops the good and discard the bad enriches the Utopia thought connotation, simultaneously unceasingly gives the proof in the society historic course, for the impetus Utopia development future trend, then fundamentally will reject its own existence all sorts unreasonable factor, will enable the Utopia this society ideal perfect design to have the possibility under the situation which the humanity will progress which the reality will transform.
本文拟从乌托邦的原始解读入手,运用例证法、引证法、对比法、定义法、演绎法和归纳法,通过乌托邦思想史的历史溯源,以马克思主义的唯物史观和科学社会主义等理论为依据,全面剖析乌托邦正反两方面的价值性,在着力探讨乌托邦合理成分转化为理想的可能性基础之上,就乌托邦的取舍问题提出个人的见解,最后再将乌托邦置于当前社会发展的背景下,按照构建和谐社会乃至和谐世界的总体要求,对进一步澄清关于乌托邦的模糊认识,并使乌托邦走出历史发展中的误区注入新的血液和营养,从而能够真正发挥乌托邦人性关怀的精神救赎作用,实现乌托邦理性光芒与马克思关于人的全面发展的思想的高度统一,为不断促进人的全面发展提供更加美好和更加广阔的希望空间。
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As the U. S. has a most universalized higher education system consisted of a big variety of institutions, ranging from community colleges to major research universities, I decided to study its strategies for developing higher education.
在研究中,采用了比较教育中常用的历史法和因素分析法,论述了美国现代高等教育制度的建立和发展,分析了影响美国高等教育发展的经济、政治、社会、民族文化传统和人口变化等诸因素。
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Starting the examination from political, economic and cultural perspectives this thesis applies historical methods, comparative method, elements –analyzing and documents-analyzing methods to the study to present the development of Russian secondary education reform. Moreover, it analyzes the particular education phenomena and characteristics in the period of social titans formation in order to make kneaders get more complete and profound knowledge of the change of Russian secondary education, and to provide some revelations on the development of Chinese secondary education.
本文力图从社会转型背景下的政治、经济、文化等视角,运用历史法、文献分析法、因素分析法、比较法等、展现俄罗斯普通中等教育的改革,分析转型期特有的教育现象及其特点,希图为我国普通中等教育的发展提供启示和参考。
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The adopted study method in this research includes method of historical, methods of literature study and method of material analysis.
本研究主要采用了历史法、文献材料法和理论分析法等研究方法。
- 更多网络解释与历史法相关的网络解释 [注:此内容来源于网络,仅供参考]
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case study method:个案研究[法]
个案研究法(case study method)亦称个案历史法,追踪研究某一个体或团体的行为的一种方法,它包括对一个或几个个案材料的收集、记录,并写出个案报告,在现场收集数据的叫做"实地调查",它通常采用观察、面谈、收集文件证据、描述统计、测验、问卷、图片、影片或录像资料等方法.
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dichotomy:二分法
在方法论上,"二分法"(dichotomy)错误的产生,一方面,是因为把各种关系看成是静止的、非历史的;另一方面,是把历史看成是可还原的、非联系的. 这种二分法的错误方法,会把社会科学研究引入歧途. 因为各种关系是处在特定历史环境中的关系,
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expository method:讲授法
讲授法(expository method)是一种历史悠久的传统的教学方法. 在讲授法中,最经常的知识来源是教科书和其它参考资料、视听材料以及教师的个人经验. 讲授法中最常用的是演讲,也可运用讨论和学生报告等形式. 在演讲式教学中,教师的职能式详细指定将要学什么,
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The Historical Significance of American Revolution:美国革命的历史意义
33 The War between Britain and France英法战争 | 34 The Historical Significance of American Revolution美国革命的历史意义 | 35 Movie Music电影插曲
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historicism:历史相对论
在方法学上采用的是文史共济的历史相对论(historicism)和史料编纂法,外加阅读古代文典所必须的文字训诂法则,惟其重点则放在彰显人物角色在不同文学传统里如何自我呈现,以及他们在外国文学中所造成的印象和冲击.
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Historical School:历史法学派
理顺外贸体制 (-:-) rationalize foreign trade regime | 历史法学派 (-:-) historical school | 立案 (-:-) filing a case
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historical school of law:历史法学派
历史法学 historical jurisprudence | 历史法学派 historical school of law | 历史解释 historical interpretation
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Historical method:历史法
historical materialism 历史唯物主义 | historical method 历史法 | historical psychology 历史心理学
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historical analogy method:历史比拟法
historic place ==> 古迹 | historical analogy method ==> 历史比拟法 | historical best cost of the entity ==> 本单位历史先进水平
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historical archaeological method:历史考古法
历史剧 historical play; | 历史考古法 historical archaeological method; | 历史类比 historical analogy;