In recent years, there has occurred many natural and artificial disasters domestic and outside continuously, not only cause the loss of all the people, but also threaten the safety of life. However when the disaster occurs, the urgent matter must the mobilization disaster relief personnel, rescue the equipment and fall as far as possible the disaster to lightly. The fast set out, effectiveness and disciplinal disaster relief unit, must be the military army. Depend on the army join to support disaster relief in several international serious disasters, then lets the entire disaster relief motion complete smoothly, and reduce damage and disaster to the smallest. Therefore, it takes the thorough research to improve the response capability of disaster relief in army.

中文摘要在近几年中，国内、外接连不断发生了许多天然、人为的灾害，不仅造成人民财产的损失，生命安全亦受到威胁，然而当灾害发生时，当务之急应当快速的动员救灾人员、装备抢救，尽可能将灾害降到最轻，而能够快速出动、有效率、有纪律支援的救灾单位，非军事部队莫属，且在国际上几次严重的大灾害中，都藉由军队加入支援紧急救灾，才让整个救灾的行动顺利完成，并将损伤、灾害减到最小，因此在本文中对於如何提升国军紧急救灾的应变能力作深入的研究。

All the banking financial institutions shall practically fulfill the "six service commitments" and handle special affairs in a special way to ensure smooth channels for earthquake relief donations and remittances; shall provide good services for payment and settlement of disaster relief funds to ensure that disaster relief funds be remitted to the accounts of payees as soon as possible; shall do a good job in capital dispatch and remittance to safeguard the needs of the clients in disaster areas for drawing cash and ensure the timely entry of disaster relief funds into accounts and the timely allotment of disaster relief funds; shall try to resume normal business operation of outlets in disaster areas, and may set up temporary outlets under a special circumstance to ensure the needs of clients for transactions; shall rapidly process international earthquake relief funds and reduce charges as much as possible; shall open green credit-granting channels for earthquake relief, actively do a good job in granting of disaster relief loans, support the timely purchase and circulation of earthquake relief materials, provide special financial services for the heavily affected industries and enterprises of power, communications, highway and railway, etc., guarantee the efficiency in examination and approval of loans and ensure the disaster relief funds be in place timely.

银行业金融机构都要切实履行&六项服务承诺&，特事特办，确保抗震救灾捐款、汇款通道顺畅运行；做好救灾款项的支付清算服务，确保救灾款项第一时间到达指定收款人账户；做好资金调运和汇划，保障灾区客户提取现金的需求，保证救灾款项及时入账和拨付；在保证安全的基础上，设法恢复受灾地区网点的正常营业，特殊情况下可设临时营业点，以保证客户办理业务的需求；对有关抗震救灾的国际救助资金快速办理，并尽可能减免费用；开启抗震救灾绿色授信通道，积极做好抗震救灾贷款投放，支持抗震救灾物资的及时采购和流通，对电力、通讯、公路、铁路等受灾害影响大的行业和企业采取特殊的金融服务支持，保证信贷审批效率，确保救灾贷款及时到位。

Sea ice severe degree and disaster in Bohai Sea from 1950 through 2007 promulgated by State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China has been summarized. According to these reports and bulletins involved with sea ice severe degree and disaster, the statistical means of 5-year moving average are applied, the feedback of sea ice disaster to the societal activity in every National Five-year Plan has been exhibited, the relation between sea ice disaster and sea ice severe degree has been quantificationally analyzed. Some conclusions have been derived as follows: sea ice disaster appeared proportionably to industrial activity and sea ice severe degree, but inverse proportionnably to the understandings of cognition of defending in sea ice disasters; so that the weaken sea ice conditions could not inevitably result in the loosening of sea ice disaster.

通过归纳整理1950年以来渤海海冰冰情等级以及国家海洋局公报内的海冰灾害，并应用五年滑移平均，以反映中国"五年计划"的社会活动与海冰灾害之间的响应，定量分析海冰灾害发生率同海冰冰情等级的关系，发现工业活动的频繁程度同海冰灾害发生率成正比；人类重视程度同海冰灾害发生率成反比；海冰冰情等级与海冰灾害发生率成正比；当海冰冰情等级减轻时，海冰灾害发生率并不一定减少。

Disaster prevention：预防灾害

605,"disaster hazard","灾害危险",,"Environment" | 606,"disaster prevention","预防灾害",,"Environment" | 608,"disaster-prone country; most disaster-prone area","灾害频繁国家",,"Environment"

disaster area：失事区

disaster action plan 灾害行动计划 | disaster area 失事区 | disaster shut-down 紧急停车

自然灾害 disaster area 灾区：natural disaster

113. disapprove of 不赞成 approve of | 114. natural disaster 自然灾害 disaster area 灾区 | 115. The children are happy at the school, but they lack dicipline. 缺乏纪律