turn into
- turn into的基本解释
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进入, (使)变成, 使变成, 变为
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Direct left turn from driveways is considered as a contributor to accident and delay in at-grade intersections. Safety benefits of prohibiting direct left turn from driveways have been identified in many studies. Several engineering alternatives have been developed to accommodate prohibited driveway left turns. These alternatives are (1) right-turn followed by U-turn at the down stream intersection;(2) right-turn followed by median U-turn before the intersection;(3) right-turn followed by median U-turn after the intersection;(4) upstream Jug Handle, and (5) downstream Jug Handle.
鉴于直接左转机动车交通常是路口事故和延误的诱因之一,左转禁驶在许多研究中都作为一项安全措施处理,直接左转处理方式有多种,大致包括:(1)下游路口右转后U形调头直行;(2)当前路口右转后在下一路口前的隔离带打U形调头直行;(3)当前路口右转后在下一路口后的隔离带打U形调头直行;(4)在当前路口上游打&壶柄状&转行;(5)在当前路口下游打&壶柄状&转行。
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The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.
本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法,研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami,RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ,GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum,NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis,DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP,5μg),注射当天睡眠时间略有减少,第二日睡眠时间显著减少,觉醒时间明显增多,第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后,与生理盐水组比较,睡眠时间增加,觉醒时间减少;而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid, L-Glu, 0.2μg)后,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增加;RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline,BIC,1.0μg)后,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增加;RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen,BAC,1.0μg)后,产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg,0.5μg)后,与生理盐水组对比,睡眠时间略有减少,但无显著性意义;而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside,SNP,0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间,缩短睡眠时间;微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine,L-NNA,2.0μg)后,引起睡眠时间增多,觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用;RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后,与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠,其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate,MOR,1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比,睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加; RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride,NAL,1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较,睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后,与生理盐水组对比,原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较,睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少;RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue,MB,1.0μg)后,与NS组比较,睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg),同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后,与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS, 0.2μg)比较,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增多;大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg),同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide, MS, 1.0μg )后,与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg,双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较,睡眠时间增多,觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine,PCPA,10μg),同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后,与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS, 1.0μg)比较,睡眠时间增多,觉醒时间减少;大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg),产生睡眠增多效应后,在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan , 5-HTP, 1.0μg )后,与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg,双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增多。
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Eagles--Last Good Time In Town [00:20.02]1223_dd制作 [00:58.45]I like to go out every now and then [01:02.30]I can't wait to do it again [01:06.19]But I haven't had the time [01:10.81]Lately [01:14.27]I like to step out every once in a while [01:18.89]I kind of like to do it in style [01:22.90]I haven't had the time [01:26.96]Lately [01:31.70]Lately I've been stayin' at home [01:35.60](Stayin' at home, stayin' at home) [01:39.73]Workin' the crosswords, turn off the phone [01:43.85](Turn off the phone, turn off the phone) [01:51.71]And I dream I'm on vacation [01:55.86]'Cause I like the way that sounds [01:59.98]It's a perfect occupation [02:04.27]For me [02:08.90]I don't mind being by myself [02:12.72]If there's no one else around [02:16.69]It's the last good time in town [02:38.59]Well, I could stand up straight, get a real job [02:43.25]Stay up late with the same old mob [02:47.16]But it hasn't crossed my mind [02:51.79]Lately [02:55.97]Put on a suit, work downtown [03:00.12]Then come up when the sun goes down [03:03.88]No, I haven't had the time [03:08.50]Lately [03:12.70]Lately I've been stayin' at home [03:20.37](Stayin' at home, stayin' at home) [03:21.06]Closin' the curtains, play jazz on trombone [03:24.95](Jazz on trombone, jazz on trombone) [03:32.55]And I dream I'm on vacation [03:36.79]No, you won't see me around [03:41.00]It's a perfect situation [03:45.37]For me [03:49.77]I don't mind being by myself [03:53.68]'Cause I know you'll come on down [03:57.59]It's the last good time in town [05:12.71]Lately I've been stayin' at home [05:16.58](Stayin' at home, stayin' at home) [05:20.72]Workin' the crosswords, turn off the phone [05:24.88](Turn off the phone, turn off the phone) [05:32.65]And I dream I'm on vacation [05:36.68]'Cause I like the way that sounds [05:40.96]It's a perfect occupation [05:45.20]For me, yes it is [05:49.85]I don't mind being by myself [05:53.75]If you don't see me around [05:57.75]It's the last good time, last good time in town
钛:最后好时光在城市 [按:1223_dd] [00:00.01]鹰-最后好时光在城 [00:20.02] 1223_dd制作 [00:58.45]我想现在出去,然后每 [01:02.30]我不能等待再次做 [01:06.19]但我没有时间 [01:10.81]最近 [01:14.27]我想退了,而在每一次 [01:18.89]我有点像做有声有色 [01:22.90]我没有时间 [01:26.96]最近 [01:31.70]最近我一直留驻'在家 [01:35.60](留驻'在家里,留驻'在家) [01:39.73] Workin'的纵横字谜,关掉手机 [01:43.85](关闭手机关闭,关闭手机) [01:51.71]我的梦想我在我休假 [01:55.86]'原因我很喜欢的声音 [01:59.98]这是一个完美的职业 [02:04.27]对我来说 [02:08.90]我不介意由我正 [02:12.72]如果没有其他人靠近 [02:16.69]这是最后一次在城里好 [02:38.59]嗯,我可以挺直腰杆,得到一份真正的工作 [02:43.25]保持与老暴徒晚 [02:47.16]但一直没有干扰过我 [02:51.79]最近 [02:55.97]关于提起诉讼,把工作市中心 [03:00.12]然后提出时,天黑了 [03:03.88]没有,我没有时间 [03:08.50]最近 [03:12.70]最近我一直留驻'在家 [03:20.37](留驻'在家里,留驻'在家) [03:21.06] Closin'的窗帘,玩爵士长号 [03:24.95](爵士乐长号,爵士的长号) [03:32.55]我的梦想我在我休假 [03:36.79]不,你不会看到我周围 [03:41.00]这是一个完美的情况 [03:45.37]对我来说 [03:49.77]我不介意由我正 [03:53.68]'的原因,我知道你会来的下降 [03:57.59]这是最后一次在城里好 [05:12.71]最近我一直留驻'在家 [05:16.58](留驻'在家里,留驻'在家) [05:20.72] Workin'的纵横字谜,关掉手机 [05:24.88](关闭手机关闭,关闭手机) [05:32.65]我的梦想我在我休假 [05:36.68]'原因我很喜欢的声音 [05:40.96]这是一个完美的职业 [05:45.20]对我来说,是有 [05:49.85]我不介意由我正 [05:53.75]如果你看不到我周围 [05:57.75]这是最后的好时机,最后在城里的好时机
- 更多网络解释 与turn into相关的网络解释 [注:此内容来源于网络,仅供参考]
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turn into:变成
thick adj. 厚的;浓的 | turn into 变成 | knee n. 膝盖
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turn into:进入;使变成,使成为
turn in 转身进入;拐入;交出 | turn into 进入;使变成,使成为 | turn off 关(水源等);拐弯
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turn into:使变成,使成为
turn in 上床睡觉;交还,上交 | turn ... into 使变成,使成为 | turn off 关(水源等);拐弯
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turn into:把......变成
14.set up 建起 | 15.turn...into 把......变成 | 16.give out 捐出;献出
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turn into sth:转变
turn down 不接受,把...调小 | turn into sth. 转变 | turn off 关闭, 使...停止
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