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We explore these questions in Legume model system, Lotus japonicus. Compared with model plants Antirrhinum and Arabidopsis, floral pattern formation of Lotus japonicus is different in several aspects. Floral organs initiate in an order of sepals, carpel, petals, stamens. Within each whorl, organs initiate unidirectionally from ventral side to dorsal side. Initiation of organs in different whorl overlaps. Stamens exist in both 2nd whorl and 3rd whorl, and 2nd whorl is heterogeneous for the existence of different identity organs .
与模式植物金鱼草和拟南芥相比,豆科模式植物百脉根的花模式建成有其特殊性:一、花器官从腹部向背部单向起始;二、器官起始顺序是萼片—心皮—花瓣—雄蕊;三、不同轮的器官起始时间相互重叠;四、相同属性的器官出现在不同轮中;五、第二轮不均一,出现不同属性的花器官;六、花瓣和雄蕊不单独起始,而是经过了短暂的花瓣—雄蕊共同原基的阶段。
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Flowers small to medium-sized, bracteate and often bracteolate, bisexual or unisexual, actinomorphic or rarely zygomorphic, hypogynous to epigynous, floral cup shallow to urn-shaped, sometimes absent; sepals 4 or 5(–10), sometimes absent, imbricate, usually persistent; petals absent or 4 or 5, yellow, white, greenish or red, often ribbonlike and circinate in bud, caducous; stamens 4, 5, or many, free, rarely arranged in 2 whorls with the inner whorl staminodal, development of polyandrous androecia centripetal or centrifugal; anthers basifixed, thecae mostly bisporangiate, each opening by two valves or a simple longitudinal slit, or monosporangiate and opening by a single valve (Exbucklandia, Hamamelis and the genera of the S hemisphere), connective protruding; disk scales sometimes present between stamens and carpels.
花小对中型,具苞片和通常,萼片4或5(-10),有时无,覆瓦状,通常宿存;花瓣无或者4-5,黄色,白色,带绿色或者红,通常在芽期带状的并且拳卷,早落;雄蕊4,5,或者很多,离生,很少2轮生并且退化雄蕊内部轮生,多雄蕊的雄蕊群向心或离花药基着大多为的囊bisporangiate,以二裂爿或一单纵裂缝每开阔的,花盘鳞片有时片在雄蕊和心皮之间存在。
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Stamens usually twice as many as petals and in 2 whorls, rarely as many as petals by loss of 1 whorl, isomorphic or dimorphic; filaments distinct, often geniculate, inflexed in bud; anthers typically 2-celled, introrse, basifixed, dehiscent by 1 or 2 apical pores or by short longitudinal slits; connective often variously appendaged.
雄蕊通常是花瓣数量的两倍并且2轮,有时1轮而与花瓣同数,同形或二形;花丝离生,通常膝曲,在芽期内折;花药通常2室,向内,基着,通过1-2顶孔或短纵裂裂缝开裂(Astronia ,Memecylon;药隔通常有不同的附属物。
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Ovary 2-loculed; style of three lengths with capitate stigma below, above, or between two stamen whorls.
子房2室; 3 个长度花柱的头状柱头,在雄蕊下面、上面,或在轮生二雄蕊之间。
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obcuneate:到楔形的
倒心脏形的 obcordate | 到楔形的 obcuneate | 二轮雄蕊交叉的 obdiplostemonous
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obdiplostemonous:二轮雄蕊交叉的
到楔形的 obcuneate | 二轮雄蕊交叉的 obdiplostemonous | 交叉二轮雄蕊 obdiplostemony
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obdiplostemony:交叉二轮雄蕊
二轮雄蕊交叉的 obdiplostemonous | 交叉二轮雄蕊 obdiplostemony | 对象 object