run into someone
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The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.
本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法,研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami,RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ,GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum,NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis,DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP,5μg),注射当天睡眠时间略有减少,第二日睡眠时间显著减少,觉醒时间明显增多,第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后,与生理盐水组比较,睡眠时间增加,觉醒时间减少;而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid, L-Glu, 0.2μg)后,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增加;RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline,BIC,1.0μg)后,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增加;RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen,BAC,1.0μg)后,产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg,0.5μg)后,与生理盐水组对比,睡眠时间略有减少,但无显著性意义;而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside,SNP,0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间,缩短睡眠时间;微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine,L-NNA,2.0μg)后,引起睡眠时间增多,觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用;RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后,与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠,其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate,MOR,1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比,睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加; RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride,NAL,1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较,睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后,与生理盐水组对比,原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较,睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少;RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue,MB,1.0μg)后,与NS组比较,睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg),同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后,与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS, 0.2μg)比较,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增多;大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg),同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide, MS, 1.0μg )后,与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg,双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较,睡眠时间增多,觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine,PCPA,10μg),同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后,与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS, 1.0μg)比较,睡眠时间增多,觉醒时间减少;大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg),产生睡眠增多效应后,在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan , 5-HTP, 1.0μg )后,与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg,双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较,睡眠时间减少,觉醒时间增多。
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Someone is tossing petals in a stream Somewhere someone is standing at the foothills of their dreams Someone got a paintbrush, is painting over doubts Someone opened up his eyes and saw the sun coming out Someone was captive and found the courage to get off From a boulder in the well, somewhere the rain has stopped Someone is finding the place where they belong Everyday is summer somewhere in the world And the summer boys are headed for the falls to kiss the girls With their impatient hands groping honey breasts and curls They are filled with desire And high in the hills there's a baby being born As forgiveness and peace wash over bruises and sores People bridging the distance over nettles and thorns Everyone aboard on the merry-go-round Some things will rise up so that others come down If the devil don't dance, heaven won't shine It's a mighty thick haze and it's a pretty thin line If the facuet is tightened up the love won't flow If the love isn't bright enough the corn won't grow If the night isn't dark enough the moon won't glow A rich man counting money, a tired man counting sheep While the safe man counts his blessings, the hungry man has beans There's a million people praying, raising up their eyes To what turns out to be the same god, the same sky We are slightly scared of death, a little bit afraid So we celebrate everything we can think to celebrate We shall sing out loud to keep the hounds away Everyone aboard on the merry-go-round Some things will rise up so that others come down If the devil don't dance, heaven won't shine It's a mighty thick haze and it's a pretty thin line If the facuet is tightened up the love won't flow If the love isn't bright enough the corn won't grow If the night isn't dark enough the moon won't glow Prisons will crumble and governments will fall It's the order of freedom to be preceded by walls Cause the truth would be worthless if no one ever lied So we carry our shame in the interest of pride And we have all these questions to make us go roam And we've got all this distance to make us come home As the sun burns, a child learns, the tide churns, the world turns Everyone aboard on the merry-go-round Some things will rise up so that others come down If the devil don't dance, heaven won't shine It's a mighty thick haze and it's a pretty thin line If the facuet is tightened up the love won't flow If the love isn't bright enough the corn won't grow If the night isn't dark enough the moon won't glow
有人扔花瓣在流某处有人站在山脚下的他们的梦想有人了画笔,画的是怀疑有人打开了他的眼睛,看到太阳出来有人圈养和发现的勇气下车从巨石的很好,某处雨已停止有人的地方发现它们属于日常是夏天在世界一些地方和夏季男孩前往瀑布亲吻女孩不耐烦的手与他们摸索蜂蜜乳房和卷发他们是充满希望和高的山上有一个婴儿出生作为宽恕与和平洗了伤痕和疮人民缩小距离,荨麻和荆棘 93号航班上的旋转木马有些东西会起来,使其他人下降如果没有魔鬼舞蹈,天上不会服务这是一个强大的浓雾,这是一个非常薄线如果是加紧facuet的爱将不会流如果爱情是没有足够明亮的玉米不会增长如果是没有黑暗的夜晚足够月球不会发光富翁数钱,一个疲惫的人计数羊虽然安全的人把他的祝福,在饥饿的人有豆有100万人祈祷,提高了他们的眼睛什么结果是相同的上帝,同样的天空我们稍微害怕死亡,有点害怕因此,我们庆祝所能想庆祝我们将唱大声保持距离猎犬 93号航班上的旋转木马有些东西会起来,使其他人下降如果没有魔鬼舞蹈,天上不会服务这是一个强大的浓雾,这是一个非常薄线如果是加紧facuet的爱将不会流如果爱情是没有足够明亮的玉米不会增长如果是没有黑暗的夜晚足够月球不会发光监狱将崩溃和政府将下降有秩序的自由之前,墙壁原因真相将是毫无价值的,如果没有人说谎因此,我们在履行我们的耻辱的利益骄傲和我们所有这些问题让我们去漫游我们还有这一切的距离,使我们回家太阳灼伤,儿童学习,潮流,提供世界轮流 93号航班上的旋转木马有些东西会起来,使其他人下降如果没有魔鬼舞蹈,天上不会服务这是一个强大的浓雾,这是一个非常薄线如果是加紧facuet的爱将不会流如果爱情是没有足够明亮的玉米不会增长如果是没有黑暗的夜晚足够月球不会发光
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Everyone who has been gone was once someone's child, someone's relative, someone's spouse, someone's companion, someone's cater-cousin, and someone's follower.
往生一切往生者,都曾经是某人的子女,某人的夫妻,某人的亲戚,某人的伴侣,某人的至交,某人的学生。
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Run into someone:同义:邂逅相遇
不期而遇 To happen upon | 例句:The two men happened upon each other by chance. | 同义:邂逅相遇 Run into someone.
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Run into someone:巧遇
31. brings it up at dinner 在晚餐上供应什么 | 32. run into someone巧遇 | 33. pediatrician 儿科医生
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Run into someone:偶然遇见某人
38 make peace with sb和解,言归于好 | 39 run into someone偶然遇见某人 | 40 speak up 明确而坦率地发表意见
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Until they run into someone stronger and meaner:除非遇见一个更恶的
And bullies,they don't back down.|你这种人, 不会低头 | Until they run into someone stronger and meaner.|除非遇见一个更恶的 | But you'll accept an apology.|但你会接受道歉
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And those are the times you usually run into someone you don't wanna see:通常因为你遇见 你不想见到的人
Oh, my God!|我的... | And those are the times you usually run into someone you don't wanna see.|通常因为你遇见 你不想见到的人 | In my case, it was Enid, my editor at Vogue... also alone.|我就遇到了伊妮...
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