企业

基本解释 (translations)

corporation  ·  enterprise  ·  undertaking  ·  establishments  ·  undertakings

与企业相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

The result showed by interviewing these persons: 1 There is the same goal between the department of corporate public relations and the corporate foundation, but carry into effect by the different orientation. 2 The sponsorship of art and culture is the fusion of marketing and public relations, and become" Marketing Public Relations". 3 The relation between the foundation and the group of art and culture changes the direction to the" cooperation", but the" sponsorship". 4 The operators of the enterprise should ponder the ability of the enterprise, from the personnel specialized degree, the enterprise resources and the adjustment of stakeholders, to decide whether it should set up the corporate foundation to sponsor art and culture or not.

研究结果显示，企业公关部门与企业基金会所能达成的企业目的相同，却是透过不同的方向去进行：企业公关部门偏向营利观点，而企业基金会则扮演非营利形象的角色，透过赞助艺文的方式，与公共关系部门形成相辅相承的的互补关系；在企业基金会的艺文赞助行为上乃是融合行销与公关的概念，形成企业「行销公关」的一环；另外在艺文团体与企业基金会的关系上，是走向双向「互助合作」，而非单向的「赞助」关系；最后，企业经营者应衡量企业的能力，从人员专业程度、企业资源及调整企业内外群众关系的能力来决定是否应设立企业基金会从事艺文赞助行为。

Based on a lot of empirical analysis, the author summerizes that the historical premises of mergers in the United States include of the development of modern-enterprise、the technical innovation、the expansile demand and the development of capital market, surveys the developments and characters of mergers in the United States. From Marx's capital concentration theory to the arguments between structure school and conduct school, from the theories of economists at the present age abroad to the achievements of the learned men in China. the author surveys the theorical developments of merger. Making a clear definition of the concept and premises of self-organizational merger on the hypothesis that enterprise is a kind of self-organization, futhermore, the author constructs the theoretical frame of self-organizational merger.

主要内容有：在对大量实证材料分析的基础上，归纳出美国企业兼并的历史前提是现代企业形成与发展、技术上的创新、市场需求的扩大和资本市场的发展，阐释了美国企业兼并的历程与特点；从马克思的资本集中理论，到结构主义与行为主义的争论与分歧，从当代经济学家们的若干理论，到中国学者对企业兼并的认识，跟踪考察了企业兼并理论的起源与发展；从企业是自组织系统的假设出发，界定了企业自组织兼并的内涵，提出了企业自组织兼并存在的条件体系，构建了市场结构、企业自组织兼并行为、产业绩效、政府调控的企业自组织兼并理论的SCPG分析框架，分析了企业自组织兼并理论的贡献。

But at present, the fields of enterprise and theory have not attached importance to the problem of enterprise product mix adjustment, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects. The first is that most enterprises maintain existing situation of product and enterprise and solve sale problem by the way of sales promotion while facing market problem. The second is that most enterprises follow others blindly while consider the problem of market entry, but is passive not active while facing market dropout. The third is that in the aspect of management most enterprises don"t make adaptive managerial strategy according to enterprise"s interior and exterior situation, but flow the routine "learn from successful enterprise, elude failing enterprise". The fourth is that the study on the enterprise product mix adjustment from the side of theory is scarce and fragmentary, immethodical.

但是，目前企业产品结构调整的问题还未引起企业界和理论界的重视，主要体现在：一是面对市场问题，大多数企业是维持现有的产品和企业状况，通过促销手段来解决产品销路问题；二是对待企业产品市场进入的问题上，大多数企业是盲目跟进；而对产品的市场退出，大多数企业往往是被动而非积极主动的；三是在经营方面，大多数企业基本上走的还是"学习成功企业，规避失败企业"的路子，没有从企业自身的内部条件出发，为企业量身制定适合的经营战略；四是迄今为止理论界对企业产品结构调整问题的研究还是少之又少，有关产品结构方面的研究还只是零星、不成体系的。

Succeed, and in the course of constant , steady innovation , optimization, circulation upgrading type improves the implementation quality of the regulatory management system, keep and strengthen the operation efficiency of science , high-efficient business administration system; In other words: Or in successful enterprises of some some time in enterprises with competition advantage in the competition, the sum total of its inside system of business management and normal , regular factors included is sure that has the advantage of being stronger;If there is disparity in a certain respect among enterprises, will certainly and including norm , rule ,etc. overall implementing effect have certain disparity with relevant management system in this respect; If the competition in the same product , market field have difference of excellent , inferior position among enterprises, must have disparity in the whole system of business management and normal , regular factor overall behavior way , result of displaying among enterprises .

成功的企业在企业管理制度实施方面具有共同的特点，那就是规范性的管理制度编制或创新（新的企业管理制度编制过程实际就是一种创新的过程）以及规范性管理制度实施的效果等因素较其他企业成功，而且是在不断的、稳定的创新、优化过程中，循环性升级式地提高规范性管理制度的实施质量，保持和增强科学、高效的企业管理制度体系的运转效能；换句话讲：在竞争中拥有竞争优势的企业或在某一段时间成功的企业，其内部的企业管理制度及其所含的规范、规则因素的总合一定也是具有较强的优势；企业间如在某一方面存在差距，一定是与此方面的相关管理制度及其所含规范、规则等的总体实施效果存在一定的差距；企业间如在同一产品、市场领域里的竞争存在优、劣势之分，一定是企业间在整体企业管理制度及其规范、规则因素的总体表现方式、表现效果存在差距。

Besides the tacitness, the characteristics also composes of distribution, transferability and appropriabilitry. Based on these foundation, the dissertation explain the existence of the firm as institution for the organization of production, explore the nature of coordination within the firm, analyze organizational structure, focusing upon the implications of the knowledge-based view for hierarchy and location of decision-making authority and determine the boundaries of the firm. In making the comparison, a key distinction is made between the theory of knowledge -based of firm and the theory of transaction cost , which is the main stream theory at present. For one thing, The theory of TC does not take tacit knowledge into consideration, to some degree, but focuses much on the risk of opportunism.

据此，本文对企业理论所关注的企业的存在、企业的协调、企业的组织结构、企业的边界、企业的异质性等问题逐一进行了回答，比如，在企业知识理论看来，企业是一种将个人知识一体化的制度；企业的协调不仅是组织成员目标不一致而产生的需要，而且考虑到默会知识的存在，即使组织成员目标一致，协调仍是必要的；企业之所以具有异质性，其根本原因在于默会知识的难以模仿以及企业在生产过程中形成和积聚的知识的差异性，从而导致各个企业最终所积聚的知识和能力具有差异性。

It analyses the essential factors, structure, environment as well as functions of high-tech corporation system and compares the similarities and differences between high-tech corporation system and traditional corporation system; it analyses characteristics in each stage of high-tech corporation lifecycle as well as management roots which lead to the declination of high-tech corporation and researches into the similarities and differences between high-tech corporation lifecycle and other lifecycles, including traditional corporation lifecycle, industry lifecycle, product lifecycle and ecology lifecycle; it studies functional coupling in each stage of high-tech corporation lifecycle and puts forward ways to realize internal coupling of high-tech corporation system and external environment coupling; based on fundamental concepts of dissipative structure, it summarizes six inherent laws of system evolution and on the basis of those laws it advances six principles of high-tech corporation lifecycle management, it poses four sequential parameters of high-tech corporation system, analyses coordination and competition between them and then it advanced four principles of high-tech corporation management; it researches into various cycles in high-tech corporation and puts forward five measures of high-tech corporation management from the point of hypercycle theory; it studies the relations between carious innovation of high-tech corporation innovation system and sets up models of innovation motive forces and resistances, after that it analyses the alternation laws of innovation motive forces and resistances in each stage of high-tech corporation lifecycle, puts forward some measures to strengthen motive forces and lessen resistances and then from the angle of dissipative structure theory, it researches into relevant questions of high-tech corporation innovation management; it studies the location, identification, cultivation, cultivation and protection of high-tech corporation core competence and researches into the key elements of core competence management in each stage of lifecycle and then from the angle of synergetic, it discusses several questions of high-tech corporation core competence management; it studies seven common characteristics of successful high-tech corporation culture and puts forward the ways and measures to cultivate and innovate high-tech corporation culture after that it researches into the characteristics of corporation culture in each stage of lifecycle and discusses relevant questions of high-tech corporation culture management from the point of hypercycle theory; it studies interplay of high-tech corporation system and environment and researches into the development and management of high-tech corporation ecology system after that it analyses the construction and disintegration of high-tech corporation strategic alliance.

剖析了高新技术企业系统的要素、结构、环境与功能，比较了高新技术企业系统与一般企业系统的异同；剖析了高新技术企业在生命周期各阶段的特点及衰退的管理根源，探讨了高新技术企业生命周期与一般企业生命周期、产业生命周期，产品生命周期和生物生命周期的异同；研究了高新技术企业生命周期各阶段的功能耦合，提出了实现高新技术企业系统内部耦合及系统与外部环境耦合的途径；以耗散结构理论的基本概念为基础，总结归纳出系统演化的六大内在规律，据此提出了高新技术企业生命周期管理的六个原则；提出了高新技术企业系统的四个序参量，剖析了生命周期各阶段序参量的协同与竞争，进而提出了高新技术企业管理的四大原则；研究了高新技术企业中的各种循环，从超循环理论的角度提出了高新技术企业管理的五大措施；研究了高新技术企业创新系统中各种创新的关系，建立了创新动力和创新阻力模型，剖析了生命周期各阶段创新动力与阻力的变化规律，提出了增强创新动力与减小创新阻力的措施，从耗散结构理论的角度研究了高新技术企业创新管理的相关问题；研究了高新技术企业核心竞争力的定位、识别、培养及保护，剖析了生命周期各阶段核心竞争力管理的要点，从协同理论的角度研究了高新技术企业的核心竞争力管理的几个问题；剖析了成功的高新技术企业文化的七个共同特点，提出了培养和创新高新技术企业文化的途径及措施，研究了生命周期各阶段企业文化的特征，从超循环理论的角度探讨了高新技术企业文化管理的相关问题；研究了高新技术企业系统与环境的交互作用，探讨了高新技术企业生态系统的开拓与管理，剖析了高新技术企业战略联盟的组建与解体。

Itanalyses the essential factors, structure, environment as well as functions of high-techcorporation system and compares the similarities and differences between high-tech corporationsystem and traditional corporation system; it analyses characteristics in each stage of-high-techcorporation lifecycle as well as management roots which lead to the declination of high-techcorporation and researches into the similarities and differences between high-tech corporationlifecycle and other lifecycles, including traditional corporation lifecycle, industry lifecycle,product lifecycle and ecology lifecycle; it studies functional coupling in each stage of high-techcorporation lifecycle and puts forward ways to realize internal coupling of high-tech corporationsystem and external environment coupling; based on fundamental concepts of dissipativestructure, it summarizes six inherent laws of system evolution and on the basis of those laws itadvances six principles of high-tech corporation lifecycle management; it poses four sequentialparameters of high-tech corporation system, analyses coordinfition and competition between themand then it advanced four principles of high-tech corporation management; it researches intovarious cycles in high-tech corporation and puts forward five measures of high-tech corporationmanagement from the point of hypercycle theory; it studies the relations between cariousinnovation of high-tech corporation innovation system and sets up models of innovation motiveforces and resistances, after that it analyses the alternation laws of innovation motive forces andresistances in each stage of high-tech corporation lifecycle, puts forward some measures tostrengthen motive forces and lessen resistances and then from the angle of dissipative structuretheory, it researches into relevant questions of high-tech corporation innovation management; itstudies the location, identification, cultivation, cultivation and protection of high-tech corporationcore competence and researches into the key elements of core competence management in eachstage of lifecycle and then from the angle of synergetic, it discusses several questions ofhigh-tech corporation core competence management; it studies seven common characteristics ofsuccessful high-tech corporation culture and puts forward the ways and measures to cultivate andinnovate high-tech corporation culture after that it researches into the characteristics ofcorporation culture in each stage of lifecycle and discusses relevant questions of high-techcorporation culture management from the point of hypercycle theory;' it studies interplay ofhigh-tech corporation system and environment and researches into the development andmanagement of high-tech corporation ecology system after that it analyses the construction anddisintegration of high4ech corporation strategic alliance.

剖析了高新技术企业系统的要素、结构、环境与功能，比较了高新技术企业系统与一般企业系统的异同；剖析了高新技术企业在生命周期各阶段的特点及衰退的管理根源，探讨了高新技术企业生命周期与一般企业生命周期、产业生命周期，产品生命周期和生物生命周期的异同；研究了高新技术企业生命周期各阶段的功能耦合，提出了实现高新技术企业系统内部耦合及系统与外部环境耦合的途径：以耗散结构理论的基本概念为基础，总结归纳出系统演化的六大内在规律，据此提出了高新技术企业生命周期管理的六个原则；提出了高新技术企业系统的四个序参量，剖析了生命周期各阶段序参量的协同与竞争，进而提出了高新技术企业管理的四大原则；研究了高新技术企业中的各种循环，从超循环理论的角度提出了高新技术企业管理的五大措施；研究了高新技术企业创新系统中各种创新的关系，建立了创新动力和创新阻力模型，剖析了生命周期各阶段创新动力与阻力的变化规律，提出了增强创新动力与减小创新阻力的措施，从耗散结构理论的角度研究了高新技术企业创新管理的相关问题；研究了高新技术企业核心竞争力的定位、识别、培养及保护，剖析了生命周期各阶段核心竞争力管理的要点，从协同理论的角度研究了高新技术企业的核心竞争力管理的几个问题；剖析了成功的高新技术企业文化的七个共同特点，提出了培养和创新高新技术企业文化的途径及措施，研究了生命周期各阶段企业文化的特征，从超循环理论的角度探讨了高新技术企业文化管理的相关问题；研究了高新技术企业系统与环境的交互作用，探讨了高新技术企业生态系统的开拓与管理，剖析了高新技术企业战略联盟的组建与解体。

The proportion of rents that firms get depends on their network capability. This reveals the essential relationships between network resource, network rents and network capability: First of all, network rents come from the network resources. Furthermore, network rent is the representative of the competitive advantage and the value of the network resource. Second, network resource is the foundation of the network capability, the function of network capability is activated in the process of using network resource by firm. It enables the network resource to be a potential value resource of the competitive advantage. At last, network capability activates the network rents in the network resource, and make sure that the firm get the additional benefit;(4) the network capability can be classified as: network visioning capability, network constructing capability, network operating capability and network constructing capability. Some factors, such as maturity of IT, openness of culture, management system involved, experience of participation in network, have a positive effect on the network capability of the firm;(5) the impact of network capability on innovation performance is realized through knowledge transfer between network partners, namely, knowledge transfer is the mediator; and (6) the type of innovation network, exporation network or exploitation network, has moderator effect on the relationship of network capability and knowledge transfer, and network capability and innovation performance as well. In the exploration network, network constructing capability has more effect on the performance of the knowledge transfer and innovation. In the exploitation network, network operating capability has more effect on the performance of the knowledge transfer and innovation.

通过对创新网络环境下网络资源、网络租金和网络能力的概念界定和内涵分析，本研究辨析了三者之间以及它们与竞争优势之间的本质关系：首先，网络资源是网络租金的来源，而网络租金是企业竞争优势的表征，也是网络资源的价值体现；其次，网络资源是网络能力的基础，而网络能力在运用网络资源的过程中发挥其作用，实现了网络资源成为竞争优势源泉的内在价值；最后，网络能力激活了蕴涵在网络资源中的网络租金，并确定企业获得这种额外收益的份额，网络租金正是网络能力发挥作用的成果；(4)企业网络能力可以分成网络规划能力、网络配置能力、网络运作能力和网络占位能力四种，本研究的实证结果表明企业的IT成熟度、文化开放度、网络管理体系和网络活动经验都能够正向影响企业的网络能力水平，因而企业可以通过改善上述各种因素的水平来实现提升企业网络能力的水平；(5)企业网络能力对企业创新绩效的促进作用更多地是通过正向影响知识转移实现的，即知识转移在其中起到了中介作用；(6)创新网络的类型，即探索型创新网络和利用型创新网络，分别在网络配置能力和网络运作能力与知识转移之间的关系中，以及在网络配置能力和网络运作能力与创新绩效之间的关系中起到调节作用，在探索性创新网络中，企业的网络配置能力对提升企业获得的知识转移绩效和创新绩效更为重要；而在利用性创新网络中，企业的网络运作能力对提升企业获得的知识转移绩效和创新绩效更为重要。

China Awards2008 The Best China Outsourcing Top502007 The Most Competitive No.1 Brand of China Call Center Outsourcing2007 Software Enterprise2004**** China Best Call Center Outsourcer in Technical Support2005 China Best Outsourcing Customer Service Provider2004**** Superbrands – China2002**** In Appreciation of Excellent Economic and Export Performance赛科斯企业有限公司（纳斯达克股市代码:SYKE

Sykes中国2008：中国服务外包企业最佳实践五十强2007：中国外包呼叫中心最具影响力第一品牌2007：软件企业2004****：中国最佳外包呼叫中心技术支持奖2005：中国最佳外包呼叫服务机构2004****：中国超级品牌2002****：全国双优外商投资企业

On the bases of investigating and grasping the materials about the AHPPEs, AHPPEs' developing situation is analyzed completely in this article on vertical direction of time order and horizontal direction of department, in the meantime, material buying process, capital's using rate, and product selling process are also analyzed completely. Pointing out because the differences of owning right among State-Operated Enterprises, Collectively Operated Enterprises and Privately Operated Enterprises, there are differences in the producing behavior and trade development.A. According to the theory of producer behavior, POEs is on the way from stageⅠto stage Ⅱ,economic interests increasing;COEs is on the end of stageⅡ,economic interests decreasing;SOEs on stage Ⅲ,economic interests is negatively increasing.Model analyzing method shows that scale economic doesn't exist in SOEs and COEs, but POEs is the reverse.B. Different owning right enterprises have great differences in the respect of capital scale,product making and selling processes, at last SOEs and COEs' economic interests is much less than that of POEs. Scale economic doesn't exist in SOEs and COEs, POEs have the potential of developing scale economic, furthermore, the new-coming horizontal in the horizontal structure have the good situation.

在跟踪调查掌握资料的基础上，文章对该区农畜产品加工企业的发展状况从时间序列的纵向和行业结构的横向进行了比较分析，同时又从原材料购买过程、资金的利用效率以及产品的销售过程等各个方面进行了全方位地剖析，指出由于企业存在着国有、集体和民营产权类型的不同，导致生产行为和行业发展存在着差异：A、生产者行为理论分析总结出，民营企业正在处于第Ⅰ阶段向第Ⅱ阶段的过度区，经济效益上升；集体企业处于第Ⅱ阶段的末端，经济效益下降；国有企业处于第Ⅲ阶段，经济效益负增长。B、不同产权企业在资金规模，产品的生产和售卖过程上存在着很大不同，最终导致国有和集体企业经济效益比民营企业要差得多，用模型方法分析得出结论：国有企业和集体企业都不存在规模经济，而民营企业存在规模经济的发展潜力，并且在行业结构中属于民营产权的新兴行业发展状况良好。C、行业间也存在着很大的不同：集体企业的优势行业是制酒、粮食加工和肉食品加工等行业；民营企业的优势在皮件类、服装、粮食加工和制酒等行业；国有企业当中食品加工、肉食品加工和食品冷库类是优势行业。

与企业相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

business：企业

到1950年,主要由于二战期间美国企业治理的绩效,"企业"(Business)变为一个好名词. 不久,企业治理作为一个研究领域在政治上尤为正确. 而自那时以来,在学术界与公众的看法上,对治理保持了与企业治理的认同不变. 现在,德鲁克说,

conglomerate：联合企业

第三次企业并购浪潮终止于1929年10月29日证券市场大崩溃和持续数年的经济大萧条. 由于塞勒-凯弗尔法案的约束,在这次企业并购浪潮中,企业普遍采取了多元化经营战略,表现为多元化并购. 随着企业并购活动的升级,联合企业(conglomerate)越来越多,逐渐成为普遍的社会现象.

enterprise network：企业网

企业网(ENTERPRISE NETWORK)是非常典型的综合网络实例. 在本设计方案中主要是对一个企业进行整体的网络设计. ...企业网是指覆盖企业范围的网络,是把企业的通信资源、处理器资源、存贮器资源,以及企业的信息资源等捆绑在一起的网络,通过这个网络,

Limited partnership：有限合伙企业

从合伙企业的资产及责任承担方式角度看,合伙企业可以分为普通合伙企业(General Partnership)、有限合伙企业(Limited Partnership)与隐名合伙企业(Secret Partnership)三种形式.

Proprietorship：独资企业

独资企业(proprietorship)是由个人拥有的非公司化企业. 以个人独资企业的形式开展经营非常便利--只需开张经营即可. 独资企业具有三个方面的重要优势:(1)公司组建简便易行,成本较低;(2)受政府政策的影响不大;(3)与公司相比,所缴纳的企业所得税较低.

Venture business：风险企业

"风险企业"(venture business)这个术语是在日本首先出现的. h. nakamura和t. kiyonari 两位教授在1970年厘定了现行的概念. 风险企业被理解为一种知识密集、创新、小型的商业组织. 1984年,在中小企业局风险企业研究小组的一份中间研究报告:"风险企业的问题"中假定风险企业有如下的特点:

Conglomerates：综合性大企业

第二次世界大战后,企业集团发展出成熟的形式--康采恩(Concern)和综合性大企业(Conglomerates). 由于国际市场竞争比二战前更为剧烈,欧美企业纷纷走向多元化经营,不同经济部门的企业整合为以工业资本或金融财团为核心的金字塔式的企业网络.

Enterprises：支持发展大企业放开小企业

enterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业 | turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司 | Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制

free enterprise：自由企业

可以认为,企业内部市场组织是一种元结构(metastructure),这种结构的基本构成单元是"内部企业"(internal enterprise)或"自组织"(self-organization)单位,众多"内部企业"或"自组织"单位最终将传统企业提升为"自由企业"(free enterprise).

private company：私人企业

审计、保荐、整合企业资源、宣传、聘请等成本,为许多企业所难以承受;上市融资的成本往往比金融机构融资的成本更高;再说,企业从私人企业(private company)转变到公众企业(public company),往往需要承受更大的压力.