general education development
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The result shows that: with the expansion of teacher education space, the reform and development of Chinese teacher education is much closer or equal to that of the international teacher education. The transitional stage and education reform in China puts forward a new demand for P. E. talents. The innovation as to education object, specification and curriculum arrangement raised in P. E. Curriculum Arrangement for Chinese Universities with four-year Program published in 2003 meets such a demand, and narrows the gap of education development in high P. E. academy between China and foreign countries. P. E. teachers abroad are usually cultivated by comprehensive universities, the cultivating objectives are verified, and generalists adapted to social development are emphasized. Cultivating mode abroad are various, with "open-type" or "non-directional type" as the main mode, and 4-year program, 5-year program, and 3-year program serve as the main form of education system. Curriculum arrangement abroad stresses general education, with foundationalization, normalization, objectification, optionalization, miniaturization, internationalization and syntheticalization as its characteristics and it employs credit system. The close-typed cultivating mode of P. E. academies in China should be gradually transformed into open-type or multi-type, cultivating generalists instead of specialists, and further constructing a new one with several cultivating types co-existing. Orientation of P.E. teachers in China should follow standard principle, coordination principle, experience principle and resource principle. To improve P.E teacher education in China, the following measures can be taken: relevant laws and regulations should be made for orientation; P.E teachers" training organization should be encouraged to participate in orientation; extension and connotation of P.E. teacher education should be expanded; resources should be optimize; systematic P.E. teachers" orientations should be organized;"Life P.E. Teacher Qualification "should be changed; useful-life should be set for P. E. teacher qualification; P.E. teacher qualification should be regularly authenticated; On-job training of P. E. teachers abroad tends to be systematic, but in China P.E. teachers" on-job training and prevocational training are separated; therefore measures must be taken to change this circumstance and thus speed up the systematic process. Factors concerning constructing a new system of P. E teachers are the following: reconstructing resources, making P.E. teachers" cultivation, orientation and training systematic, establishing a mechanism for encouragement and punishment, making school-based training and college training systematic, and setting up a mechanism combining directional training with non-directional training.
研究结果表明:随着教师教育革新空间的拓展,我国体育教师教育的改革与发展水平逐步与国际体育教师教育发展趋于接轨化。2003年颁布的《全国普通高校体育教育本科专业课程方案》在培养目标和规格、课程设置上的创新性,适应了我国社会转型和教育改革对体育教育专业人才的需求,进一步缩小了与国外高等体育院系教育发展的差距;国外体育教师一般由综合性大学或文理多科性大学培养,培养目标多向化,以培养适应社会发展的通才型人才为主;培养模式灵活多样,多数以"开放型"或"非定向型"培养模式为主,学制多以4年制、5年制、3年为主;课程设置上注重通识教育,突出基础化、师范化、针对化、选修化、小型化、国际化和综合化特点,实行完全学分制的教育管理制度;我国普通高校体育教育本科专业人才培养模式应该由封闭性转向开放式混合型的人才培养模式转变,由专才型转向复合型人才培养模式转变,构建多种类型并存的人才培养模式;我国体育教师入职教育革新应遵循的原则是本位原则、协同原则、经验原则和时间与资源原则,改进措施有:做好入职教育的法规化、制度化建设,激励体育师资培育机构参与体育教师的入职教育,拓展体育教师教育的外延和内涵,优化整合资源,系统组织体育教师的入职教育,改变体育教师资格"终身制",设定体育教师资格有效期限,推行教师资格定期认证制度等;国际上体育教师在职培训体系显现了体育教师教育一体化的发展取向,但我国体育教师的在职培训与职前培养存在分离性,必须采取改革措施,加速我国体育教师教育的一体化进程;构建体育教师教育新体系的实施要素是:重组资源配置,实现体育教师培养、入职和培训一体化,建立奖惩机制,实现校本与院校培训一体化,建立体育教师定向与非定向培养培训有机结合机制。
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This article illustrates detailed investigation and the statistics about art vocational education and development in vocational schools such as ShaanXi Art School,Movie and TV School, Economy and Trade school. The article also analysis and studies in different angles about fine arts vocational education reform: present situation of fine arts vocational education;The possibility and must for fine arts vocationalism education;The problems, reflection and countermeasure in the professionalism or vocationalism education reform; By analyzing present situation of fine arts education with statistics and comparison, the author elaborated the urgency for the reform, meanwhile ponder and summarize some reform attempts; By analyzing the possibility and necessity of vocationalism of fine arts education, along with the development of social economy and vigorously support from national policy, the article gives the full affirmation to vocational education prospects in our country, and indicates vocationalism will be inevitable trend for regular fine arts school education reform.
本文对国内艺术学校、电影电视学校、经贸学校等一些中专学校的美术专业的教育及发展状况做了详细的调查与统计,并分别从以下几个角度对中专美术的教育改革作了分析与研究:中专美术的教育现状;美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性;职业化改革中面临的问题以及思考和对策;在中专美术教育现状的研究中,运用了数据分析和对比,阐述了改革的迫切性,同时针对当前中专美术在教育改革中所做的一些尝试,进行了思考和总结;在对美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性的分析中,本文结合社会经济的发展和国家政策的大力支持,对我国职业教育的发展前景给予充分肯定,指明中专美术教育向职业化方向发展将是中专教改的必然趋势。
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In the light of the research of the development of Thailand higher education, we can conclude the experiences to the use of reference for our higher educations development. At first, the relationship of higher education's westernizing and higher education's being indigenous is handled very well. Secondly, the dominant function of market is increasing. Thirdly, the imbalance of the higher education, including the imbalance of quantity and quality; the imbalance of the regions and the disjoint of higher education and development of society and economic. Finally , the disjoint of the development of the higher education and the elementary education.
根据对泰国高等教育发展现状的研究,我们可以总结出泰国高等教育发展的经验和存在的问题有:一、西化与本土化的关系处理得很好;二、市场主导作用的增加;三、发展不平衡,具体表现为:数量与质量发展不平衡、地区发展不平衡及与经济发展相脱节;四、高等教育与初等教育发展相脱节。
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Education of civics:公民教育
教育 Education | 公民教育 Education for citizenship;Citizenship education;Civic education;Education of civics | 低能儿教育 Education for defective;Education for disabled;Education for feebleminded c...
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Education for feebleminded children;Education for disabled;Education for defective:低能儿教育
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Master of Arts in Education major in Pre-Elementary School Education:学前教育硕士
Master of Arts in Education major in General Education ... | Master of Arts in Education major in Pre-Elementary School Education 学前教育硕士 | Master of Arts in Education major in Secondary Education...