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The isopiestic molalities and water activities have been determined for the systems Li_2SO_4-H_2O and Li_2B_4O_7-H_2O at 273.15K in the ion strength ranges of 0.6063~ 1.7640 mol · kg~(-1),and 0.1069—0.6478 mol· kg~(-1) respectively and for the systems Li_2SO_4-H_2O, Li_2B_4O_7-H_2O and Li_2SO_4-Li_2B_4O_7-H_2O at 298.15K in the ion strength ranges of 0.3577—5.6378 mol·kg~(-1), 0.1747—2.4497 mol·kg~(-1), 0.2394—5.5399 mol · kg~(-1) respectively by the isopiestic method using an improved equipment.
本论文利用改进的等压设备和实验方法测定了273.15K下纯盐水溶液Li_2SO_4和Li_2B_4O_7离子强度范围分别为0.6063~1.7640mol·kg~(-1,0.1069~0.6478mol·kg~(-1)以及298.15K下纯盐水溶液Li_2SO_4和Li_2B_4O_7离子强度范围分别为0.3577~5.6378mol·kg~(-1,0.1747~2.4497mol·kg~(-1)和Li_2SO_4-Li_2B_4O_7-H_2O体系混合盐水溶液离子强度范围为0.2394~5.5399mol·kg~(-1的等压平衡浓度和水活度。
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The osmotic coefficients and saturated vapor pressures have been calculated at the different temperatures .The experimental values of the osmotic coefficients for the Li_2SO_4-H_2O system were consistent with the values in the references. The results revealed the rules of the changing in osmotic coefficients and saturated vapor pressures with ion strengths and the molality fractions of Li_2B_4O_7 at different temperatures. The isopiestic equilibrium molalities were correlated by using the modified and the extended Zdanovskii rules for non-ideal mixtures, and obey well the Zdanovskii rules. The ion interaction parameters of Pitzer model have been determined by using the two methods for Li_2SO_4-Li_2B_4O_7-H_2O at 298.15K system.
本文计算了不同温度下该纯盐体系和混合盐体系的渗透系数和饱和蒸汽压,并将298.15K下的纯盐溶液渗透系数的实验值与文献值进行比较,取得了相一致的结果;揭示了不同温度下渗透系数和饱和蒸汽压随离子强度及Li_2B_4O_7质量摩尔浓度分数yb的变化规律;本文用Zdanovskii规则修正式和扩展式关联了298.15K下该混合盐体系的等压平衡浓度之间的关系,计算结果表明用这两个方程可以描述该体系在全浓度范围内的等压平衡浓度间的关系。
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The equilibrium molalities of ReO4(superscript -) were measured at ionic strengths from 0.1 to 2.0 molkg^(-1) in the aqueous phase and at constant initial molality of extractant in the organic phase at temperatures from 278.15 to
在N235+(NH4)ReO4+n-C7H16+HCl+H2O体系中,在温度278.15~303.15 K和离子强度0.1~2.0 molkg^(-1)范围内,以NH4Cl为支持电解质,在HCl体系中测定了萃取平衡水相中ReO4浓度和pH值。
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At present,the rate laws and reaction mechanisms of pyrite oxidation,pyrite and chalcopyrite formation,uraninite and magnetite dissolution in aqueous solutions are mainly studied,and it is discovered that (1)oxidation rate of pyrite controlled by surface reaction assume fractional dependence on Fe3+ and O2 molalities in acid solutions;(2)Pyrite cannot nucleate directly from solutions below 300 ℃,it can only form initially through sulfidation of a FeS precursor. The rate equation of reaction between FeS and H2S to form pyrite is of the second order;(3)Chalcopyrite is formed by reactions of pyrrhotite or pyrite with Cu2+,the former proceeds via a series of mediate metastable phases of Cu-Fe sulfide,whereas the rate equation of the latter is apparently of the first order which is controlled by surface reaction;(4)The nonlinear behavior of magnetite dissolution at acid pH can be represented by a shrinking core model coupling with surface reaction and diffusion transport.
目前主要研究了水溶液中黄铁矿氧化、黄铁矿和黄铜矿形成、晶质铀矿和磁铁矿溶解的速率定律和反应机理,发现:(1)酸性溶液中黄铁矿的氧化速率对Fe3+和O2浓度呈分数依赖并受表面反应的控制;(2)低于300 ℃时黄铁矿不能从溶液中直接成核,而需初始地通过FeS先驱物的硫化生成,FeS与H2S反应形成黄铁矿的速率方程为二级;(3)磁黄铁矿或黄铁矿与Cu2+反应均可形成黄铜矿,前者经历了一系列准稳的Cu-Fe硫化物的中间物,后者的速率方程为表观一级并受表面反应的控制;(4)酸性pH时磁铁矿的非线性溶解行为可采用表面反应扩散输运耦合的收缩核模型来描述。
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Determining the dilution enthalpies of DMF and DMA in aqueous glycerol solutions of various molalities, we discussed peptide bond and hydrophobic side chains interacting with glycerol in aqueous solutions. Molecular dynamics simulating ethylene glycol and glycerol solutions have been done to study the microscopic structure of polyhydroxy compounds solutions.
本文用滴定量热法研究了298.15K下酰胺(N—甲基甲酰胺、N,N—二甲基甲酰胺、N—甲基乙酰胺和N,N—二甲基乙酰胺)分别在于MAO水溶液和尿素水溶液中的焓相互作用,探讨了溶剂变化对酰胺侧链相互作用的影响,从肽键及疏水侧链角度研究了TMAO和尿素对蛋白质稳定性的影响。
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